Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V Sankaran.
Giant fibroids are known to arise from the uterus, but occasionally from the broad ligament also. A case of giant broad ligament fibroid is reported for its rarity, and the diagnostic difficulties it posed are discussed.
One hundred and thirty-nine cases of rhinosporidiosis diagnosed histopathologically over a period of 4 years were analysed. Nasal rhinosporidiosis is common among males who bathe in stagnant ponds while ocular rhinosporidiosis is common among urban females. There is a seasonal variation in the incidence of nasal and ocular rhinosporidiosis.
Immunophenotyping of 28 gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas was done using specific antibodies. Twenty six of these were successfully classified using this technique.
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Five cases of amebiasis of the genital tract involving the cervix, vulva and penis are described. All presented as an ulcerating mass and were clinically suspected to have a tumor. In two cases the amebiasis co-existed with a carcinoma, an association which is extremely rare. The spouse of a patient with penile amebiasis was found to have amebiasis of the cervix suggesting a sexually transmitted mode of infection. The need for histopathological confirmation of all suspected genital malignancies is emphasised due to the striking resemblance of genital amebiasis to a carcinoma. The co-existence of amebiasis with carcinoma is of interest and suggests a possible etiological relationship.
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Several techniques were compared for collection of peritoneal mononuclear phagocytes from cynomolgus monkeys. A multiple-holed cannula proved superior to a hypodermic needle for the collection of peritoneal washings because it was not occluded by the omentum. With the cannula technique 55--70% of the harvest medium could be recovered from the peritoneal cavity with a yield of 2.5--5 x 10(5) macrophages per ml. A closed system for injecting and collecting harvest medium was better than a syringe in preventing bacterial contamination of peritoneal washings. After collection, cells were resuspended in growth medium to a concentration of 5 x 10(5) macrophages per ml, distributed into Leighton tubes, and incubated at 36 degrees C. After 12 hours, cultures were washed to remove non-adherent cells and refed with growth medium. This technique provided a sterile, reliable method for the collection and cultivation of macrophages from monkeys.
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A review of the literature has revealed only 24 cases of retroperitoneal non-functional paraganglioma recorded up to the present date. This report presents three additional cases, in two of which metastasis had occurred at the time of surgery. The clinical presentation and the biological behaviour of these tumours are reviewed in detail, as also are recommendations regarding therapy.
Treatment of 7,12-benz[a]anthraquinone (2) with methylmagnesium iodide or methyllithium yields mixtures of cis- and trans-7,12-dihydro-7,12-dihydroxy-7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracenes (3a,b), in which the ratio of cis to trans lies in the 3--4:1 region. Each isomer afforded high yields of 7-chloromethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene (5) on treatment with hydrogen chloride in ethyl acetate. Similarly, 5-fluoro-7,12-benz[a]anthraquinone (8) afforded a mixture of cis- and trans-5-fluoro-7,12-dihydro-7,12-dihydroxy-7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracenes (9) which yielded 7-chloromethyl-5-fluoro-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene (10) on treatment with HCl. The chloromethyl compounds, 5 and 10, yielded 7-acetoxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene (6) and 7-acetoxymethyl-5-fluoro-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene (11) on treatment with acetate ion. Hydrolysis of 6 and 11 yielded 7-hydroxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene (7) and 5-fluoro-7-hydroxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene (12), respectively. Since neither 11 nor 12 is appreciably carcinogenic, the carcinogenic metabolism of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) probably does not involve attack at the 7-methyl group.
Rickettsia tsutsugamushi organisms were identified in Giemsa and fluorescent antibody stained monocyte cell cultures derived from experimentally infected monkeys and dogs. The identification of organisms in monocyte cell cultures compared favorably with the standard technique of mouse inoculation.
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The (+/-) title compound was prepared to evaluate prior observations that certain acetylcholine congeners derived from cyclobutane are devoid of muscarinic effects. It was prepared by a multistep sequence from trans-2-carbomethoxycyclobutyl methyl ketone. In a guinea pig ileum assay, it was 0.02 times as active as AcCh, and in a dog blood pressure assay, it was 0.09 times as active. In these assays, its (+/-)-cyclopropane congener and AcCh were equally active. This is the first cyclobutane-derived AcCh congener possessing significant muscarinic effect.
A 25-year-old woman had a malignant ovarian tumor with two distinct tumor patterns: pseudomucinous cystadenocarcinoma and malignant giant cell tumor of bone. One area of the tumor had a lining of tall columnar epithelium with abundant mucin production; however, another area of the same tumor had a number of large multinucleated giant cells that resembled osteoclasts, intermingled with mononuclear stromal cells. There was no blending of the two tumor patterns. Mitoses were frequent in both areas. A probable histogenesis of the tumor from a malignant teratoma is suggested.