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Biomedical subjects

V Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to V Schmidt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Increased ethanol elimination after barium meal--human experimental study with parenteral alcohol administration].

The results of human experimental investigations of blood alcohol kinetics in intravenous alcohol administration published in recent years suggest that alterations both of the current ADH activity and of the rate of hepatic blood flow affect the excretion. The effects of a voluminous gastrointestinal load of 500 g of inert BaSO4 definitively free of calories on the elimination kinetics of ethanol are investigated in two groups each comprising five male subjects. The alcohol is administered exclusively parenterally. Peak blood alcohol values between 0.5 and 1.1 per thousand are attained. After a barium meal, the elimination is significantly raised (p less than 0.01; p less than 0.05) in both groups. The rate of increase up to 27 percent of the baseline value (beta 60 min. 0.108; beta 60 max. 0.15 g/kg) is attributed to the raised hepatic blood flow.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Morphological and toxicological findings after intravenous injection of metallic mercury].

At the autopsy of a 25-year-old man who had died from combined morphine and cocaine intoxication, depositions of metallic mercury were incidentally found in the myocardium of the right ventricular septum and posterior wall. Deposits, toxicologically identified as mercury, were also found radiologically and histologically in the lungs. All these deposits were probably the result of intravenous injections of mercury many months previously, as is known to be done occasionally by addicts. Judging by the histological picture the greatest proportion of the mercury collected in the right ventricular cavity after injection, a smaller amount by embolization in the small pulmonary arteries. The mercury spheres which came to lie in the right ventricle then penetrated into the myocardium, moving outward and causing a chronic and partly transmural inflammatory response.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Typical CT findings with the intrathecal infusion test in post-traumatic disorders of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics].

Simultaneous computer tomographic and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics examinations in patients with high-pressure hydrocephalus, normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebral atrophic processes are presented and discussed. Exclusive CT and MR examinations do not allow a differentiation of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus and patients with cerebral atrophy. In the simultaneous examinations the morphological substrate during the intrathecal infusion test is represented.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Axial osteosynthesis of dens axis fracture as a routine procedure in neurotraumatology. Diagnosis--Surgical-technique--Complications--Follow-up].

A survey on 34 cases of odontoid process fractures treated by means of axial osteosynthesis since 1981. In cases of acute fractures rate of bony consolidation was 100%, in cases of pseudoarthrosis 50%. 6 complications until the first 20 weeks were successfully treated. No later complications. Removal of implanted material is usually not necessary. Operative treatment of non union by means of bony grafting, axial osteosynthesis and atlanto-axial arthrodesis seems to be helpful. Investigations for the best implantation model must be continued.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Quantitative studies of mast cell proliferation at the wound edge --rate of DNA synthesis in intravital and postmortem biopsy].

The number of DNA synthesizing mast cells in experimental induced wounds was calculated using bromodeoxyuridine as a DNA marker and naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase as a mast cell marker. After different survival times, specimens of the wound edge were taken before death and 24 hs after death. At a survival time of 48 hs in vital biopsy the number of DNA synthesizing mast cells peaked, at 72 hs and fell after a period of 8 days. Even though an identical kinetic course was demonstrable in cases of postmortal biopsies the percentage at each survival period was significantly lower than in vital biopsies.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Sonography for intracorporeal drug smuggling].

To evaluate the place of ultrasonography in the detection of intracorporeal drug packets (body-packs) ten volunteers were examined by ultrasound after having swallowed four body-packs each. Diagnostic criteria had first been established by ultrasound imaging of body-packs in a water bath. The body-packs contained finger-stalls, 1.5-1.8 cm in diameter, filled with hard-pressed glucose. The criterion for identification in the water-bath was shown to be a sickle-shaped echo with a dorsal echo deficit. This sign identified 23 of the 40 body-packs in eight of the ten subjects. Within the first three hours of ingestion 22 body-packs were demonstrated in eight of the subjects; after 17 hours nine body-packs were identified in the stomach of four subjects. In only one subject was it possible to identify (two) body-packs in the region of the small-large intestine. In practice, intracorporeal drug smugglers will almost always have the body-packs in the stomach at the time of likely examination. Extensive ultrasound screening of suspected smugglers is, therefore, recommended.

