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V Suvatte

Publications and source records attributed to V Suvatte.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Efficacy of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine in long term prevention of HBV infection.

Efficacy of HBV vaccine in long term prevention of HBV infection was evaluated at 3 years after vaccination in 38 children and 61 adults. All vaccinees were negative for all HBV markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc) before vaccination. Vaccines (Hevac B) were given for 3 doses, one month apart, to 38 children aged 1 month - 14 years and 61 adults aged 15-45 years. After 3 years of vaccination, blood specimens were collected for the determination of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc. The results revealed that no HBsAg antigenemia was found in all 99 vaccinees. Anti-HBs could not be detected in 4 children and 11 adults and this occurred only in the group of subjects who had initial anti-HBs less than 100 mlU/ml at 2 months after the last dose of vaccination. At three years after the first course of vaccination, 89.4 percent of children and 83.4 percent of adults still have anti-HBs above protective level (more than 10 mlU/ml) with geometric mean titers of 101 and 35 mlU/ml in children and in adult groups, respectively. The anti-HBc was detected in 2 out of 38 children and 10 out of 61 adults, but none of them became chronic hepatitis B carriers or developed clinical disease. It is recommended that everyone with anti-HBs values below 100 mlU/ml two months after the last dose of vaccine should be revaccinated with a booster dose within 6 months. Those with anti-HBs levels higher than 100 mlU/ml, should be checked up at 3 years; if the anti-HBs is less than 10 mlU/ml, they should be revaccinated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Kinetics of lymphocyte subpopulations in dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome.

A kinetic study of lymphocyte subpopulations was performed in 61 dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS) patients aged 8 months to 12 years and in 59 age-matched normal controls. There were 36 patients in grade 2 and 25 patients in grade 3 of the disease severity. The studies were performed on febrile stage, the day of subsidence of fever or shock stage, 3 subsequent days after subsidence of fever or shock, and once on the recovery stage (approximately 14-18 days after subsidence of fever or shock). The study revealed that the absolute total lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and HNK-1+ cells were decreased on febrile stage and their lowest values were noted on the first day of subsidence of fever or shock, while B1+ cells were in the normal range. Thereafter, all lymphocyte subpopulations were increased. The total lymphocytes, B1+ and CD8+ cells were rapidly increased and were above normal value on day 2 after subsidence of fever or shock (early convalescence), then gradually declined to the normal range. In contrast, CD3+, CD4+ and HNK-1+ cells were increased gradually and reached their normal values on day 2 after subsidence of fever or shock. The T4:T8 ratio began to reverse on the day of subsidence of fever or shock, reached its peak on day 2 after shock and returned to normal ratio rapidly thereafter. Thus, the absolute lymphopenia on the day of shock was due to the decrement or T cells (both CD4+ and CD8+ cells) and HNK-1+ cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1987

Active pre-exposure immunisation against hepatitis B virus: immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in healthy Thai adults and children.

The immunogenicity of plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine (Hevac B) was studied for active pre-exposure immunisation in 176 healthy volunteer adults and 162 randomised children who had no hepatitis B virus markers. All subjects received three injections of 5 micrograms of hepatitis B vaccine intramuscularly at one month intervals. Seroconversion at 2 months after the third dose of vaccine was 96.30 percent in the children and 92.00 percent in the adults with mean anti-HBs titres of 800 mlU/ml and 353 mlU/ml respectively. The difference of anti-HBs levels between these two groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Female adults had exhibited higher immune response to HB vaccine than male adults but there was no seroconversion difference between boys and girls. There were no serious local or systemic side effects of hepatitis B vaccination. It was concluded that active immunisation with plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine in non-immune children and adults is highly effective without any serious side effects or complications. The prevention of horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus should be done by vaccination in children since they have a much better immune response to hepatitis B vaccine than adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Persistent HBsAg antigenemia in newborn infants following intrauterine HBV infection. Cause for the failure of the prevention of perinatal HBV transmission].

In areas with high carrier rates for hepatitis B the combination of hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine prevent perinatal infection in 90-95% of the newborn infants. Since 1979 the failure of perinatal prevention of hepatitis B infection was observed in only two cases. Evidence of intrauterine infection is presented in these two cases.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1986

Efficacy of hepatitis-B immunoglobulin and hepatitis-B vaccine in prevention of the HBsAg carrier state in newborn infants of mothers who are chronic carriers of HBsAg and HBeAg.

