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V Tandon

Publications and source records attributed to V Tandon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Effect of root-tuber extract of Flemingia vestita, a leguminous plant, on Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex and Fasciolopsis buski: a scanning electron microscopy study.

The tegumental surface of Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex as viewed under the scanning electron microscope revealed the presence of double rows of spines in the collar. The dorsal surface (6-8 rows) and the ventral surface are provided with posteriorly directed spines. The normal body surface of Fasciolopsis buski shows posteriorly directed scales throughout the ventral surface; the dorsal surface is free of any scales but has domed, coarsely distributed papillae. When treated in vitro with ethanol root-tuber extract of Flemingia vestita, an indigenous medicinal plant in Meghalaya, India, at a concentration of 5, 10, and 20 mg/ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), A. sufrartyfex became paralyzed within 1.1-1.4, 0.8-1.0, and 0.3-0.5 h, respectively. Following similar treatment, F. buski took 3.0-3.6, 1.5-2.0, and 0.6-0.8 h, respectively, to reach a paralytic state. Oxyclozanide B.P. was used as the reference drug and paralyzed the worm, taking slightly less time than the crude extract for both species of flukes. Stereoscanning observations on the tegumental surface of treated (20 mg extract/ml PBS) A. sufrartyfex revealed sloughing off of most of the spines or their deformation as well as wrinkles and rupture of the general tegument. Severe tegumental alterations and deformities were also displayed by F. buski exposed to 20 mg extract/ml PBS.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Spinal problems in mucopolysaccharidosis I (Hurler syndrome).

Bone-marrow transplantation has increased the survival of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis-I. We describe the spinal problems and their management in 12 patients with this disorder who have been followed up for a mean of 4.5 years since transplantation. High lumbar kyphosis was seen in ten patients which was associated with thoracic scoliosis in one. Isolated thoracic scoliosis was seen in another. One patient did not have any significant problems in the thoracic or lumbar spine but had odontoid hypoplasia, which was also seen in three other children. Four of the eight patients in whom MRI of the cervical spine had been performed had abnormal soft tissue around the tip of the odontoid. Neurological problems were seen in two patients. In one it was caused by cord compression in the lower dorsal spine 9.5 years after posterior spinal fusion for progressive kyphosis, and in the other by angular kyphosis with thecal indentation in the high thoracic spine associated with symptoms of spinal claudication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Seasonal prevalence of some zoonotic trematode infections in cattle and pigs in the north-east montane zone in India.

Seasonal variations in the prevalence of Fasciola gigantica and Eurytrema pancreaticum in cattle, and Opisthorchis noverca, Artyfechinostomum malayanum, Fasciolopsis buski and Gastrodiscoides hominis in pigs, were studied post-necropsy over a 1 year period in a humid, subtropical north-east hilly region in India. The overall prevalence rate was 53.02% in cattle (n = 960) and 12.92% in pigs (n = 960). Fasciola gigantica and E. pancreaticum occurred throughout the year with peaks during cold winter months. Both species showed a high intensity of infection in winter and a low intensity during summer and autumn. The rate of infection due to A. malayanum, Fasciolopsis buski and G. hominis rose to a peak during June-September and thereafter declined to a low level (November-March). Except for the month of February, O. noverca occurred throughout the year, with the highest rate of infection in late autumn and winter. The abundance of infection due to A. malayanum, Fasciolopsis buski and G. hominis was high during late summer and early autumn. Opisthorchis noverca showed a higher density during late autumn and winter.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Helminth parasitism of domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus L.) in a subtropical high-rainfall area of India.

An investigation into the helminth parasitic infections of domestic fowl in a subtropical area of India, based on an autopsy of 532 chickens, revealed a 90.9% prevalence of infection. 10 species of helminths were encountered, of which Capillaria contorta was recorded for the first time from fowls in India. Ascaridia galli was the most prevalent species, followed by Raillietina spp. and Heterakis gallinae. The infection by trematodes appeared to be very rare. The helminth fauna of fowls in this climatic area was compared with that of fowls in other areas of the world and found to differ in respect of prevalence and incidence of various parasitic species. The role of the climate in the distribution and in regulating populations of parasitic species is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Nematode parasite infections of domestic pigs in a sub-tropical and high-rainfall area of India.

