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V V Amunts

Publications and source records attributed to V V Amunts.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Structural asymmetry of the basal nucleus of Meynert in men and women].

Using quantitative neurohistological indices, a structure of the nucleus of Meynert has been studied in 11 cases from the collection of the Institute of Brain Researches of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. The sample included 7 men and 4 women aged from 19 to 60 years (with the exception of one individual of 70 years of age), who died suddenly and did not suffer lifetime from neurological or mental disorders. The following indices have been determined: neuron profile field, neuronal density, density of total and satellite glia as well as portion of satellite glia in the total one and portion of satellite-surrounded neurons in their total amount. All individual indices were processed using statistical methods and difference between hemispheres was determined. Despite the broad variance of individual indices, significant asymmetry of the square of neuron profile field, which was sex-dependent, a tendency to higher neuronal density on the left side and to that of glia cells on the right side were observed. Because changes of the satellite glia indices were most variable, it seems possible to emphasize only a large portion of satellite-surrounded neurons in the right hemisphere. In total, there was a trend to a larger asymmetry of the nucleus structure in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[A structural organization of the sensory projections on a reticular formation of the brain stem].

The animal experiments were performed by the cutting the sensory afferent tracts which had the projections on the reticular formation (RF) of brain stem, namely--visual, acoustic and taste tracts. Brain was investigated by methods of Marki, Nauta, Fink-Haimer. A quantitative evaluation of the voluminous fractions of neurons and gla was carried out by using "Classimat" device. Capillary density was also counted. A morphologic substrate for the conduction of the specific influences was found in form of both afferent fibers entering in brain stem and the cell groups associated with them. Between the specific brain stem and reticular structures of medulla oblongata, brain stem and midbrain (n.cuneiformis, n. tegmenti pedunculo-ponticus, n.centralis oralis and caudalis pontis, n. papillioformis, n. parabrachialis medialis and n. parvocellularis) intermediate zones were determined which were localized on the junction between sensory and reticular nuclei and had specific afferentation. Intermediate zones were also found in RF between the nuclei in both oral-caudal and mediolateral directions. An idea was formulated about the differencies in a structural organization of RF in medulla oblongata, brain stem and midrain, that were conditioned by a multicentral localization of RF functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[The individual characteristics of the cytoarchitectonics of subcortical-stem formations in the human brain].

Both quantitative and qualitative analysis of individual cytoarchitectonic peculiarities of Meynart's nucleus as well as of external part of dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus was performed in mentally normal individuals. The series of brain's 20-microns sections stained with cresyl violet were studied. Some individual morphological qualitative and quantitative peculiarities were evaluated in Meynart's nucleus and in dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus. A number of pronounced cytoarchitectonic peculiarities were revealed in above-mentioned cerebral structures of the persons with outstanding abilities (the cases were taken from the special collection of Moscow Institute of Brain of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The problem of the individual variability of the human brain].

Series of frontal sections, 20 microns thick, were used to study the individual cytoglio-architectonic features of fields 8.8, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 47 of the caudate nucleus, dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus, Meynert's nucleus in 12 persons aged 29 to 89 years. The profile fields of neurons, their density and the density of gliocytes, including perineuronal ones were measured by computed morphometry, the cellular composition was determined from size of neurons, as well as the neuroglial and neuroperineuronal indices were defined. In 6 cases (distinguished, gifted persons), all the formations under study showed structural signs (abundant satellitosis, predominant large neurons, etc.) suggesting that there is a high functioning of nerve cells whose quantitative parameters are greater than those in other cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in the cytoarchitectonics of the field 4 of human cerebral cortex in perinatal developmental defects].

Knowledge of the morphological characteristics is essential for the understanding of the pathogenesis and finding of effective treatment for children with perinatal brain disorders (cerebral palsy). The authors studied histological sections (Nissl-stained) of field 4 of the cerebral cortex from 20 patients aged 3 to 14 years. Demonstrating the signs of nonspecific changes in the nervous tissue and revealing the damage of development, the results of the work can be used for interpreting the data of a quantitative image analysis of the cortex cytoarchitectonics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Cytological structure of various subcortical and brain stem nuclei of human brain in the normal state and in Alzheimer's disease].

The works provides a morphological analysis of lesions in central upper median reticular nucleus (nucleus raphe) of the midbrain and basal Meinert nucleus in patients with Alzheimer disease. Cytoarchitectonic investigation was performed on the series of 20 microns-thick frontal sections of the brain stained with cresyl violet. The neuronal cross-sectional areas were numerically assessed. Marked individual structural features of these nuclei were characteristic of normals, and not age-related. These structures were largely involved into the Alzheimer disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Structural organization of subcortical-stem formations of the human brain during aging].