Combined prophylaxis of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with hepatitis-B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and hepatitis-B vaccine was investigated in 40 infants born to HBeAg positive carrier mothers. The efficacy of two combined prophylaxis schedules was compared to 78 similar infants in the control group receiving no treatment, by following the HBV markers at regular intervals up to one year of age. In both schedules, the HBIG and HBV vaccine were given at birth, followed by HBV vaccine given at 30 days and 60 days (group I) or 180 days (group II) of age. The incidence of persistent HBsAg carrier in infants born to HBeAg positive carrier mothers was significantly reduced from 92.6 percent at one year of age in the control group to zero percent (group I) and 11.5 percent (group II) in the treated groups. There was no statistical significant difference in the efficacy of these two combined prophylaxis schedules. HBIG given at birth did not interfere with infant immune response to the hepatitis B vaccine. At twelve months of age, anti-HBs could be detected in 77.8 percent of infants in group I and 89.5 percent in group II with mean titre of 621.4 and 1148.0 in group I and group II respectively. It was concluded that combined prophylaxis with HBIG and hepatitis-B vaccine immediately after birth is the best method for prevention of HBV perinatal transmission from HBeAg positive carrier mothers to their infants.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1985

Susceptibility to varicella-zoster virus in Thai children and young adults.

During 1982-1983, susceptibility to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in 224 Thai subjects at high risk for varicella infection was studied. The immune adherence hemagglutination (IAHA) and VZ skin test were carried out to determine VZV immunity in immunocompromised children and young adults. The history of varicella and herpes zoster from each subject was recorded. The mean +/- SD age in children and young adults were 7.3 +/- 2.8 and 19.6 +/- 1.2. Negative IAHA test was found in 74.2% of 62 children and 35.2% of 162 young adults. The increase in immune individuals was demonstrated with advancing age. Response to VZ skin test showed positive results in 79 of 162 (48.8%) young adults. The seronegativity was related to the negative VZ skin test (p less than 0.001, X2 test). Regardless of antibody detection or VZ skin test, 47 of 162 (29%) young adults were susceptible. According to the positive history of varicella and of herpes zoster obtained from 95 young adults, 80% had developed varicella during 1 to 10 years of age and 8.8% had positive history of herpes zoster. The findings suggest that the IAHA and VZ skin test should be used together for assessing VZ immunity. Varicella vaccination is highly recommended for susceptible persons who may develop severe illness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in Thailand.

Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from asymptomatic HBsAg carrier mothers to their infants was studied in 78 mother-infant pairs by determination of HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBe both in the mothers and in their infants at regular intervals for those children up to the time when they reached at least one year of age. Twenty-five out of the 78 (32.1%) infants born to these mothers were HBsAg-positive 2-6 months after birth and they remained so throughout the observation period of at least one year or more. Perinatal HBV transmission occurred only in infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers who were HBeAg-positive (92.6%) but not in those born to HBsAg carrier mothers who had no detectable HBeAg. This study suggests that preventive measures against HBV transmission during the perinatal period should be taken only for infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers who are HBeAg-positive. In addition, the active immune response to HBV was studied in 75 non-HBsAg carrier infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers by determination of anti-HBs at one year of age or older. Forty-three of these infants were treated with HBIG at birth and 32 infants received no treatment. It was found that infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers who were HBeAg-positive had a better active immune response (84.2% positive for anti-HBs) than infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers who had no detectable HBeAg or anti-HBe (14.3% and 20.4% positive for anti-HBs respectively).

Carrier State↗
PubMed1984

Detection of varicella-zoster antibody by immune adherence hemagglutination test.

The immune adherence hemagglutination (IAHA) is a more sensitive and specific test for evaluation of humoral immunity to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) than a conventional complement fixation (CF) test. The equipment, reagents, procedure used in the IAHA are basically the same as those employed in the CF test. After VZ vaccination, seroconversions detected by IAHA test were significantly greater than those by CF test (P less than 0.01, chi 2 test). Moreover, the IAHA titers were higher about 4 times (G.M. 30.9 vs 8.2) and persisted longer than CF titers. Although the IAHA antigen is not a commercial product, the IAHA is sensitive and suitable assay for VZ antibody determination in routine serological laboratory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Vaccination against hepatitis B virus infection in neonates.

The efficacy of hepatitis B virus vaccine to prevent the vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers was assessed in 20 mother-infant pairs. A dose of 10 micrograms of HBV vaccine was injected intramuscularly at 0, 30 and 180 days after birth to newborn infants. Neither local nor systemic reaction was observed after the administration of HBV vaccine. The incidence of persistent HBsAg carrier infants born from e-antigen positive HBsAg carrier mothers in HBV vaccine treated group was only 37.5% at one year of age as compared to 85.7% in the untreated control group. Anti-HBs developed in 88.2% of infants after the third dose of HBV vaccination with a mean anti-HBs titer of 1733.1 IU/l. It is concluded that HBV vaccine was effective and safe in reducing the rate of vertical transmission of HBV from the HBsAg carrier mothers to their infants. The vaccine was also immunogenic since almost 90% of the immunized infants were able to produce anti-HBs antibody in high titer after the third dose of vaccination.

Adult↗