Fourteen hundred and ninety-six domestic pigs, Sus scrofa domestica L., from a sub-tropical and high-rainfall area of India were examined over a period of 18 months to ascertain their nematode parasite spectrum. The eleven species recovered, arranged in descending order of prevalence, are as follows: Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum dentatum, Bourgelatia diducta, Stephanurus dentatus, Globocephalus connorfilii, Physocephalus sexalutus, Ascarops dentata, A. strongylina, Pseudocruzia orientalis, Setaria bernardi and Gnathostoma hispidum. This is also the first report of the occurrence of Setaria bernardi in pigs in India. A. Suum, the most prevalent species (51.67%) found in the pigs of the region, is presumably of zoonotic importance. Another species of public health significance that was encountered in the survey was Gnathostoma hispidum. The overall infection rate was considerably higher (76.42%) in the low-altitude region than in the high-altitude one (62.50%). The highest level of infection (73.2%) was observed during autumn and the lowest (63.0%) in winter.

Altitude↗
PubMed1989

Gastrointestinal nematode infections of goats in a sub-tropical and humid zone of India.

Twelve hundred and twenty-eight goats (Capra hircus L.) from a sub-tropical and humid zone of India were examined for gastrointestinal nematodes. The species encountered in the region were: Haemonchus contortus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Trichuris globulosa, O. aspersum, and T. ovis. The overall infection rate was 86.8%. Among various species found, H. contortus emerged as the most prevalent, although B. trigonocephalum and O. columbianum were also significantly in evidence. The seasonal fluctuation in infection was assessed by monitoring the faecal egg count of 1638 goats slaughtered during the 1-year period. The maximum values for the prevalence and overall mean eggs g-1 of faeces (EPG) were observed after the heavy rainfall season and remained at a relatively high level from July to December. H. contortus and O. columbianum appear to be of major importance as parasites in the goats of this climatic zone; the role of climatic factors in their prevalence is discussed.

Ancylostomatoidea↗
PubMed1986

Nervous system in Olveria indica, a rumen paramphistome (Digenea) of bovines, as revealed by non-specific esterase staining.

On the basis of esterase localization the complete nervous system has been visualized in Olveria indica Thapar & Simha, 1945, a paramphistome from the rumen of cattle, recorded for the first time from the north-east region of India. The basic number of posterior longitudinal nerves (i.e., 3 pairs) is the same as in other paramphistomes; four pairs of anterior longitudinal nerves are present, there being an extra pair of pharyngeal nerves. Conspicuous differences in the innervation patterns were observed, mainly in the innervation of the genital atrial region and acetabulum. The presence of prominent longitudinal connections, joining the anterior and posterior dorsal nerves and the anterior and posterior ventral nerves on either side, is a feature not hitherto found in other paramphistome species. The details of the course of all the nerves and their branches are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Sequence organization of rat brain mitochondrial DNA.

The sequence organization of rat brain and liver mitochondrial (mt) DNA has been characterized using restriction endonucleases HindIII, BamHI, HhaI, and HaeIII. There is no evidence of heterogeneity on the base sequence of liver or brain mt DNA. The liver and brain mtDNAs were found to produce identical DNA fragments using these enzymes. Both the liver and brain mtDNA were analyzed by enzymatic digestions using HpaII/MspI. There was no evidence of the presence of methylated cytosine residues. Six different recombinant DNA molecules were analyzed by HindIII restriction digests and found to contain all of the 6 mtDNA fragments. Recombinant DNA molecules were analyzed for their molecular sizes by electron microscopy. The recombinant DNAs again showed the mtDNA fragments to have the right molecular weight. The molecular sizes of the recombinant DNA molecules were found to be 10.4, 7.4, 6.1, 5.7, 4.7 and 4.1 kilobase pairs (kbp). These molecular sizes reflect the insertion of 6.1, 3.8, 2.3, 1.9, 0.8 and 0.1 kbp HindIII mtDNA fragments in pBR322. The presence of mtDNA fragments in recombinant DNA molecules was also confirmed by hybridizing the nick translated brain mtDNA with Southern transfers of the recombinant DNA molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Scanning electron microscopic observations on the tegumental surfaces of two rumen flukes (Trematoda: Paramphistomata).

