PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V Sirakov

Publications and source records attributed to V Sirakov.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Neostigmine, but not metoclopramide, abolishes ethosuximide-induced functional gastrointestinal disturbances.

Ethosuximide is a drug used for the treatment of absence seizures. Its prolonged application leads to gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances. The purpose of the present study was to determine the severity and nature of the disturbances, as well as the influence exerted upon them by neostigmine methylsulfate and metoclopramide. The drug-induced alterations, occurring in the rat GI tract, were registered by X-ray contrast examination. In vitro experiments were carried out on isolated GI smooth muscle (SM) preparations. The latter revealed that the drug hyperpolarized the SM tissues and inhibited their contractile activity. X-rays of ethosuximide-treated rats showed GI hypotonia, disturbed peristalsis and decreased evacuation activity. The inhibition of the GI functions was associated with hyperpolarization of SM and a reduction in Ca(2+) influx, ensuring spontaneous contractile activity. The application of neostigmine methylsulfate significantly removed ethosuximide-induced functional GI disturbances in rats treated for 15 days with ethosuximide.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A case of abnormal localization of osteomyelitis.

A patient with osteomyelitis and abnormal localization of the changes is presented--left sterno-clavicular joint, the medial parts of the clavicular bone and the first rib, as well as the manubrium sterni. General and target radiography, tomography and chest CT-scan were performed. The reported case is of interest because of the rare localization, the characteristics of the X-ray conduct and the symptomatology in differential and diagnostic aspect.

Clavicle↗
PubMed1998

Ethosuximide inducted changes in the gastro-intestinal tract.

Ethosuximide is an alternative medicament that is used for coupling of petit mal, especially in childhood. Some clinical observations show that it has secondary effects on the gastro intestinal tract (GIT). The present research tries to define the characteristics of Ethosuximide--the inducted secondary effects on the GIT, and to explain some of the possible mechanisms that cause them. The changes that occur in the GIT of patients cured with Ethosuximide are registered roentgenologically. The main change is the atony of the stomach and intestines and the reduced peristaltic activity. The influence of Ethosuximide is examined on smooth muscular samples of human stomach, taken in vitro using stomach resection. The medicament authoritatively reduce the spontaneous bioelectrical activity of the smooth muscular tissue, influences mainly it's components that have Ca+ nature. Together with that is indicated relaxation of the smooth muscular samples. In that research is expressed the thesis that this Ethosuximide reduction of the Ca(+)-influx in the smooth muscular cells and the related relaxation probably are one of the main reasons of the secondary effects on the GIT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Roentgenographic study of ethosuximide-induced functional changes in rat gastrointestinal tract and their modulation by Nivalin in a chronic experiment.

Ethosuximide, a typical antiabsence drug, causes gastrointestinal complaints in the drug-treated patients. In the present study we investigated in an experimental model the functional disturbances occurring in rat gastrointestinal tract (GIT) after a 100-day chronic administration of ethosuximide. Contrast radiographic study of rat gastrointestinal tract was used. The mechanical activity of GIT smooth muscle (SM) preparations was measured using an in vitro isometric technique. The 100-day ethosuximide treatment induced atonia, disturbed peristalsis, and lead to a delay of the contrast material evacuation from the gastrointestinal tract combined with a reduction of the acetylcholine effect on the contractions of GIT smooth muscles in ethosuximide-treated rats. Nivalin cannot eliminate the ethosuximide-induced disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract after a 100-day administration of ethosuximide to the rats. It is thus assumed that Nivalin is not capable of compensating the inhibiting effect of ethosuximide. The authors assume that desensitization of acetylcholine receptors may occur and this reduces the effect of Nivalin action.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Partial relaxation of diaphragm and lung function parameters.

The present study investigates the effect of partial relaxation of diaphragm on the lung functions in the absence of active lung and neuromuscular disorders. Comprehensive functional tests of the breathing was performed on 22 subjects with partial relaxation of the diaphragm (elevated hemidiaphragm) found during an X-ray study on the occasion of gastrointestinal disorder. On the basis of the results of two group of patients, one with ventilatory disorders (n = 9-4 men and 5 women) and another with normal lung ventilation (n = 13-7 men and 6 women) the conclusion was drawn that in the absence of additional pathology the partial relaxation of the diaphragm does not causes any changes in the lung function parameters with the exception of the tendency towards low values of the parameters for the respiratory muscle strength (PImax and PEmax).

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1994

The most common cause of cascade stomach.

In a random sample of 396 patients with stomach complaints, 54 were found to have cascade stomach (overall frequency 13.6%). The analysis of the results showed the leading cause of this condition to be adhesion of the front costal diaphragm sinus.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The ethosuximide-induced hyperpolarization of smooth muscle tissues--a cause of functional changes in the gastrointestinal tract of rats--is provoked by CA(2+)-dependent K(+)-efflux.

Ethosuximide is an antiepileptic drug successfully used in the treatment of petit mal especially in childhood. Clinical investigations reveal that ethosuximide has a number of adverse side effects on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of patients which may include heaviness, anorexia, pains in the region of the stomach, accompanied sometimes with nausea and vomiting. In the present study we attempt to explain the mechanisms of some of the drug's adverse side effects using an experimental animal model. White rats were employed in the experiments during which they were treated daily with ethosuximide (100 mg/kg) for 100 days. We made use of the following methods in the study: 1. Contrast X-rays study of the gastrointestinal tract. 2. Recording of the bioelectric activity of isolated smooth muscle strips using the sucrose-gap method. 3. Recording of the contractile activity of isolated smooth muscle. Characteristic changes occurring after treatment of rats with ethosuximide include atony of the stomach and the intestines, hypertonus in separate duodenal segments, diminished peristaltic activity, and delayed passage at the 24th hour. The drug inhibits the spontaneous contractile activity of isolated smooth muscle strips from rat gastrointestinal tract. In some duodenal preparations is minimised in the presence of apamin, an inhibitor of Ca2+(-dependent) K+ channels (Ka+(Ca)), while in duodenal preparations this effect may undergo a reversion. In the presence of coffeine the action of ethosuximide on the smooth musculature of rat gastrointestinal tract is reduced significantly. We hypothesis that the observed functional changes in the gastrointestinal tract occur as a result of the hyperpolarizing effect of ethosuximide on the gastrointestinal musculature caused by the outcoming K+(CA)-efflux.

Administration, Oral↗