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Biomedical subjects

V Soska

Publications and source records attributed to V Soska.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Micronized fenofibrate and LDL-cholesterol subfractions].

LDL-cholesterol subfractions have a different atherogenity; the most atherogenic are small LDL3 called small dense LDL. A clear relationship was proved between their concentration and early manifestation of ischaemic heart disease. In some instances they were found to act as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Their concentration depends to a great extent on the triacyglycerol concentration. They are found most frequently in patients with combined hyperlipidaemia, in associated metabolic syndrome and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Their plasma concentration can be reduced by non-pharmacological methods (restriction of animal fats, reduction of body weight, physical activity) as well as by pharmacological means (in particular fibrates). Micronized phenofibrate reduces significantly the concentration of small LDL3 and thus contributes to normalization of dyslipoproteinaemia and reduction of the risk of cardiovascular complications.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1998

[Direct detection of mutations in the LDL receptor gene in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia].

BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolemia is one of the most frequent hereditary metabolic diseases. As a result of the functional disorder of the molecule of the LDL receptor LDL cholesterol is not sufficiently eliminated from the blood stream and exerts an atherogenic effect. The objective of the study was to introduce direct detection of mutations in the gene for the LDL receptor and characterize the spectrum of mutations in the Czech population. METHODS AND RESULTS: The authors analyzed a group of 84 unrelated patients where on the basis of clinical and biochemical criteria the diagnosis of FH was established. From the group 12 patients were eliminated (14.3%) where a mutation 3500 in the gene for apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 was detected. This mutation is most frequently the cause of a familial defect of apo B-100 (FDB), which cannot be differentiated clinically or biochemically from FH. In the LDL receptor gene a total of 11 mutations were found in 14 unrelated patients (16.7%), incl. 7 mutations not described hitherto. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first systematic characteristic of the spectrum of mutations in the LDL receptor gene in the Czech population. Molecular genetic analysis of the gene for the LDL receptor in affected families can contribute towards early assessment of the diagnosis of FH and thus to prevention of life threatening cardiovascular episodes in asymptomatic subjects.

Apolipoprotein B-100↗
PubMed1998

Phagocyte-induced oxidative stress in patients with haemodialysis treatment and organ transplantation.

The aim of the study was to examine the phagocyte-derived production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipoperoxidation and the total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) in patients undergoing regular haemodialysis (HD) followed by kidney transplantation (n = 13). A significant increase in both spontaneous and activated ROS generation was found during the post-transplantation period in days 1-3. This effect was caused mainly by an increased number of neutrophils. On the other hand, the TRAP parameter was decreased in HD patients. After kidney transplantation, the TRAP parameter increased, reaching the level of healthy controls at the end of the first week after surgery. Increase in MDA level was determined after HD and kidney transplantation. It can be concluded from the results obtained that phagocyte mobilisation and increased oxidative stress after HD and kidney transplantation were associated with the insufficient activity of extracellular antioxidant mechanisms resulting in increased lipid peroxidation.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Free oxygen radicals in patients with diabetes mellitus].

Free oxygen radicals (FOR) are one of the factors which participate via lipoperoxides in the development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis complications affect a large part of diabetic patients. The objective of the present work was to test whether in diabetic patients there is, as compared with healthy subjects, a difference in the FOR activity and in the lipoperoxide blood level. A total of 30 patients with insulin non-dependent diabetes and a control group of 31 healthy subjects were examined. The FOR formation in blood, the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of lipid paroxidation and serum lipid concentrations were assessed. In patients with diabetes a statistically significant increase in the FOR formation in blood (p < 0.01) and an increased MDA serum concentration (p < 0.01) were found. The mean serum lipid concentrations in the two groups did not differ significantly. The results suggest a significant participation role of highly reactive oxygen species in the development of vascular atherosclerosis complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Free oxygen radicals in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia].

The authors investigated the effect of hyperlipoproteinaemia on the formation of free oxygen radicals to which a significant role in the genesis of atherosclerosis is ascribed. They cause among others peroxidation of blood lipids with formation of lipoperoxides with a higher atherogenity. Using the method of luminol-dependent chemiluminiscence, their spontaneous and activated production in phagocytic blood cells was examined in a group of patients investigated on a long-term basis on account of hyperlipoproteinaemia (n = 24). The results were compared with a group of healthy subjects (n = 20); concurrently also blood lipids were examined. The authors revealed a statistically significant reduction of the spontaneous production of free oxygen radicals in the group of patients with hyperlipoproteinaemia. On examination of the activated production the drop of oxygen radical formation was at the borderline of statistical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Free oxygen radicals in patients with hypertension].

The objective of the investigation was to test the impact of hypertension on the formation of free oxygen radicals which participate in the development of atherosclerosis. Using the method of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, the authors assessed the spontaneous and stimulated production of free oxygen radicals in phagocytic cells of complete blood in a group of healthy subjects, in not treated essential hypertension (EH), essential hypertension treated with metipranolol (Trimepranol Spofa) and EH treated with diltiazem (Blokalcin Lachema). A statistically significant increase of spontaneous and activated production of free oxygen radicals was found in the group of EH treated with diltiazem. Differences between the group of healthy subjects, untreated EH and hypertension treated with metipranolol were not statistically significant.

Adult↗