PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V Sitprija

Publications and source records attributed to V Sitprija.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Urinary acidification in renal stone patients from northeastern Thailand.

Hypokalemia, hypokaliuria and hypocitraturia are common findings in patients with renal stone disease in Northeastern Thailand. However, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis seldom is seen. Therefore, we studied renal acidification in 29 renal stone disease patients who were living in rural Northeast Thailand. Baseline blood and average 24-hour urine biochemical parameters were measured. Hypokalemia, hypokaliuria and hypocitraturia were found in 10%, 83% and 93% of the patients, respectively. By multiple regression, urinary citrate excretion correlated positively with serum potassium and urinary potassium excretion, and negatively with urinary ammonium (r = 0.640, p = 0.005). An abnormal response to acid loading was found in only 1 patient. Thus, hypokaliuria and hypocitraturia in our renal stone disease subjects were infrequently due to distal renal tubular acidosis. Perhaps potassium depletion might be a contributing factor in these metabolic abnormalities.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1992

Effects of acute arginine loading on renal and systemic hemodynamics in dogs.

Effects of L-arginine (ARG) infusion on renal and systemic hemodynamics were studied in 12 anesthetized dogs. The experiment was performed in two groups of dogs. The dogs of group 1 (n = 6) received intravenous ARG at 2.5 mmol/kg followed by indomethacin (IND) injection (10 mg/kg) and were rechallenged with ARG at the same amount. The dogs of group 2 (n = 6) received intravenous ARG at 5 mmol/kg followed by IND injection (10 mg/kg) and were later infused with ARG at the same dose. In group 1, the first ARG infusion caused no significant changes in renal and systemic hemodynamics. During the second ARG infusion, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) were significantly increased when compared with the IND-treated period. In group 2, the first ARG infusion increased cardiac output (CO) and decreased total peripheral resistance (TPR) without significant changes in GFR and RPF. The second ARG infusion induced acute rise of both GFR and RPF approximately twofold, compared with the IND-treated period. CO was also increased significantly. Plasma glucagon levels determined in 2 dogs showed an increase following both ARG infusions. These results indicate that an acute ARG loading induces renal and systemic vasodilatation in a dose-dependent manner despite IND effect, and would indicate that increased renal hemodynamics are not prostaglandin-mediated.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Abnormal erythrocyte Na, K-ATPase activity in a northeastern Thai population.

We studied the cellular membrane enzyme responsible for potassium transport in different Thai populations. We measured plasma and intraerythrocytic concentrations of sodium and potassium, activities of erythrocytic membrane Na, K-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na, K-ATPase), ouabain-insensitive ATPase, total ATPase and the activity ratio of Na, K-ATPase/total ATPase in 25 healthy blood donors at Khon Kaen University Hospital, Khon Kaen (group 1), and in 32 donors at the National Blood Center, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok (group 2). Group 1 subjects had significantly higher concentrations of erythrocyte sodium (p < 0.001) and lower activity of Na, K-ATPase (p < 0.001) than group 2. When data of these 2 groups were combined, erythrocyte Na+ correlated inversely with Na, K-ATPase and the activity ratio of Na, K-ATPase/total ATPase. Our study suggests that there is a defect in membrane transport enzymes for sodium/potassium in certain northeast Thai populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Blood and urinary aggregator and inhibitor composition in controls and renal-stone patients from northeastern Thailand.

Renal-stone disease (RSD) is common in the rural communities of northeastern Thailand. We report the biochemical composition of blood and urine in 25 healthy city dwellers (G1), 12 healthy village dwellers (G2) and 25 village dwellers who had RSD (G3). They were male with a range of ages between 20 and 50 years and were free of renal failure, urinary infection, urinary obstruction and systemic illness. The results showed that hypocitraturia, hypokalemia and hypokaliuria were more common in the latter 2 groups. The 24-h urinary citrate excretion correlated significantly with urinary potassium in G3 cases (r = 0.704, p = 0.0002). After potassium chloride supplementation, serum and urinary potassium increased remarkably (p less than 0.003 and p = 0.002, respectively), whereas urinary citrate remained unchanged. Our results suggest that the predominant abnormality in our RSD patients were hypocitraturia and potassium deficiency and that these may be related.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Plasma amino acid patterns in normal Thais and in patients with chronic renal failure.

