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V Shanta

Publications and source records attributed to V Shanta.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Combined therapy in carcinomas of the female breast.

Of 606 female breast cancers treated, 364 of them in stage I, II and III, only 7 cases were in stage I. All stage II and III cases in good general condition received radical preoperative irradiation to the entire breast volume and the regional lymphatic areas over a period of 4 wk, followed 4 wk later by a radical mastectomy. No postoperative irradiation was administered. The biological basis of this therapeutic policy is explained in detail and the 5-yr disease-free survival of patients in relation to stage of disease, treatment method, histology of the primary tumor, histologic nodal metastatic status, postradiational status of the breast primary, the menstrual status of the patient, and the general metabolic status is discussed. It is explicitly shown by meticulous histological study of the breasts and the axillary lymph nodes removed at surgery that radical irradiation per se is inadequate to sterilize the breasts and that subsequent radical surgery is essential. Furthermore, two-thirds of the stage III cancers, which would have been considered inoperable by conventional criteria, were rendered operable by preoperative irradiation, with a near 50% 5-yr disease-free survival.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Possible factors in remote metastases in female breast cancer.

The association of metastases (M) with age of patient, stage of disease, the gross and microscopic characteristics of the primary tumor, its physical location, the postradiational status of the breast, the extent and level of histological nodal involvement, the type of surgery practiced, and the host's biological environment are analysed. The authors conclude that the critical factor in systemic dissemination in female breast cancer is the extent and level of metastatic nodal involvement. Though the association between stage of disease, character of tumor (T), and histology are significant, the cruicial factor seems to be the nodal involvement. Systemic metastases are significantly higher in inner quadrant tumors. Possible methods of circumventing this dissemination are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous aspergillosis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Local RF capacitive hyperthermia: thermal profiles and tumour response.

At the Cancer Institute we are using RF capacitive hyperthermia as an adjuvant to radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy in the local control of soft tissue sarcomas. We have studied the influence of bolus conductivity, electrode and phantom sizes on the rate of heating of agar phantoms. We have varied the bolus conductivity by varying the saline concentration in the bolus bags from zero to 2.0 per cent, during heating. We found that the rate of heating of phantoms increases and that of the bolus decreases with the increase in the saline concentration of bolus up to 1 per cent, irrespective of phantom and electrode sizes. However, for a given size of electrodes the rate of heating decreased with the increase in the phantom size. When the diameter and height of the phantom were equal to the diameters of electrodes the rate of heating of the phantom was nearly uniform. However, when the diameter of the phantom was larger than that of electrodes the rate of heating in the radial axis decreased with the increase in the radial distance. On the basis of this data we suggest the use of electrodes larger in size by 1.0-3.0 cm than the size of the tumour, where the size of the anatomical site to be heated is larger than the electrode size to be used. Phantom and clinical data have indicated that the presence of bone in the field of heating can lead to hot spots. Preliminary clinical results have shown that the response of sarcomas to thermo-chemo-radiotherapy was superior to that of either thermo-radiotherapy or radiotherapy alone.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic variables and survival in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemias: cancer institute experience.

This presentation is an analysis of front-end prognostic variables in achieving a complete response, a continuous complete remission, and disease-free survival in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the Cancer Institute, Madras, India between 1983 and 1988. The clinical characteristics at presentation showed that virtually 100% of patients belong to the poor risk category, age < 3 years of > 6 years 72.2%, WBC > 10,000/mm3 59.8%, blast count > 50% 39.2%, organomegaly 91.8%, and L2 morphology 66.0%. All patients had more than one risk factor. Between 1983 and 1988, 97 children were treated on a pilot protocol designed in collaboration with the Lymphoma Biology Division of the Pediatric Oncology Branch of the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. The protocol was designed for a poor prognostic group. The significance of implicated poor prognostic factors was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model. Age at presentation was the only variable that emerged as an independent risk factor, and sex appeared to be a modifier. No other variables attained significance. Survival data were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The relapse-free and event-free survivals up to 10 years were 50.7% and 38.1%, and compare reasonably well with results reported for similar groups elsewhere for the same period.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotics in febrile neutropenia: a randomized prospective comparison of two combinations.

BACKGROUND: Problems of initial empirical antibiotic therapy in febrile neutropenia are further complicated by other factors such as cost and the pattern of infective organisms in a particular institution. We, therefore, conducted a randomized study comparing the efficacy of two sets of antibiotics which differed in their spectrum of action, availability and price. METHODS: Sixty episodes of febrile neutropenia in 40 patients who were not on any prophylactic antibiotics were randomized into one of two arms--cefotaxime and gentamicin or ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. Depending upon the response by 72 hours, they were crossed over to the other arm or continued with the same combination. Empirical antifungal therapy was added in those who did not become afebrile. RESULTS: Infection was documented either clinically, bacteriologically or radiologically in 42% of the febrile episodes. The commonest organism isolated was Klebsiella and the commonest organism producing bacteraemia was the Staphylococcus. The temperature was reduced to normal without cross-over in 53% of the febrile episodes with cefotaxime and gentamicin and in 60% with ciprofloxacin and gentamicin (p > 0.05). After cross-over the temperature came down in 30% of the episodes with cefotaxime and gentamicin (initial combination) and 40% with ciprofloxacin and gentamicin (initial combination; p > 0.05). The overall response rate without empirical antifungal therapy was 83% in the patients on cefotaxime and gentamicin (initial combination; p > 0.05). While both the arms of the study had a 100% response rate, there was no significant difference between the efficacy of the antibiotic combinations. The ciprofloxacin-gentamicin combination is one-third as expensive as cefotaxime-gentamicin and is more readily available. CONCLUSION: We recommend the use of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin as the initial drug combination and cefotaxime and gentamicin only when the former is not effective.

Adolescent↗