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Biomedical subjects

V Shanta

Publications and source records attributed to V Shanta.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Integrated approach to the management of patients with advanced germ cell tumors of the testis.

Between 1985 and 1991, 63 patients with disseminated germ cell tumors of the testis were treated with initial cisplatin based combination chemotherapy. Complete response was seen in 38% of patients. Adjunctive surgical resection of residual disease was carried out in 26 patients (41%), including the use of intraoperative radiation therapy in two patients with seminoma. Furthermore, two other patients with seminoma and residual mass underwent retroperitoneal irradiation. Salvage chemotherapy was administered to five patients with progressive disease, and only one of these could be salvaged with adjunctive surgery. A disease-free state was achieved in 75% of patients at a mean follow-up period of 30 months.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

Immunophenotyping of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Madras, India.

At the Cancer Institute, Madras, India, we have performed immunophenotyping in 125 untreated cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia using a panel of 16 monoclonal antibodies and the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique in a haematology autoanalyser (Technicon Hi system). Our results demonstrate a marked difference in the phenotypic pattern of ALL compared to Western countries, the predominant finding being a relative excess of T-ALL and a paucity of C-ALL cases. Age distribution of C-ALL reveals a peak at 2-6 years in paediatric ALL cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cancer registration in Madras Metropolitan Tumour Registry, India.

The Madras Metropolitan Tumour Registry (MMTR) was established at the Cancer Institute (WIA), Madras, in 1981-1982. Cancer is not a notifiable disease in India, and hence registration per force has to be active. The MMTR covers a population of 3.8 million. Mortality statistics are obtained from the Department of Vital Statistics, death registers in hospitals and by active follow-up of registered cases. A total of 28,980 (13,012 males, 15,968 females) cases were registered during 1982-1991. The average annual world-standardised age-adjusted rates (AAR) per 100,000 are 104.2 in males and 129.0 in females. The lifetime cumulative risk (0-74 years) of cancer in Madras is one in eight. Stomach (AAR:15.2) is the leading site of malignancy among males, followed by cancers of the lung (AAR:9.8) and oral cavity (AAR:9.4). Among females, cancer of the cervix (AAR:44.0) is the commonest, followed by breast (AAR:21.7) and oral cavity cancers (AAR:9.8).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Association between cervical and penile cancers in Madras, India.

A total of 4,995 cervical and 311 penile cancer cases were registered in the Madras Population-Based Cancer Registry at the Cancer Institute (WIA), Madras, India, in 1982-1990. The parameters analyzed were age at the time of diagnosis, educational level, marital status, and religion. Peak incidence of carcinoma of the cervix was seen in the age group 55-59 years. The incidence of penile cancer increased consistently with age. Among cervical cancer patients, the incidence was significantly higher among illiterates and among those who had an education for 12 years or less than among those with over 12 years of education. The incidence of cervical cancer was low among Muslim women compared to Hindu and Christian women, and penile cancer was not seen at all among Muslim men. Our results re-emphasize the importance of circumcision in the reduction of the risk of both cervical and penile cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Induction chemotherapy in non-metastatic high grade osteo sarcomas--results of pilot study at Cancer Institute (WIA), Madras.

Twelve patients with high grade osteosarcomas of the extremities were treated with two cycles of induction chemotherapy using adriamycin and cis-platinum and sandwich radiation between the two cycles (4000 rads). Ten patients underwent amputation or disarticulation, two patients had wide excision followed by endoprosthesis. The specimen was assessed for grade of necrosis. The Disease Free Survival at a minimum follow-up period of 26 months and median follow-up period of 35.5%. All the five patients who developed distant metastases had shown only a grade I necrosis in the tumour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Preoperative multimodal therapy for locally advanced non-inflammatory breast cancer.

