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Biomedical subjects

V Traina

Publications and source records attributed to V Traina.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) versus conventional IVF on abattoir-derived and in vitro-matured equine oocytes.

Conventional IVF as well as several assisted microfertilization techniques have shown limited success in the horse. After recent positive results achieved with intracytoplasmic injection of a single spermatozoon (ICSI) in human IVF, we chose to try the method in the horse. We compared conventional IVF to ICSI by fertilization rates of oocytes with compact and expanded cumuli and by developmental potential of the resulting embryos. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained by aspirating the follicular fluid from the ovaries of slaughtered mares. Complexes showing complete cumulus investment, either compact or expanded, were randomly assigned to IVF or ICSI trials and separately cultured for IVM. Frozen-thawed stallion spermatozoa were prepared for IVF with a swim-up procedure conducted in Talp-Hepes with heparin or for ICSI in Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) supplemented with human serum albumin (HSA). Oocytes for IVF were partially decumulated by pipetting, whereas those for ICSI were totally denuded with 80 UI/ml hyaluronidase. Oocytes were fixed, stained and examined for signs of fertilization the day after IVF or ICSI. The percentage of normally fertilized oocytes showing 2 pronuclei or cleavage was significantly higher with ICSI than IVF (29.8%, 17/57 vs 8.7%, 9/103 ; P < 0.01). Significantly higher fertilization rates were observed in oocytes retrieved with an expanded cumulus when submitted to ICSI procedure as compared with IVF (52.2%, 12/23 vs 17.1%, 6 35 ; P < 0.01), whereas in oocytes recovered with a compact cumulus, fertilization rates were low (14.7%, 5/34 with ICSI and 4.4%, 3 68 with IVF; NS). Embryonal development did not occur after culture following IVF, as indicated by absence of cleavage in any of the 93 inseminated oocytes. Following ICSI, 7 of 55 injected oocytes cleaved, 5 of which had shown expanded cumuli; of the 5, 2 were at the 16-cell stage and one each at the 8-, 3- and 2-cell stage, respectively. The other 2 fertilized oocytes, originating from compact cumuli, reached 4- and 8- cell stages, respectively. These results indicate that ICSI can be applied successfully to in-vitro matured equine oocytes to increase the fertilization rates. In addition, it seems that in vitro cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes issuing from a compact cumulus may not be complete enough to lead to a successful fertilization and that ICSI may be a tool to evaluate ooplasmic maturation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Exocervical pregnancy.

A case of cervical pregnancy with implantation of the fertilized ovum on the exocervix is described. This pregnancy was mistaken for an endometriotic lesion and treated by simple surgical excision. Discussion is centered on etiology, predisposing factors and management.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effects of follicular fluid supplementation of in-vitro maturation medium on the fertilization and development of equine oocytes after in-vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the addition of follicular fluid (FF) collected from preovulatory follicles with that of oestrous mare serum (EMS) (acting as the control) to TCM-199 medium on the in-vitro maturation, fertilization and development of equine cumulus-enclosed oocytes. Oocytes (<30 mm in diameter) were obtained from the ovaries of slaughtered mares. After in-vitro maturation in the presence of the two supplements, their fertilization, cleavage and developmental potential were compared after conventional in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Follicular fluid did not increase the maturation of oocytes to metaphase II stage compared to control. After IVF, there was no difference in fertilization rates between FF-supplemented oocytes and controls (7/87, 8.4% of oocytes showing two pronuclei with FF versus 7/116, 6% with EMS; not significant). However, after ICSI, FF-supplemented oocytes showed significantly increased normal fertilization (32/85, 37.6% of two-pronuclear oocytes) and developmental potential (15/31, 48% cleavage) compared to the control oocytes (7/47, 14.9%, P < 0.01; and 2/48, 4%, P < 0.01, respectively). Overall, ICSI resulted in increased fertilization rates compared to IVF, regardless of the presence or absence of FF (39/132, 29.5% with ICSI versus 14/203, 6.9%). These results suggest that follicular fluid supplementation may improve the maturity of equine cumulus-enclosed oocytes sufficiently for the successful use of ICSI, but not sufficiently for normal sperm-egg interaction occurring during IVF.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Failed oocyte retrieval in in-vitro fertilization with documented positive serum beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) concentration on day HCG+1.