The effect of chronic renal failure (CRF) on the pattern of plasma free amino acid concentrations was studied in 22 healthy controls (group 1); 43 CRF patients of which serum creatinine levels were 2-4.9 mg/dl (group 2, n = 11), 5-10 mg/dl (group 3, n = 10), more than 10 mg/dl (group 4, n = 9), and chronically hemodialysed patients (group 5, n = 13). In all renal failure groups, plasma concentrations of eight free essential amino acids-isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine and those of three non-essential amino acids-alanine, glutamate and serine were significantly lower than those in controls. Plasma concentrations of free arginine, cystine, glutamate and serine were significantly higher in CRF patients. Patterns of change of plasma aminogram were similar among CRF patients regardless of the stages of renal function or dialytic treatment. Stepwise changes of some plasma free amino acids were observed as renal function became worse. The molar ratios of plasma free valine/glycine, serine/glycine and tyrosine/phenylalanine were decreased accordingly. Our study confirms the presence of abnormal plasma aminogram, specifically that of essential amino acids, in CRF. Therapeutic intervention is warranted but still needs further investigations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The use of oral essential amino acids in hemodialysis patients.

Fifteen patients with chronic renal failure, stabilized on twice weekly hemodialysis, received oral essential amino acid therapy (6.3 g/day) over a period of 12.3 months. Clinical and laboratory improvement was observed with respect to body weight, tricep skin fold thickness, mid upper arm circumference serum albumin, C3 and plasma essential amino acids. Serum triglyceride was decreased. The patients felt well with increased appetite. Essential amino acids were well tolerated without side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Renal function in obstructive jaundice in man: cholangiocarcinoma model.

Renal function with respect to water clearance and renal hemodynamics was studied in 15 patients with obstructive jaundice due to cholangiocarcinoma. The results were compared with those of the control normal subjects. There was no change in renal function in the patients with mild to moderate jaundice, with total serum bilirubin from 8.0 to 15.1 mg/dl. Increased urinary sodium excretion and decreased free water and negative water clearances were observed in the patients with severe jaundice with total serum bilirubin from 27.0 to 40.4 mg/dl and normal serum albumin. Renal blood flow was normal, but creatinine clearance was decreased. In severely jaundiced patients with serum bilirubin from 30.5 to 40.1 mg/dl and hypoalbuminemia urinary sodium excretion, free water clearance, negative water clearance, renal blood flow and creatinine clearance were decreased. There was salt and water retention in this group. The findings suggest that in severe jaundice there is inhibition of sodium chloride reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. ADH and increased hydraulic conductivity of the collecting tubules possibly contribute to decreased free water clearance. In severely jaundiced patients with hypoalbuminemia this salt losing effect is converted to salt retention by increased proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1990

Measurements of urinary state of saturation with respect to calcium oxalate and brushite (CaHPO4.2H2O) in renal stone formers.

Urinary supersaturation with respect to calcium oxalate and/or brushite (CaHPO4.2H2O) is critical for the formation of calcium stones. The aim of this study is to use concentration product ratio (CPR) as a tool to assess the state of urine saturation with respect to calcium oxalate and brushite. One 24-h urine specimen from each of 16 healthy city dwellers (GI), 18 healthy villagers (GII) and 28 villagers with renal stones (GIII) was collected and analyzed for calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphate, uric acid, citrate and oxalate. The CPRs of calcium and oxalate and of calcium and phosphate before and after equilibration of the urine with the corresponding seeding crystals were also determined. Urinary volume and the excretion rate of calcium, potassium, uric acid, citrate and oxalate of GII and of sodium, phosphate, uric acid and citrate of GIII were significantly less than those of GI. The CPRs for calcium oxalate and brushite were 2.9 +/- 0.3 and 1.7 +/- 0.2 for GI, 2.7 +/- 0.2 and 1.3 +/- 0.1 for GII and 2.5 +/- 0.2 and 1.1 +/- 0.1 for GIII, respectively. The CPR values indicated that urine of all groups was generally supersaturated with respect to calcium oxalate salt (CPRs were above 1) and were not different among the groups. With regard to brushite, urine was also supersaturated but the state of supersaturation was less than that of calcium oxalate. Furthermore, instead of being supersaturated, brushite in many urine specimens of GIII was undersaturated and its mean CPR was even significantly less than that of GI (P less than 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Acute renal failure in obstructive jaundice in cholangiocarcinoma.