The present study is a comparison of two sequential groups of advanced locoregional (T3, T4) non-inflammatory breast cancers. The first group was of 164 cases treated between 1965 and 1975 who received radiotherapy followed by surgery (Group I). The second group was of 211 cases treated between 1976 and 1984, who received radiotherapy combined with multidrug chemotherapy followed by surgery (Group II). The 5 and 10 year disease-free survival in the two groups are 47.5% vs 60.6% (P less than 0.005) and at 10 years 35.9% vs 44.1% respectively (P less than 0.005). Tumour sterility in the resected breast was more than doubled in the chemotherapy group (18.9% vs 42.1%). The impact of the addition of chemotherapy on survival was seen only in the node-positive group, the 5-year disease-free survival in node-positive cases being 44.7% compared to 28.2% when chemotherapy was not used (P less than 0.007). Remote metastases at 5 years in node positive cases also showed a significantly lower rate in the CT + RT arm against the RT-only arm (36.4% vs 54.3%) (P less than 0.005). The results clearly demonstrate the advantage of a multimodality approach in the management of Stage III breast cancers.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

Risk factors for female breast cancer. A hospital-based case-control study in Madras, India.

Five hundred and thirty-one histologically confirmed breast carcinoma cases examined from 1983 to 1986 inclusive at the Cancer Institute (WIA), Madras, India, were matched for age, socioeconomic class and menopausal status with an equal number of controls. Cancer patients without diseases in breast, gynaecological organs or endocrine glands were used as controls. Risk factors for breast cancer were analyzed separately in the premenopausal and the postmenopausal groups. In neither group was there significant association between age at menarche and breast cancer risk. Single women had higher risk than married women. Nulliparity was found to be a risk factor in premenopausal women only. The relative risk increased with age at marriage and age at first birth. A three-fold risk was noted in both pre- and postmenopausal groups when the interval between age at first birth and menarche was more than 12 years and also in women who attained menopause between the age of 44-49.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Radiation, pepleomycin and hyperthermia in the therapy of locally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the buccal mucosa.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the commonest male (29%) and the second commonest female (18%) malignancy in South India. At first attendance 93% of the tumours are stage T3 or T4. They are essentially locoregional, remote metastases being rare (0.75%). Radiotherapy alone yields a poor survival (19% 5 year NED). Radiopotentiation by chemical sensitizers and cytotoxic drugs has been attempted since 1960, the best results being obtained by a combination of irradiation and bleomycin. There was, however, persistent failure in about 40% of cases. The present three-armed trial attempted to improve the results of radiotherapy and bleomycin by the addition of hyperthermia. A total of 101 T3 and T4 buccal squamous cancers were entered in the trial over a period of nearly three years. Entry closed in August 1987 and the last case was evaluated in October 1987, hence only response data are available. Hyperthermia did not confer any benefit.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Destructive bone lesions in chronic granulocytic leukemia.

Bone involvement in Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia (CGL) is rare. We describe here five such patients who presented with severe localized bone pain with involvement of femur neck, skull, tibia-upper end and spine. Lesions were osteolytic in three of them. Blast crisis was present in four of them. Survival was poor in all except one who presented in chronic phase. Bone involvement in CGL carries a poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Chronic granulocytic leukaemia. A study of 160 cases.

Chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) is the commonest leukaemia among adults in India. Case records of 183 CGL patients diagnosed between 1975 and 1985 were reviewed. The median age at diagnosis was 40.5 years. Most patients presented with weakness, fullness in the left upper abdomen and fever. Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were present in 90% and 48% respectively. Patients were treated with oral, intermittent busulphan with monitoring of total leucocyte count. Overall, 87 patients expired, including 63 (72%) due to blast crisis. The median survival was 33 months from diagnosis and 44 months from the onset of symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Frequency of bone marrow involvement in non-haematological malignancies.

Five hundred and fifty two bone marrow (BM) specimens (497 aspirates, 55 biopsies) from 518 patients with nonhaematological malignancies were examined to determine the frequency of metastatic deposits. BM involvement was highest in neuroblastoma (9/14), prostate cancer (2/4), retinoblastoma (3/7), Ewing's sarcoma (14/47), rhabdomyosarcoma (5/20) and small cell carcinoma of lung (3/18). BM aspiration smears were adequate in paediatric tumours (neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma) while BM biopsies were most useful in patients with Ewing's sarcoma, prostate cancer and small cell lung cancer. We conclude that BM is an easy investigation in the diagnosis and staging of nonhaematological cancers.

Bone Marrow↗