No oocytes were obtained at ovum retrieval in a 33-year-old patient with secondary tubal infertility, whereas in a previous cycle nine oocytes were obtained under the same ovarian stimulation protocol as used in the studied cycle. Oocyte retrieval failed in spite of the correct administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) as demonstrated by serum beta-HCG concentration (58.6 mIU/ml) on day HCG+1. However, it was shown that progesterone failed to rise even after the administration of exogenous HCG as the luteinizing hormone signal. Therefore, when ovum retrieval fails, the serum progesterone as well as beta-HCG concentrations may be useful to help identify the cause of this unusual event.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Incidence of ectopic pregnancy at the 1st Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Bari during the past 10 years. Clinico-statistical considerations].

The Authors, in the period 1979-1988, discovered 175 ectopic pregnancies out of a total of 16.641 pregnancies: a rate of incidence of 1 in 95 (1.05%); 28 patients were fitted with an IUD. In accordance with published data, they recognize an increase in the incidence of ectopic pregnancies and emphasize the importance of a precocious clinical diagnostic, to reconcile timeliness of operation with the need of conservative surgery, the indication for which should take into account many factors (the age, the general condition, the parity, the wish for a pregnancy, the state and condition of the tube on each side) since it seems to predispose to recurrent ectopic pregnancies. They indicate the negative effects on the tube for patients fitted with an IUD.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[A case of primary ovarian pregnancy in an IUD-wearing patient].

A case of primary ovarian pregnancy in a patient fitted with an IUD is reported. Anatomic, pathological, clinical, etiological and therapeutical aspects of ovarian pregnancy are discussed with reference to published data. The case study presented in this paper shows the characteristics aspects of this pathology of pregnancy: the patient is a multipara, fitted with an IUD; clinical diagnosis was intraoperatively and adnexectomy was chosen as the most appropriate treatment. Anatomic and pathological tests were used to confirm the diagnosis of ovarian pregnancy.

Adnexa Uteri↗
PubMed1989

[AIH and AID. Review of the literature: results and observations].

The literature on homologous artificial insemination and artificial insemination by donor is reviewed. In AIH the importance of the seminal factor and the influence of the induced superovulation are taken into account in determining the success of insemination. The important factors in AIH are: the type of sperm used (fresh or frozen), the characteristics of the female recipient, the method of insemination and its timing in relation to superovulation, and unwillingness to continue therapy. In line with other studies, it is emphasised that the factors involved in insemination must be standardised and defined according to recognised statistical principles in order to allow a meaningful comparison of data reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Reduction of sternal infection by application of topical vancomycin.

Sternal or mediastinal infection after heart operations occurs infrequently but carries a high cost in money, morbidity, and mortality. At our hospital, Staphylococcus nonaureus causes most of these infections and is uniformly sensitive to vancomycin. In a prospective study of 416 patients having cardiac operations, randomized by hospital record number, topical vancomycin was applied to the cut sternal edges in 223 patients (group V) and was omitted in the control group (C) of 193 patients. The vancomycin was applied in a hemostatic paste of topical thrombin and powdered absorbable gelatin; in the control group only the hemostatic paste was applied. All patients received prophylactic systemic antibiotics for 2 days. Sternal infection occurred in one patient in group V (0.45%) and in seven patients in group C (3.6%) (p = 0.02). Infection also correlated with longer operative times (p = 0.027). By multivariate testing, vancomycin (p = 0.013) and shorter operative times (p = 0.014) independently predicted reduced infection rates. In the one patient with an infection in group V, Staphylococcus aureus was cultured; this organism was also cultured in two patients in group C, with Staphylococcus nonaureus being the culprit in the other five patients with sternal infections in group C. Topical vancomycin applied to the cut sternal edges reduces the risk of postoperative sternal infection.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

Teratological evaluations of atrazine technical, a triazine herbicide, in rats and rabbits.

Atrazine technical was evaluated for its embryotoxic, fetotoxic, and teratogenic potential in both rats and rabbits. The compound was orally administered at doses of 0, 10, 70, or 700 mg/kg.d to groups of rats on gestational d 6-15, while rabbits were administered doses of 0, 1, 5, or 75 mg/kg.d on gestational d 7-19. Maternal toxicity was observed at doses greater than or equal to 70 mg/kg.d in rats and at doses greater than or equal to 5 mg/kg.d in rabbits. Minor fetal effects, concurrent with maternal toxicity, were observed in rats at doses greater than or equal to 70 mg/kg.d. Among rabbits, fetal effects concurrent with severe maternal toxicity were only observed at the 75 mg/kg.d dose level. There were no adverse maternal or fetal effects in either rats or rabbits at the low dose levels. These findings indicated that pregnant rabbits were more sensitive than pregnant rats to the effects produced by atrazine technical and the compound was not teratogenic at maternally toxic dose levels in either species.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1988

Valuation of some markers in the malignant neoplastic pathology of the female genital tract.

