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Biomedical subjects

V Spicák

Publications and source records attributed to V Spicák.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Pharmacokinetics and chronotherapy of delayed action theophylline (Euphyllin CR)].

Monitoring of theophyllinaemia in the course of 24 h during treatment with theophylline anhydrate capsules (Euphyllin CR) was used in 20 children (9-15 years) and in 20 adults (18-61 years) with bronchial asthma. The doses used in children were 5.96 mg/kg at 7 a.m. and 10.2 mg/kg at 7 p.m., while in adults the morning and evening doses were similar (4.35 and 4.89 mg/kg). After the first dose in the morning the serum theophylline concentration (STC) did not differ in children and adults (10.4 and 10.5 mg/l). In adults the half-time of absorption was twice as high as in children (0.63 and 0.3 h), as well as the time when the peak theophylline concentration was reached (2.7 and 1.39 h). In children a double dose of the drug at night ensured a STC of 11.2 mg/l and a maximum theophyllinaemia (C max = 13.5 mg/l between 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. (measured by the EMIT method). In adults the values during the night were significantly lower than in day-time (STC: ANOVA test P less than 0.05, C max: T-test P less than 0.01). The percentage fluctuation in individual subjects was small (36-49) interindividual, fluctuations in children and adults were considerable (105 to 207). From the chronoprofile of the pharmacokinetics of Euphyllin CR ensues that at the age of 9-15 years the most important indicators are similar to those in adults and that both groups should be given at night a double dose, as compared with that administered in the morning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of specific antibodies to all classes, including IgE, against pollen allergens using the ELISA test].

The authors describe a modification of the immunoenzymatic test suitable for estimation (sensitive dedection) of specific antibodies against pollen allergens of all classes of immunoglobulins, incl. specific IgE. When introducing the method, sera of experimental rabbits immunized with selected allergens were used. After elaboration of suitable conditions, the method was used to assess the presence of specific antibodies in sera of patients with the diagnosis of pollinosis. It was found that the most suitable concentration of pollen allergen combined with the solid phase for detection of specific IgE is 100 micrograms/ml, the optimal concentration of glutaraldehyde used to increase the amount of allergen combined with the solid phase by its polymerization and fixation is 0.25%. The use of the method does not call for special equipment and uses locally produced products. The method is useful for supplementing the diagnosis and its more accurate assessment under clinical conditions when biological tests cannot be used for diagnosis. The test makes monitoring during immunotherapy possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Use of the interruption method in the measurement of respiratory tract resistance in children].

In a group of 50 children with a negative case- history as regards airways and lacking acute respiratory disease, the authors assessed the resistance of the airways on a whole-body plethysmograph and by using the interruptor method on a Bronchoscreen (Jaeger) apparatus. The authors found a satisfactory correlation of the two methods (r = 0.7). When relating the resulting values of resistance to height, greater differences were found between the two methods in younger children; with increasing height the differences disappear. For the relationship of the resistance assessed by the interruptor method and height in our group a Rint regression equation was calculated [kPa/(l/s)] = -0.00765 X height (cm) + 1,565.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The further development of bronchial asthma which began in childhood].

The paper evaluates the contemporary health status in 115 former child asthmatics, investigated in the past at the allergological department of the First Paediatric Clinic and Faculty Policlinic in Prague-Motol. The data were obtained by processing of a questionnaire and retrospective analysis of the patients' health records. The mean age of the investigated group is 26 years (21-37) incl. 77 men and 38 women. Of these 85, i.e. 74%, still suffer from asthma in adult age, incl. almost half (55 patients) who suffer from the milder form, only one quarter suffers from the more severe form (30 patients) and in one quarter the quiescent stage has been reached. In those where asthma persists there is concurrent eczema (26%), pollinosis (44%), other forms of allergy (43%). Where asthma is in the quiescent stage, eczema is present in 10%, pollinosis in 33% and other allergies in 27% of the investigated subjects. A greater probability of favourable development is in boys as compared with girls and in those without a family-history of allergy and where the disease developed only during late childhood and the patients themselves do not suffer from any other allergosis. A positive family-history of allergy, early onset of the disease and concurrent eczema signalize a poorer prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Allergogenous mites (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) in private recreation houses.

The bed fauna of periodically inhabited dwellings markedly differs from the bed fauna in town apartments, both in quantity--a higher number of mites and quality--an important dominance of the species Euroglyphus maynei which makes up 70.4% of mites in country cottages, but only 28% in town apratments used by the owners of such recreation houses. In other apartments it is very rare. There differences are explained by the specific regime of humidity and temperature in the periodically inhabited rooms. The patients' worsening condition is apparently caused by quantitative changes.

Allergens↗
PubMed1978

Investigations on the fauna of beds in flats, children's sanatoria and old-age homes.

An analysis was carried of the fauna found in 338 beds from two old-age homes and from flats inhabited by asthmatic children. During hospitalization of these children the fauna in the flats was compared with that found in beds used by them in sanatoria. The most abundant species proved to be Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus that is also widely spread in other countries of Europe. The bed fauna in the sanatoria is very poor, corresponding to the improved state of health of patients during hospitalization. The authors assume that the low population density of fauna is influenced by constant airing of rooms and by strict separation of bedrooms from dining halls and other premises. Also the number of mites in different padding material used in mattresses was evaluated and an analysis of the general fauna per bed was carried out.

Aged↗