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Biomedical subjects

V S Medvedev

Publications and source records attributed to V S Medvedev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Familial well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma].

Medical Research Institute of Radiology, Russian Academy Forty-eight cases of familial disease (24 families) (4.3%) were identified among 1,118 patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma who had been either examined or treated at the Clinic of Medical Research Institute of Radiology (1995-2004). In 86% of the study group, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was associated with tumor of the identical histological pattern while the remaining families revealed association with follicular or medullary thyroid cancer. Carcinoma inheritable from mother was the most frequent (75%). No differences in manifestation, histological pattern, stage or clinical course were established following a detailed evaluation of clinico-morphological data on 43 familial and 172 sporadic (control) cases in both groups. The analysis pointed to a significantly higher incidence of concomitant thyroid pathology in the familial thyroid cancer group. Molecular-genetic study of RET-protooncogene and gene BRAF in 6 blood samples from PTC-bearers established RET-mutation (mother and daughter) in codon 891 (exon 15) G2673A (TCG->TCA). No mutation in BRAF was found.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed2006

[Frequency of RET/PTC rearrangement and somatic BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancer].

Frequency of RET/PTC rearrangement and somatic BRAF mutation was investigated in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) vis-a-vis relevant demographic and clinico-pathological features. The study group included 76 patients with a female/male ratio of 4.8:1; mean age - 45.7 +/- 9.7 yrs. BRAF mutation was identified in 49 (65%) (V600E--47, KSRWS600--1 and E585K--1). RET rearrangement was detected in 9 (12%): RET/PTC1--5, RET/PTC3--2, unspecified RET/PTC--1 and delta RET/PTC--1. It was age at diagnosis alone that proved to be consistently associated with BRAF mutations (p = 0.017). Younger tumor patients were mostly prone to RET/PTC rearrangement (p = 0.08). No correlation between mutation and clinico-pathological features was established.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Immediate and long-term results of plastic reconstruction of soft tissues of the head and neck in areas previously treated with surgery for tumor and radiation injury].

The efficiency was studied of vascularized tissue complexes in 346 cancer patients with extensive facial injuries to the head and neck who had undergone combined treatment. Free microsurgical autotransplantation was carried out in 7 (2%) patients, deltapectoral graft--151 (44%), sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap--39 (11%), pectoralis major flap--10 (3%), bi- and tri-lobed flap--55 (16%), temporal musculoperiosteal flap--25 (7%), cheek flap--24 (6.9%), thoraco-dorsal axillary flap--24 (6.9%), frontal flap--6 (1.7%), free-flap transfer--5 (1.5%). Although most vascularized tissue complexes were placed in previously irradiated areas, primary engraftment was reported in 249 (72%) patients, while peripheral or partial necrosis in distal part of flap- in 97 (28%). Good cosmetic and functional results were obtained in 298 (86%) patients who considered themselves cured.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Assay of thyrocalcitonin in cervical lymph node using fine-needle washings for the diagnosis of disseminated medullary thyroid carcinoma].

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of cervical lymph nodes was carried out in 22 patients with suspected metastatic involvement with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTS). It was followed by cytopathological examination of aspirates and assay of of thyrocalcitonin (TCT) in fine-needle washings. TCT determinations proved highly informative as well as significantly high in all seven cases of MTS involvement (26-8,484.87 pg/ml, mean 2,208 +/- 1,722 pg/ml).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Neutron brachytherapy in the treatment of melanoma.

PURPOSE: The use of Cf-252 for treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma is presented. METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 1975 to 1992, plaque Cf-252 applicator neutron brachytherapy was performed in nine patients with skin malignant melanoma of head and neck or chest wall. Neutron brachytherapy alone was applied in six patients; two patients received neutron brachytherapy before and one after photon teletherapy. Tumor neutron brachytherapy doses ranged from 3.9-11.5 Gy. Four patients underwent surgical resection of the primary tumor and in six cases, regional lymph node dissection was done. RESULTS: The patients survival times ranged from 3 months to 12 years; 2-year survival was 50% and 30% of the patients lived 3 years. The mean survival time was 39 months. All but 1 patients died because of distant metastases. Local tumor control was achieved in all cases. CONCLUSION: The clinical study shows the relative sensitivity of melanoma to the neutron irradiation and offer new possibilities in Cf-252 brachytherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Perioperative neutron brachytherapy with californium-252.