Crime↗
PubMed1989

[Release of proteinase inhibitors as a vital reaction in the early post-traumatic interval].

In a pilot study paraffin-embedded sections of open skin wounds (stab and slash wounds, lacerations) were investigated to determine the presence of a vital reaction. Granulocytes were detected by naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, the enzyme "lysozyme", and eight proteinase inhibitors by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. The tissue specimens were taken from consecutive autopsy material. The survival time could be determined in 14 cases (10-165 min) and was unknown in 12 other cases of sudden death due to injury of the major vessels or heart. The controls were cases with injuries inflicted after and cases of sudden death due to massive blunt trauma served death. In vital injuries, accumulations of proteinase inhibitors, particularly alpha-2-macroglobulin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, were demonstrable in the corium parallel to the wound surface. In comparison, the reaction of proteinase inhibitors that neutralize only enzymes participating in blood coagulation or complement activation (C1-esterase inhibitor and protein C) was absent or weak. Protein accumulation was observed only sporadically in cases of sudden death and never in cases with wounds inflicted after death. No relationship could be established between semiquantitatively estimated staining and survival time. Granulocytes and lysozyme were first observed in the corium after a survival time of more than 60 min.

Granulocytes↗
PubMed1989

[Erythrocytes in cervical lymph nodes of the human as a sequela of stasis and/or lymph drainage. Questionable diagnostic significance in strangulation and mechanical injuries of the head].

Information on the diagnostic significance of follicular hemorrhage and/or presence of red blood cells in the lymph node sinus was obtained by microscopic investigation of the superficial and deep human cervical lymph nodes. Fifty cases were selected on the basis of the following criteria: (1) cases without strangulation or mechanical head trauma; (2) cases in which death occurred by strangulation without additional mechanical head trauma; (3) cases without strangulation but with mechanical head trauma; (4) cases with strangulation and mechanical head trauma. The usual degree of stasis and hemorrhages and the dilation of the veins and/or capillaries are not sufficient to discriminate between cases with and cases without strangulation. Moreover, erythrocytes, erythrophages, and siderophages were encountered in the lymph node sinus of both cases with and cases without mechanical head trauma. Neither follicular hemorrhage nor the presence of red blood cells in the sinus is therefore diagnostically significant in forensic pathology.

Asphyxia↗
PubMed1989

[Body-packing: detection of incorporated drug packets using ultrasound technics].

According to the Federal Criminal Office the number of undetected cases of intracorporal drug smuggling is startlingly high. To enable the investigating authorities to carry out searches of suspicious persons in the airport, a safe, comparatively cheap and simple procedure is required. Using nine volunteers the detection of swallowed packets is demonstrated by means of ultrasound techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of this method, as well as the value of the radiological pictorial methods (conventional X-rax check, digital radiography, 2-spectrum-radiography and X-ray computer tomography) which we have already tested, are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Immunohistochemical assessment of survival from open skin wounds using paraffin sections].

Investigation of vitality was done in paraffin-embedded tissue sections of open skin wounds by demonstration of a neutrophilic reaction marking the cells by naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, by demonstration of enzyme activity by application of lysozyme antibodies and by demonstration of concentration of proteinase inhibitors by application of inhibitor antibodies using the indirect immunohistochemical peroxidase method. Survival time of the wounds could be determined in 10 cases (15-165 mins) and was unknown in 9 other cases of sudden death due to injury of the major vessels or heart. Postmortally inflicted injuries and cases of sudden death due to massive blunt trauma served as controls. In vital injuries, accumulation of proteinase inhibitors, particularly alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and alpha-2-macroglobulin, were demonstrable in the corium parallel to the wound surface. Protein accumulation was observed only sporadically in cases of sudden death and never in cases with postmortally inflicted wounds. Granulocytes and lysozyme were first observed in the corium after a survival time of more than 60 minutes.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1989

[Bilateral multifocal renal oncocytoma].