Using "Videoplan" apparatus manufactured by "Reihert" (Austria) the authors studied qualitative and quantitative cytoarchitectonic characteristics of the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus, individual reticular nuclei of the pontomesencephalic fissure, Meynert's nucleus and locus coeruleus in senile dementia (simple-type) and Alzheimer's disease in comparison with their structure in normal subjects of various age (from 30 to 90 years). Examination of 20-microns thin sections stained after Nissl has revealed both qualitative and quantitative cytoarchitectonic changes (a reduction in the area of the profile fields of neurons) which were more pronounced, along with cholinergic Meynert's nucleus, in the serotoninergic nuclei of the fissure and particularly in patients with Alzheimer's disease in whom they were far more expressed than in those with senile dementia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Various patterns in structural changes in the cortex and subcortical structures of the human brain during the aging process].

The authors examined the structural organization of cortical and subcortical formations (fields 4, 6, 8, 44, 47, 39, the head of the caudate nucleus and thalamic nuclei) of the right and left hemispheres of the brain of 6 mentally normal subjects aged 30 to 90 years. In sections 20 millimicron thick and stained by Nissl's method the authors measured the density of neurons in subcortical nuclei, in layers III and V of the cortical fields, as well as the number of neurons containing lipofuscin. The identified characteristics indicate heterochronicity of the process of ageing in different portions of the brain: motor and, particularly, cortical structures are involved in this process earlier and more intensively than others.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Morphological and functional characteristics of the inspiratory and expiratory formations of the medial and lateral areas of the respiratory center].

The density of the reticular and respiratory neurones in the inspiratory and the exspiratory "points" of medial and lateral zones of the medulla oblongata the electrical stimulation of which is accompanied by the maximum inspiratory and exspiratory effects has been studied in the anesthetized cats. The electrophysiological and morphological data allow to relate the structures studied to the respiratory centre and confirm the correct picking out of two functionally heterogeneous zones - the medial and lateral.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Morphologic criteria of the structural asymmetry of the cortical and subcortical structures of the human brain].

Using a cytoarchitectonic and quantitative methods, the authors investigated the structural organization of Fields 4, 6, 8, 39, 40, 43, 46, 47, caudate and dorsomedial nuclei of the tuber cinereum in the right and the left cerebral hemispheres in a grown-up right-handed man. With the help of electron computers definite parameters of neurons in the cortex (layers III and V) and in the subcortical nuclei were determined. The material obtained was statistically processed. Morphological criteria of the structural organization of the above-listed formations were identified. These included indicators of the total volumetric fraction of neurons and glia, profile fields of neurons, and the neuronal composition. Structural asymmetry was revealed, with the left hemisphere being dominant in the logomotor and motor fields. There were no signs of structural asymmetry in either the frontal and parietal fields or in the subcortical formations. The interpretation of the results obtained is attempted.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Structural features of the brain stem reticular formation, hippocampus and limbic region of the cortex].

The paper compares the structural reorganization of reticular formation of the brain stem with the cortical structures of the limbic system--hippocamp and limbic cortex in the mammalian comparative order (a hedgehog, a rabbit, a cat, a dog, a dolphin, a monkey, a man). In all the studied links of the limbico-reticular system the author revealed general regularity: the main trend of a structural development is expressed in the intensification of their structural heterogeneity: nuclei are divided in subnuclei, areas in subareas, layers in sublayers. In all structures these features are expressed more vividly in their phylogenetic new parts. Besides, changes of the brain caudal sections--reticular formation are relatively less expressed than the rostral sections, i.e. hippocamp and limbic cortex.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Development of the brain stem reticular formation during ontogenesis of lower simians as compared with man].

The work has shown a number of common features in the structural organization of the brain stem reticular formation in the adult rhesus monkey and man. According to the peculiar features and developmental features the reticular nuclei may be divided into 3 sections (median, medial and lateral) having different genesis. In ontogenesis all the nuclei of the reticular formation undergo differentiation and specialization due to the complication of the brain as a whole. This process, however, goes differently in ontogenesis of the macaque and man which can be seen in the heterochronous rate of their development, namely, in the macaque the terms of maturation of the reticular nuclei are somewhat more accelerated. The work shows changes in the density of cells, the volume of neurones and all the reticular formation in relation to the volume of the brain stem as a whole. However, the differences found in ontogenesis of the macaque and man are mainly of quantitative and idioadaptive character.

Animals↗