Between 1973 and 1988, 495 patients were treated with Cf-252 neutron brachytherapy. Cf-252 neutron therapy sources developed in the USSR has been used in the trial. A numerical reconstruction method for localization of Cf-252 cell coordinates by projections on orthogonal radiographs has been designed and used for treatment planning. Eight (1.6%) patients with recurrent and persistent head and neck tumors and ages from 32 to 48 years (mean age 43 years) were treated with Cf-252 perioperative neutron brachytherapy. There were three patients with oral cavity, one with oropharynx, three with parotid gland cancers, and one with a skin tumor. The dose rate ranged fro 3.2 cGy/h to 11.1 cG/h, the minimal peripheral dose ranged from 3 Gy to 8 Gy. Initial local control was achieved in all patients. Local recurrence developed in two cases. Three patients died in first year after therapy. Three patients died during the second year. Two patients are long term cures, one patient more than nine years and one eight years, that is 25% of the treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Immune homeostasis in patients with head and neck cancer].

Immunologic parameters in head and neck cancer patients measured prior to treatment, in remission, at relapse and in cases of lymph node metastases developing 1-3 years following radiation treatment proved different. Evaluation of immune status, alongside with other diagnostic methods, can be used to confirm remission and diagnose relapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical assessment of various methods of radio-modification in radiotherapy of advanced oropharyngeal cancer].

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of RF-hyperthermia and regional intraarterial hyperglycemia as adjuvant radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy of advanced head and neck cancers. Altogether 115 patients with advanced T3-T-4 carcinoma of the tongue, oral cavity and oropharynx underwent external radiotherapy (Co-60). An RF capacitative heating device operating at 40.68 MHz was employed twice a week, a total of 4 sessions per patient. Intratumor temperature was 41.5-43 degrees C. Hyperglycemia was performed via the branches of the carotid artery, a total of 3 sessions per patient. There were 4 groups (1-31 patients on conventional radiotherapy; 2-24 patients on thermoradiotherapy; 3-30 patients on radiotherapy plus regional hyperglycemia; 4-30 patients underwent combined radio-modification). A complete response was 29% for conventional radiotherapy, 67% for thermoradiotherapy, 60% for radiotherapy plus hyperglycemia, and 77% for combined radio-modification. A 2-year local control was found to be 13% for radiotherapy, 37% for thermoradiotherapy, 17% for radiotherapy plus hyperglycemia, and 35% for combined radio-modification. Only hyperthermia was found to improve a 2-year local control of advanced oropharyngeal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The technology of preparation and experience in the clinical use of 252Cf sources].

The paper is concerned with analysis of technology, developed in our country for the manufacture and use of pin sources with linear and inhomogeneous (stepped) distribution of 252Cf and sources of flexible assemblies in interstitial radiotherapy of tumors. Clinical analysis contains 407 cases of therapy of head and neck tumors over the period of 1979-1987. In the authors' opinion, the most promising sources (with regard to the frequency of use) are pin sources with homogeneous radionuclide distribution and flexible assemblies.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1986

[Combined neutron and gamma-therapy of tongue cancer].

The authors conducted a comparative study of the electivity of various schemes of interstitial therapy with 252Cf of 37 tongue cancer patients with tumors corresponding to the clinical stage T2N0M0. The immediate, short- and long-term results of contact neutron therapy alone, by the conventional scheme of combined therapy and a new method were assessed. Interstitial neutron therapy of a primary tumor was given at the first stage, gamma-beam therapy of a primary focus and regional metastatic zones was given at the second stage. A focal dose of neutron therapy was 3.5 Gy, dose rate 10-14 cGy/h. In 5-6 days neutron therapy was followed by a course of gamma-beam therapy at a focal dose of 40 Gy. The results of the study corroborate the conclusions of clinical radiobiology to the effect that neutron therapy damages cancer cells at the first stage more than gamma-rays. This facilitates the process of reoxygenation of tumors and increases general radiosensitivity to subsequent gamma-beam therapy. A mathematical analysis of the patients' survival has shown advantages of this therapeutic method.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of contact neutron and gamma therapy on immunity of patients with cancer of the mouth mucosa].

