[The median values and prevalence of the basic risk factors among the male and female populations living in the radionuclide-contaminated area of Russia].
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Biomedical subjects
V V Konstantinov
Publications and source records attributed to V V Konstantinov.
[The epidemiology of systolic and diastolic arterial hypertension in relation to risk factors and education among the male population of some cities of Russia, the CIS nations and the Baltic states (a cooperative study)].
The prevalence of systolic and diastolic arterial hypertension (AH) was studied on a material of random representative samples of male population aged 20-54 years in the cities of Moscow, Saint Petersburg [correction of Sankt-Peterburg], Tallinn, Kiev, Novosibirsk, Alma-Ata, Tashkent and Bishkek. AH was estimated in connection with risk factors (RF) from the standpoint of uni- and multidimensional statistical analysis. It has been established that RF (age, cholesterol and triglycerides concentration, overweight and alcohol use) make more significant contribution into the prevalence of diastolic AH whereas the systolic AH prevalence is largely determined only by age and education. The data obtained are likely to form the basis for the design of a more integral system of prophylaxis of cardiovascular diseases.
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[The comparative characteristics of the distribution of the lipid component of the blood and the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in men 20-54 years old in the cities of the CIS Nations and Estonia (a cooperative study)].
A comparative study of hypercholesterolemia and lipid distribution in males aged 20-54 randomly selected in one of the districts of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tallinn, Kiev, Novosibirsk, Tashkent, Alma-Ata and Bishkek has been performed. A comparative interpopulation analysis involved mean values of blood lipid spectrum: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLPC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLPC). TC, TG, LDLPC in blood were higher in European region and Siberia than in Middle Asia populations. These findings correlated with hypercholesterolemia prevalence. An average of 50% of European population studied need preventive treatment for hypercholesterolemia.
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[The epidemiology of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and their combination among the male population in the cities of different regions of the CIS Nations and Baltic states. A cooperative study].
The prevalence of risk factors (RF) to develop cardiovascular disorders alone and in combination has been studied in males aged 20-54 differing by occupation and education. They lived in various cities of CIS and Baltic States. It was established that RF alone and in combination are common among the male population. The risk is the highest in the group of males engaged in hard physical labour (p < 0.05) and in low-education subjects. In subjects with higher education RF are the lowest. RF alone and in combination proved higher in Europeans and Siberians compared to males living in the Central Asia.
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[Significance of risk factors in the prevalence of ischemic heart disease in men living in different climatic-geographic areas of Russia, the CIS countries and the Baltic states (a cooperative study)].
The paper deals with the contribution of risk factors to the spread of coronary heart disease (CHD) among males living in various cities and towns of Russia, CIS countries and Baltic states. The examination of random representative samples of male populations established that risk factors, such as age, arterial hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipoproteinemia, and smoking (p < 0.05), make a significant contribution to the spread of CHD, including acute CHD. Age, arterial hypertension, and body weight (p < 0.01) also make a substantial contribution to the development of CHD. The risk factors play a greater role in the spread of CHD in Tallinn, Alma-Ata, St. Petersburg, and Novosibirsk than in Moscow and Ufa, but in the spread of acute CHD in Tallinn, Kaunas, Ufa, and Alma-Ata than in Moscow and St. Petersburg.
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Ischaemic heart disease in men of productive age: comparison of epidemiological and morphological data.
Data obtained from a cross-sectional population study of men aged 20-54 years and results of a morphological epidemiological examination of the aorta and coronary arteries of 507 men aged 20-59 years, deceased from various causes in the city of Tallinn, were analysed to find whether there is a relationship between the prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), its risk factors and morphological features of atherosclerosis. An association has been found between the development of clinical IHD manifestations with age, extent of morphological signs of atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta and coronary arteries, and occurrence of hypercholesterolaemia. Estonian men showed more marked changes in lipid indicators and greater extent of morphological signs of atherosclerosis than men of other nationalities; this corresponds to the more atherogenic character of the former's diet. However, Estonian men did not differ from other nationalities in the occurrence of IHD and expected death risk--a finding the authors explain by the lower percentage of smokers among Estonians.
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[The incidence of ischemic heart disease and its risk factors in 20- to 54-year-old male workers in physical and intellectual jobs].
The low incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) was established in the course of a one-stage epidemiological examination of 2562 men aged 20-54 years (a random sample from an open city population). It was found to be associated with an insignificant prevalence of lipid metabolism abnormalities (excluding hypoalphacholesterolemia) and did not depend on the nature of labour (4.3% among white collars and 4.4% among blue collars). The incidence of overweight and high AP turned out approximately identical, whereas tobacco-smoking, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were mostly recorded in blue collars. The prevalence of CHD and its risk factors increased with age, excluding tobacco-smoking. In the latter case, it reduced with age.
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[Epidemiology of ischemic heart disease as related to the main risk factors among the male population in various Soviet cities (a cooperative study)].
