Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V V Keshelava.
An endoprosthesis for the formation of the larynx lumen in the postoperative period has been developed. The possibility of using the endoprosthesis was proved experimentally. An experience with 112 operations on the larynx with this prosthesis for the prevention of postoperative complications and earlier social rehabilitation of such patients allowed it to be recommended for clinical practice.
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A newly-developed polymer endoprosthesis was used at the second stage of combined treatment of 20 patients with stage II--III laryngeal cancer to prevent persistent stenosis following resection of the larynx and to assure an earlier rehabilitation. Endoprosthesis was installed after fronto-lateral resection in all cases. The endoprosthesis was made from biologically-compatible materials on a preservative and regenerator agent-impregnated polyvinyl-pyrrolidone base. After being located in laryngeal lumen for 30--45 days, the prosthesis was removed endolaryngeally under out-patient hospital conditions and the cannula was taken out 6--10 days later. Within the following 12 months and longer, both laryngeal lumen and respiration were normal.
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Method of combined radiotherapy of choroid melanomas, proposed by the authors, includes transscleral irradiation of the tumor by rutenium ophthalmoapplicators and simultaneous intracorporeal irradiation with 59Fe. Twenty-seven patients were treated. Morphological examination of enucleated eyes showed the capacity of 57Fe to incorporate in tumor cell, and observations indicate that this method of treatment not only extends the indications for organ-sparing radiotherapy of uveal melanomas, but delays the development of distant metastases as well.
The restoration of the voice function in patients after total laryngectomy is an important problem, which can be resolved using polymer tracheoesophageal valves. These authors have developed a new tracheoesophageal valve from a biocompatible polymer with an original unilateral lock as well as a procedure of its implantation during laryngectomy. Altogether 9 patients with laryngeal cancer stage III-IV underwent surgery. The high success rate of voice restoration was observed in 6 patients. The procedure is simple in use and will be further modified.
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