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Biomedical subjects

V T Ivashkin

Publications and source records attributed to V T Ivashkin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Diagnostic difficulties and errors in early stomach cancer].

Difficulties that occur in the diagnosis of early gastric carcinoma (EGC) were studied on a material of 1617 prophylactic endoscopic examinations of persons who did not make any complaints of the alimentary organs and 2158 primary gastroscopies performed in accordance with the patients' complaints, results of the dispensary follow-up of 811 patients who made up a risk group, and an analysis of case reports of 183 patients in whom EGC was confirmed by surgery. The authors emphasize a high percentage of errors determined by the lack of the pathognomonic symptomatology, difficulties of interpreting the endoscopic appearance and histologic confirmation of carcinoma. To improve early diagnosis of gastric carcinoma (GC), it is recommended that every endoscopic investigation be performed with oncological apprehension, paying attention even to the minimum focal changes in the gastric mucosa and making spot biopsy of those changes. It is also advisable that a more strict approach should be exercised to the formation of risk groups, restricting them to the patients at greater risk for GC or with unrecognized GC (first revealed and poorly healing ulcers, polyps measuring over 2 cm in diameter, grade III dysplasia discovered in gastric biopsy specimens). Such patients should be placed under dispensary observation including endoscopy which is to be made in the first stage after 1, 3 and 6 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and treatment aspects of Legionella infection].

The article studies the modern problems of legionellosis infection and gives data concerning epidemiological aspects of this disease, especially clinical course of its types (pneumonia, acute respiratory viral infection syndrome, alveolitis, pleuritis), as well as methods of bacteriological and serological diagnostics, and etiotropic treatment. The authors use their own materials to describe the restricted outbreak of legionellosis infection and sporadic cases of this disease. The article makes clinic classification of legionellosis taking into account various publications and the proper experience of the authors.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Theory of universal functional blocks and fundamental biomedical problems].

The paper presents the main aspects of the theory of elementary functional blocks. In accordance with the theory considered high specialization of the complex functions could be reached due to the recombination and transposition of a large though limited set of molecular machines realizing elementary biological operations. The authors proved that the theory of universal functional blocks became a fundamental aspect of the medical theory as it permitted one not only to explain and classify a certain part of clinical and clinicophysiological phenomenology but was of significant prognostic value.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The clinico-pathogenetic variants of cholestasis in different liver diseases].

To base the clinico-pathogenetic nonuniformity of cholestasis in different liver diseases, 135 patients distributed into groups were examined. Group I was made up of 48 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, group II of 34 patients with chronic active hepatitis, group III of 29 patients with liver cirrhosis, and group IV of 24 patients with primary and metastatic liver carcinoma. The data obtained suggest the existence of different forms of cholestasis: multicomponent cholestasis, partial bilirubin cholestasis, partial choleacid cholestasis. In the group I patients, the incidence of cholestasis was 8.3%, in group II 2.9%, in group III 3.4%. The incidence of partial choleacid cholestasis was 4.2% in group I, 2.9% in group II, and 6.9% in group III. The presence of partial cholestasis may be caused by the impairment of the assumed "personal" carrier for different bile components.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The outpatient treatment possibilities for patients with exacerbated peptic ulcer].

The efficacy of hospital and ambulatory treatment of patients with peptic ulcer exacerbation was compared. 209 patients were treated in the hospital and 116 on an ambulatory basis. No appreciable differences were found in the times of the removal of the painful syndrome or gastroduodenal ulcer healing. At the same time early relapses were recorded in 26.4% of the inpatients and in 14.9% of the outpatients. Indications for the treatment of outpatients with gastroduodenal ulcers were developed: rare relapses, lack of complications, moderate painful syndrome, small ulcer dimensions, a possibility of arranging good treatment and control over ulcer healing, favourable living conditions, and being in a positive mood for outpatient treatment.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1991

[Morphofunctional elements of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis].

Nineteen patients with acute pancreatitis were examined for the activity of LDH, NADH-tetrazolium oxidoreductase, acid phosphatase, the content of calcium salts, cAMP and cGMP in biopsy tissue of the pancreas; pancreatic enzymes and bicarbonates in the duodenal contents and pancreatic juice. The activity of enzymes participating in oxidative metabolism in epithelial cells of the intact pancreas appeared elevated. During the development of destructive changes in the pancreatic parenchyma, the processes of intracellular oxidation get inhibited, the enzymes go out into the intercellular space, calcium transport gets impaired, and acid phosphatase is activated. It has been found that in acute destructive pancreatitis, primarily impaired are epithelial cells of the islets, followed by the impairment of the epithelium of the acini and at the last moment of that of the excretory ducts. The data obtained enable one to regard cyclonucleotides, calcium, pancreatic enzymes and lysosomal hydrolases as pathogenetic elements of acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Prolonged cardioselective blockade of beta-1 adrenoreceptors in combination with increased diuresis as a method of choice in the treatment of hypertension].

The clinical effects of Tenoric, a long-acting combined drug (atenolol and chlorthalidone in a tablet), were studied in 31 patients with Stages I and II hypertensive disease, by using echocardiography, daily automatic blood pressure monitoring, bicycle ergometry, measurements of plasma renin and aldosterone. The drug was found to be highly clinically effective in labile and sustained hypertension. When given once or twice a day, it makes it possible to reliably monitor blood pressure, improve hemodynamic parameters, as reflected by lower cardiac output and decreased peripheral vascular resistance, reduce the estimated mass of the left myocardium, alleviate a pressor response to exercise and enhance its tolerance, lower plasma renin levels. The side effects of the drug are minimal and include moderate bradycardia. Peripheral vasospasm and systemic weakness were observed in single cases. There were no atherogenic changes in lipid spectrum and disturbed glucose and uric acid metabolism during the drug therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Hepatitis B virus markers in the internist's practice].

Three various forms of contact or its consequences are recognized for hepatitis B virus and human body; acquired immunity to HBV, HBV persistence, HBV replication. Two forms of seroconversion (transfer of HBeAg into anti-HBe serum) are demonstrated. One of them occurs commonly and has a good prognosis, the other emerges rarely and runs a severe course likely to end in life-threatening complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[The specificity of the peripheral blood changes in patients with gastric peptic ulcer].

Leucocytes were studied in 112 patients with ulcer disease of the stomach in comparison with periods of existence of an ulcer defect of the gastric mucosa. Methods of statistical analysis allowed to establish that the peripheral blood shows phasic changes in the absolute content of the leucocytes and their forms, pathogenetically related to the course of the reparative process.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Hepatic disorders and nephropathies as the criteria of the severity of general hypothermia].

Comprehensive examination of 27 subjects who had suffered from supercooling in cold water and autopsy evidence on 7 victims of general supercooling provided data on structural and functional impairment of the liver and kidneys varying in gravity and duration. The highest informative value in the diagnosis of hepato- and nephropathies belongs to biochemical tests able to detect hyperbilirubinemia, aminotransferase hyperactivity, elevated levels of blood urea and creatinine++. The underlying pathological mechanism in the liver and kidney under supercooling is disturbed microcirculation. The severity and duration of hepato- and nephropathy depend on the seriousness of general cooling.

Adult↗