The surface microtopography of Calicophoron papillosum (Stiles & Goldberger) and C. calicophorum (Fischoeder), inhabiting the rumen of sheep, has been studied by SEM. In C. papillosum, conspicuous transverse ridges encircle the mid-body, gradually lessening dorsally towards the posterior end. The general body surface is aspinose and smooth except for minute bead-like tubercles in the circumoral area. Two types of putative sensory structures-domed aciliate papillae and tegumental pits-are present. Their characteristic aggregation in certain regions and their distribution in other parts of the body is described. A unique pattern of ridges, confined only to the base of the genital papilla and the genital atrium, has been observed. In C. calicophorum, tegumental folds encircle the body, these are more numerous near the anterior end and fewer posteriorly. The oral area has numerous concentric folds with domed aciliate papillae; between or on the papillae are tegumental elevated pits from the centre of which a knob-like structure protrudes. These sensory structures occur to a lesser extent in the acetabular area.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Modification of the mutagenic activity of propane sultone by some phenolic antioxidants.

The effects of three phenolic antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and propyl gallate on the mutagenic activity of propane sultone were studied using barley as the test system. The antioxidants produced seedling injury marginally but did not produce any chromosomal aberrations. When administered either prior to propane sultone treatment or in a mixture with it, the seedling injury, chromosomal aberrations, mutations per 100 M1 spikes as well as M2 chlorophyll mutation frequency, were enhanced. On the other hand, however, posttreatments reduced M1 spike sterility, mutations per 100 M1 spikes and M2 chlorophyll mutation frequency. The spectrum of chlorophyll mutations was also broadened in the presence of these antioxidants.

Anisoles↗
PubMed1981

Stereocan observations on the surface topography of Gastrothylax crumenifer (Creplin, 1847) Poirier, 1883 and Paramphistomum epiclitum Fischoeder, 1904 (Trematoda: Digenea).

The critical-point-dried specimens of Gastrothylax crumenifer (Creplin, 1847) Poirier, 1883 and Paramphistomum epiclitum Fischoeder, 1904, both recovered from the rumen of sheep, were studied by scanning electron microscopy at magnifications ranging from 10 to 10,000x to reveal the structural differences of the tegument between the two species. In G. crumenifer, both dorsal and ventral surfaces have tubercle-like tegumental elevations, devoid of spines. A row of prominent, regularly arranged, button-like protuberances encircle the rim of mouth. It is suggested that these are sensory in nature. The lining of the buccal tube also bears papillae, some of which appear balloon-like. The tegument near the outer acetabular rim is thrown into prominent ridges bearing groups of six to eight small papilla-like elevations. Towards the interior of the acetabular cavity this pattern merges into one with stout, finger-like projections with groups of papillae at their blunt tips. From their structure, these projections appear to aid strong anchorage to the host's surface and the papillae to be secretory. P. epiclitum has a similar tuberculated pattern on the dorsal and ventral surfaces. In the oral region, the tegument has some irregular, patch-like elevated areas. The acetabular surface is thrown into a pattern of deep folds and craters.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT diagnosis of Meckel diverticulum in a paracolic internal hernia.

The autopsy incidence of internal hernia has been reported to be between 0.2% and 0.9%, and these hernias are usually diagnosed on imaging due to their complications or at surgery. Meckel diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, occurring in 1% to 3% of the population according to autopsy studies. The condition also is usually diagnosed at surgery, by barium studies or scintigraphy, or on cross-sectional imaging due to complications. We present an unusual case of a large Meckel diverticulum in a right paracolic hernia diagnosed on multidetector computed tomography. This diagnosis was made after attacks of subacute intestinal obstruction with the aid of multiplanar reconstructions. This case emphasizes the role of multidetector computed tomography and postprocessing techniques such as multiplanar reconstruction in the diagnosis of bowel pathology.

Adult↗