Considerable deviations from the normal indices of T- and B-cell components of the immune system were found in patients with oral mucosa cancer. Some differences in immunity indices after 2 types of contact therapy was established. T-lymphocytes were radiosensitive in contact neutron 252Cf radiation, B-lymphocytes in gamma-beam radiation (60Co). The phagocytic component was characterized by relative radioresistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Californium-252 interstitial implants in carcinoma of the tongue.

A clinical study using 252Cf sources in brachytherapy of tumors began in the Research Institute of Medical Radiology of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR in 1973. 252Cf afterloading cells were utilized by the method of simple afterloading. Dosimetry and radiation protection of medical personnel were developed. To substantiate optimal therapeutic doses of 252Cf neutrons, a correlation of dose, time, and treatment volume factors with clinical results of 252Cf interstitial implants in carcinoma of the tongue for 47 patients with a minimum follow-up period of 1 year was studied. Forty-nine interstitial implants have been performed. Seventeen patients received 252Cf implants alone (Group I), 17 other patients received 252Cf implants in combination with external radiation (Group II), and 15 patients were treated with interstitial implants for recurrent or residual tumors (Group III). Complete regression of carcinoma of the tongue was obtained in 48 patients (98%). Recurrences occurred in 1 patient (6%) in Group I, 6 patients (35%) in Group II, and 5 patients (33%) in Group III. Thirteen patients (27%) developed radiation necrosis. The therapeutic dose of neutron radiation from 252Cf sources in interstitial radiotherapy of primary tongue carcinomas (Group I) was found to be 7 to 9 Gy. Optimal therapeutic neutron dose in combined interstitial and external radiotherapy of primary tumors (Group II) was 5 to 6 Gy with an external radiation dose of 40 Gy. For recurrent and residual tumors (Group III), favorable results were obtained with tumor doses of 6.5 to 7 Gy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Interstitial neutron therapy using flexible 252Cf sources].

The authors describe the technique of interstitial neutron therapy using 252Cf flexible sources developed at the clinic of the Research Institute of Medical Radiology, USSR AMS. Altogether 75 patients with head and neck tumors of different site and spread were treated. The characteristics of the 252Cf flexible sources and the neutron radiation dose field distribution are provided. This technique is based upon the utilization of the afterloading principle. Clinical observations are illustrated by different uses of flexible sources (loop-shaped, planar, radiosurgical). Dosimetry methods are described, general problems of radiation safety are considered. A conclusion has been made of a possibility to extend indications to interstitial therapy using 252Cf flexible sources.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Intrathyroid iodine in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer].

The stable intrathyroid iodine concentrations characteristic of nodular goiter, thyroid adenoma and cancer were determined by means of neutron activation analysis of resected material, Mean iodine levels in the destruction focus in cancer, adenoma and nodular goiter were 32 +/- 5, 174 +/- 38 and 344 +/- 43, respectively. while 960 +/- 91, 527+/-138 and 639+/-66 micrograms of iodine per 1g of wet weight were found in the surrounding apparently intact tissues of thyroid parenchyma. The importance of the difference between the absolute value of iodine concentration in the destruction focus and that in intact tissue for differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

[Surgical interventions on the carotid arteries in removing metastatic tumors of the neck].

An analysis is presented of the treatment in 55 patients with cancer metastases in jugular lymph nodes with the carotid wall proliferation. While removing metastatic conglomerates all patients were subjected to different surgical procedures on carotid arteries, including denudation, circular and edge resection of the common and internal carotid arteries, resection of the exterior carotid artery. Consideration is given of the complications observed, frequency of tumor recurrences, the immediate, late and remote results of the treatment. Surgical treatment in this group of patients resulted in the survival over 3 years in 20% of cases, up to 5 years and longer--in 18%.

Adult↗