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Biomedical subjects

V S Ostrower

Publications and source records attributed to V S Ostrower.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Jejunal diverticulitis manifesting with abdominal wall abscess.

Jejunal diverticulosis is generally considered to be an innocuous condition, but serious complications can arise and lead to acute or chronic syndromes. In this report, we describe a case of jejunal diverticulitis presenting with an abdominal wall abscess. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of jejunal diverticulitis complicated by fistula formation leading to the development of an abdominal wall abscess. Because jejunal diverticula generally localize at the mesenteric border and their perforation tends to result in intra-abdominal abscess formation, we speculate that the abdominal wall abscess described in our case here was due to adhesions of jejunal loops to the abdominal wall secondary to previous abdominal surgeries.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1981

Ulcerative colitis complicated by autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

We have reported the rare association of severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia with active ulcerative colitis, and added to the sparse published recommendations concerning management. Although aggressive medical therapy resulted in only partial control of the inflammatory bowel disease and hemolysis, both disorders remitted rapidly after panproctocolectomy and splenectomy. Autologous red cells were safely transfused during surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Prevalence of clinical gallbladder disease in Mexican-American, Anglo, and black women.

Clinical observations have suggested that gallstones are increased in frequency in Mexican-Americans compared to other ethnic groups. Past autopsy surveys have demonstrated a low prevalence in blacks compared to whites. We retrospectively reviewed 1,018 charts to study the prevalence of cholelithiasis in ambulatory women of these three racial/ethnic backgrounds. Mexican-American women were found to have a prevalence of gallbladder disease approximately three times that of black women, with Anglo prevalences falling in an intermediate range. The prevalence of cholelithiasis was also positively associated with increasing age and diabetes, but not with serum cholesterol, use of oral contraceptives or conjugated estrogens, parity, hypertension, menstrual status, or smoking. An association with obesity was shown but could not be shown to be independent of other risk factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Binding of bile acids by dietary fiber.

Binding of bile salts to food residue was studied in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro experiments, residues of a number of foods were incubated with each of several bile salts at different concentrations and pHs. All food residues tested adsorbed more dihydroxy than trihydroxy bile salts. Bile salt binding increased as bile salt concentration increased and was greater at a low pH. The extent of bile salt adsorption to some food residues could be clinically important. In patients with short ileal resections, we compared the rates of fecal excretion of labelled cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids and of a nonabsorable marker during ingestion of an ordianry diet (approximately 5 g of fiber) and a residue-free liquid diet. Coefficients of bile salt adsorption were calculated. Both bile acids were absorbed more efficiently during the liquid diet. Chenodeoxycholic acid was preferentially bound to the particulate matter of stools of patients eating the fiber-containing diet. It seems possible that dietary fiber could affect the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts in certain patients with ileal resection.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful control of hepatitis B surface antigenemia in a dialysis unit without geographic or machine isolation.

Persistent hepatitis B infections among patients and frequent new hepatitis B infections among both patients and staff were a major problem in our dialysis unit during its first two and one-half years of operation. During this time the mean quarterly rate of conversion to HBsAg positivity among patients ranged from 0-60% (mean 12%); in staff it ranged from 0-13%. Control efforts, including strict temporal isolation, improved sanitary measures, and use of parallel plate dialyzers without geographic or machine isolation, were begun late in 1976. After a four-month lag, new HBsAg conversions ceased among the 30 patients and staff at risk, despite continued dialysis of eight HBsAg-positive patients (at least four of whom were HBeAg-positive). Over the succeeding three years the conversion rate was zero in both patients and staff. This experience suggests that conservative control measures without geographic separation of patients may be sufficient to control an established outbreak of hemodialysis-related hepatitis B. Controlled prospective trials of this hypothesis are warranted.

Cross Infection↗