A study was made of the prevalence of coronary heart disease, risk factors (arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia, overweight, tobacco-smoking) and of the relation of coronary heart disease to the risk factors in men aged 20 to 39 years and 40 to 54 years, living in 8 cities of the USSR. The study was carried out on material of random representative samples. It has been established that the prevalence of coronary heart disease and risk factors is bigger among the populations living in the European part of the USSR and Siberia, being lower among the populations of Central Asia. The relationship between coronary heart disease and the risk factors is pronounced to a greater measure in arterial hypertension and overweight and to a less degree in other conditions. Besides, the relation of coronary heart disease to the risk factors is marked to a much greater measure among men belonging to the senior age groups.
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[Comparative characteristics of the incidence of ischemic heart disease and its risk factors among men and women aged 20-69 years (epidemiological study)].
The study was undertaken to examine a random representative sample from the nonorganized male and female population from on of the Moscow districts. The survey covered 1238 males and 1241 females; the response-rate was 71% and 74%, respectively. Routine epidemiological tools and consistent criteria for their assessment were applied to the survey of the population. The authors examined the following risk factors: arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypoalphacholesterolemia, and cigarette smoking in relation to a particular CHD: acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, etc.
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[Prevalence of ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and dyslipoproteinemia in persons with disorders of glucose tolerance].
Among 3490 males and females aged 20-69 years, oral glucose tolerance testing (GTT) revealed diabetes mellitus (DM) and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in 94 and 401 persons, respectively. The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension (AH), and dyslipoproteinemias (DLP) was examined in groups of subjects that had normal GTT indices, patients with DM, and persons with AGT. In the latter, the prevalence of CHD was found to significantly higher than in those with normal GTT indices and be increased with severity of carbohydrate metabolic disturbances. The prevalence of AH did not drastically differ in persons with AGT and those with normal carbohydrate metabolism. The prevalence of DLP was significantly higher in subjects with AGT than in those with normal GTT values. It was also ascertained that DLP, as opposed to AH, was more meaningful as a risk factor for the development of CHD in persons with AGT and patients with DM.
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[Epidemiology of ischemic heart disease and its risk factors in men 20-54 years of age engaged in mental and physical activity, in various populations of the Soviet Union (a cooperative study)].
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[Epidemiologic factors contributing to the prevalence of ischemic heart disease among male child and adult populations in various regions of the country].
Random representative samples of 20- to 54-year-old men and 11- and 14-year-old boys were investigated in different regions of the country in order to elucidate the pattern of the formation of major coronary risk factors. The prevalence of coronary heart disease was found to vary widely in 20- to 54-year-old males and show correlation to risk factor levels in most centres. Difference in the incidence of hyperdiglyceridemia and smoking can already be seen in 11-year-old boys, and variation in hypercholesterolemia and excessive body weight, after 14 years of age.
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[Incidence of ischemic heart disease in relation to major risk factors among Moscow male residents aged 20-29 years].
A representative random sample of 3,308 male residents aged 20-59 years from a Moscow district was examined. Only 74% of them participated in the study. Routine epidemiological methods were used to identify various forms of coronary heart disease (CHD). The prevalence of CHD was 9.7% in the population with the incidence of definite CHD of 5% and possible CHD of 4.6%. The prevalence of CHD was significantly associated with age, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypoalphacholesterolemia, and obesity. The findings should be borne in mind while planning preventive measures in the population of working age.
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[Comparative characteristics of the prevalence of arterial hypertension in relation to the main risk factors of ischemic heart disease in men and women aged 20-69 years (epidemiological study)].
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Changes in the incidence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) risk factors among a male population without IHD aged 40-59 years after eight-year period (from 1975-1977 to 1983-1984).
A comparison is made of two epidemiological studies conducted within an eight-year interval on randomly selected independent samples of male population aged 40-59 years in one of the municipal districts of Moscow. In the years 1975-1977, 3908 men (response rate 77.7%) were examined, in 1983-1984 1662 men (response rate 72.0%). The comparison concentrated on the detection of changes in the incidence of major risk factors of IHD: arterial hypertension, dyslipoproteinaemia, overweight, smoking. Over the period under review, the incidence of hypertension and overweight did not practically change, a statistically significant decrease occurred in the incidence of hypercholesterolaemia and hyperglyceridaemia; the incidence of hypo-alpha-cholesterolaemia did not change. A significant drop (by 10.2%) occurred in cigarette smoking.
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[Various aspects of the relation between blood sugar levels and the prevalence of ischemic heart disease among 20 to 69-year-old men and women (a simultaneous epidemiologic study)].
A random sample of 1,225 male and 1,243 female residents of a Moscow district, aged 20 to 69, has been studied. Their carbohydrate metabolism was assessed by means of an oral glucose tolerance test, and the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) was made on the basis of a WHO questionnaire and electrocardiography. The incidence of CHD was shown to be unassociated with the distribution of glycemia (both fasting and provoked by the glucose tolerance test) in males, while the association was significant in females. It is suggested that hyperglycemia is important as a coronary risk factor in women only.
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[Echocardiographic study of persons with asymptomatic ECG changes found during a mass epidemiological examination of the population].
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[Polymorphism of familial cardiovascular changes].
Twenty-five probands (20- to 29-year-old males), selected from an epidemiologic population on the basis of their ECG patterns, and their first-degree relatives were studied. Intrafamilial similarity and difference of cardiovascular patterns were demonstrated, as was their frequent association with hereditary connective-tissue changes.
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