The Authors studied the presence of some markers in different gynaecological tumours, by radioimmunoassay. Beta-HCG, 1-alfa-FP, CA 125, GICA and TPA were assayed in 76 patients. Eight of the patients were affected by CIN III, 38 presented a cervical carcinoma (10 at stage I, 14 at stage II, 10 at stage III, 4 at stage IV); 14 patients had an endometrial adenocarcinoma (3 at stage I, 7 at stage II, 2 at stage III and II at stage IV); 12 cases consisted of an ovarian carcinoma with 2 patients at stage I, 5 at stage II and 5 at stage III; 2 patients had a peritoneal diffusion, whereas two women presented a vulvar carcinoma; the control group was formed by 10 patients with no malignant or benign pathology. The results show that tumoral markers, studied in the blood of patients affected by malignant gynaecological tumours, represent a great advantage in the evaluation of both the response to the therapy and of an eventual remission or tumoral recurrence.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1988

Chemotherapy with CDDP.

The Authors report the results obtained in 30 patients affected by ovarian carcinoma and treated with chemotherapy using the parenteral route in 27 cases and the intraperitoneal one in 3 women. Parenteral chemotherapy following surgical staging and extensive tumour removal with the last residual tumour, consisted of a therapeutic scheme of mono- and poli-chemotherapy. The doses of cisplatin (CDDP) in mono-chemotherapy were correlated to the intensive anatomical-radiological-surgical staging. The patients treated with poli-chemotherapy underwent cycles with CDDP + alkylating agents. Moreover, 3 of the patients received low doses of cisplatin by intraperitoneal administration. In 27 cases pre- and post-therapy enzymuria was evaluated: it represents, in fact, the most reliable laboratory test to discover an acute tubulo-toxicity and is able to reveal chronic tubular damage. Our results demonstrate that a suitable nephrologic monitoring of the patients allows a more accurate use of the cisplatin with a better cost-benefit relation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Role of radiotherapy in the management of cervical carcinoma.

Different therapy schemes related with the stage of tumours are reported, after general considerations on the topic. We have evaluated various criteria for the choice of methods, pointing out the complications of therapy. Lithium-carbonate action during radiation therapy has been studied, valuing the positive effect on leukopoiesis and the consequent better clinical conditions of the patients in course of treatment. In this study we report our experience with regard to 21 patients affected by cervical neoplasia, histologically diagnosed. The stages of neoplasia in the 21 patients were so distributed: 10 at stage I B, 8 at stage II A, 3 at stage II B. Treatment consisted of three therapeutical techniques: 1) application of radium in the cervical canal and in the vaginal fornices; 2) surgical procedure; 3) application of radium against the vaginal vault. In agreement with other author's results, the histological exam of the surgical specimen confirmed in different cases the complete absence of neoplastic aspects following the pre-operative radiotherapy. Although our experience is limited, we hold that radio-surgical "sandwich" treatment of cervical carcinoma may represent an excellent therapy in young women and in patients with associated systemic diseases. The follow-up of the 21 patients has excluded up to this day any neoplasia. In this program pre-operative intracavitary radiotherapy is a primary step allowing, in the majority of the cases, the reduction of surgical radicality. In so doing, effective therapeutical results associated with a better quality of life are obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Virus in gynaecological oncology.

We measured the antibody presence of eventual viral infections (Parotiditis, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex and Hepatitis B) in 51 patients affected by malignant gynaecological tumours. Ninety five women composing the control group not affected by any pathology, underwent the same tests. Even if research has utilized various indirect methods for the antibody dosage of each viral infection, we have not confirmed other Authors' reports. It might be referable to the limited number of cases in our study up to date. In order to make a comparison among different reports we look forward to a uniformity of various laboratory methods. Reliable results will be obtained only by increasing the number of clinical cases and by utilizing the method of determination of viral genome in tumoral cells. The technique is the only reliable among different methods for determining a previous viral infection.

Aged↗