This study was aimed at defining the natural history of renal failure in obstructive jaundice due to cholangiocarcinoma, which is an important health problem in northeastern Thailand. Sixty-four patients among a total of 130 patients with obstructive jaundice secondary to cholangiocarcinoma who developed acute renal failure were studied retrospectively. Analysis was made with respect to clinical features, laboratory findings, and outcome. The development of renal failure before surgery was observed in all patients. It was nonoliguric in 80% and was associated with severe jaundice, gram-negative infection (42%), hypotension (31%), hypoproteinemia (30%), hyponatremia (56%), and hypokalemia (63%). The mean duration of renal failure was 2 weeks. All patients underwent surgery for the relief of jaundice. Seventy-seven percent of the patients survived and had recovery of renal function after the relief of jaundice. Twenty-three percent of the patients died of infection. Clinical data highlight the higher serum bilirubin levels and the frequent occurrence of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypotension in renal failure. Their possible roles in contributing to the development of renal failure are discussed.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1990

Identification of urinary metabolites and quantitative measurement of creatinine by a proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry.

1H-NMR spectra of 60 human urine specimens were recorded without pretreatment by a JEOL FX 90 Q spectrometer operating at 89.55 MHz. The signals of the methyl protons of creatinine (3.04 +/- 0.02 ppm) were observed in all spot fasting morning urine samples collected from 7 healthy persons, 10 patients with nephrotic syndrome and 43 patients with diabetes mellitus. The concentrations of creatinine measured by NMR spectroscopy (Y) and the chemical assay based on the Jaffe reaction (X), over the range of 19-190 mg/dl, were compared by the least-squares linear regression analysis (Y = 6.7799 + 0.6717 X). The mean urinary creatinine concentration by NMR spectroscopy appeared to be lower than that obtained by the Jaffe reaction at the normal and high normal levels. In the urine of 20 diabetic patients with an average blood glucose of 251.30 +/- 50.26 (SD) mg/dl typical spectra of the multiple large signals of glucose protons at position from 3.13 +/- 0.04 to 4.04 +/- 0.12 (SD) ppm were shown. Moreover, some urinary metabolites and amino acids spectra were occasionally detected at one time.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1990

Low specific gravity urine with crystalluria as discriminant index for nephrolithiasis.

A community-based study for crystalluria in morning urine (MU) specimens was carried out under light microscopy. The MU specimens were collected from 29 males with renal stones (GI), 36 age-and sex-matched normal controls (GII) and 27 household members of GI who did not have stones (GIII). The findings can be summarized as follows. 1. In the groups as a whole, almost all crystal and crystal aggregate found was oxalate type and with highest prevalence in GI. 2. In urine with low specific gravity (SG) i.e. less than or equal to 0.010, prevalence of oxalate crystals in GI (57.7%) was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than in both GII (5.9%) and GIII (13%). Furthermore, at this range of SG, 15 per cent of the MU specimens in GI showed aggregation of oxalate crystals, whereas, the condition was neither found in GII nor GIII. 3. Our data suggest urine supersaturation with respect to calcium oxalate was found in both renal stone patients and normal subjects but more frequently in the former and also suggests more deficiency or lack of inhibitors for oxalate crystal nucleation and aggregation in urine of renal stone patients. The occurrence of oxalate crystals and crystal aggregates in urine of low SG may be useful as an index to discriminate stone patients from normal subjects or as an index to indicate the high risk group in the community.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Furosemide and dopamine in malarial acute renal failure.

The effects of furosemide and furosemide with dopamine on renal function were studied in 23 patients with acute renal failure due to falciparum malaria whose serum creatinine ranged from 230 to 947 mumol/l. Furosemide given intravenously at the dosage of 200 mg 6 hourly for a period of 4 days did not alter the clinical course of renal failure. Intravenous administration of furosemide (200 mg 6 hourly) with dopamine (1 microgram/kg/min) for 4 days increased creatinine clearance and arrested the progress of renal failure when the serum creatinine was less than 400 mumol/l, but failed to alter the course of renal failure when the serum creatinine exceeded 600 mumol/l.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

Norfloxacin versus co-trimoxazole for the treatment of upper urinary tract infections: a double blind trial.

The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of norfloxacin and co-trimoxazole was compared in patients with symptomatic upper urinary tract infections (UTI). Norfloxacin 400 mg or cotrimoxazole (160 mg of trimethoprim plus 800 mg of sulphamethoxazole) were given orally b.i.d. for seven days to 94 Thai patients. Clinical and bacteriological assessments were performed before and at 5, 14 and 21 days after start of treatment. Bacteriological outcome could be evaluated in 69 patients, 35 randomized to norfloxacin and 34 to co-trimoxazole. The bacteriological cure rate assessed four to seven days after treatment was significantly higher in the norfloxacin than in the co-trimoxazole group (94.3% vs. 73.5%; p less than 0.05). Few patients in each group reported mild and transient adverse effects. We conclude that norfloxacin was well tolerated and more effective than co-trimoxazole in the treatment of upper UTI.

Adolescent↗