We report a case of a bilateral multifocal renal oncocytoma and describe the features of different radiographic techniques emphasising the value of magnetic resonance imaging. This benign tumor is rare. Its preoperative differential diagnosis with renal cell carcinoma is very difficult, especially as its surgical treatment should be conservative.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

[The comprehensively oriented complex rehabilitation of laryngectomized patients].

We report 14 patients who took part in a specially designed comprehensive rehabilitation programme for the laryngectomee. Our results clearly indicate that it is only possible to carry out such a project successfully if there is intensive communication between all participants in the programme, including the patient and his/her partner.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Observations of the propagation velocity and formation mechanism of burst fractures caused by gunshot].

In ballistic literature bursting fractures of the skull in gunshot wounds of the head are understood to be produced by the high pressure built up in the cranial cavity as a result of temporary cavity formation. On one hand there is known, that maximum expansion of the temporary cavity does not occur until some time after the bullet has passed through the skull. On the other hand there exist observations that bursting fractures originating from entrance hole traversed the skull more rapidly than did the projectile. In this paper there is presented a case with such a phenomenon in humerus. Since the determined fracture propagation velocity is very high, there is postulated a direct formation mechanism preceding the indirect effect of the temporary cavity. This hypothesis is confirmed by experiment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Age-dependent injury tolerance exemplified by fatal pedestrian accidents].

The evaluation of forensic autopsy material from pedestrian accident casualties comprising more than 500 cases confirms that the tolerance of injuries greatly depends on age. Slightly to moderately severe injured persons with ISS values under 30 have a very much lower risk of death from comparable traumatizations in the third and fourth decade of life as compared to children and above all compared to elderly persons. In the case of 20 to 30 year olds, only just under 10% with such accident injuries die as compared to the percentage of deaths in infants is almost 30% and more than 50% in casualties over 70 years old. Longer survival times determine the fatal course. In casualties under 50 years old, the rate of complications (10%-15%) is relatively low, whereas it is about 40% in those over 50 years old. Embolism, pneumonia and protracted shock are at the forefront. The relative intolerance of injuries in elderly traffic accident casualties is essentially due to secondary complications.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1988

[ABH and Lewis antigens of tracheal glands. II. Lewis negative individuals].

Immunocytochemical studies were performed on tracheal wall samples embedded in paraffin; the samples were taken at 23 autopsies. In all cases, the red cells had been typed in postmortem serological studies as being Le(a-b-). Blood-group antigens were demonstrated by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique, using monoclonal Anti-A, Anti-B, Anti-Lea and Anti-Leb; H was detected by UEA 1. The secretor characteristics could clearly be diagnosed from the ABH staining pattern of the mucous glands. In 11 cases, the lewis antigen labeling patterns were identical to the group of Lewis-positive individuals. It seems probable, from the statistical point of view, that these 11 individuals were, in fact, Lewis-positive and that the negative serology resulted from deterioration of the cadaver blood samples. The immunocytochemistry was quite different in the remaining 12 cases: (a) secretors (n = 9) were completely negative for Lea, Leb was equally negative in one case, but in the remainder it was detectable within mucous epithelia in minimal amounts and in an atypical granular distribution; (b) nonsecretors (n = 3) reversely exhibited complete negativity for Leb but a minimal staining for Lea. These findings are in harmony with the well established Lewis serology typing of secretions in Lewis negative individuals. Thus, a minimal Lewis antigen biosynthesis and secretion seem to occur in the absence of the Le gene: A alpha-4-L-fucosyltransferase of low activity might be the product of the allele le.

ABO Blood-Group System↗