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Biomedical subjects

V V Lebedev

Publications and source records attributed to V V Lebedev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Large proportion of Epstein-Barr virus-associated small noncleaved cell lymphomas among children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at a single institution in Moscow, Russia.

To evaluate clinical and biologic features of children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treated in Moscow, Russia, we studied 53 cases treated in the Republican Children's Hospital from 1990 to 1994. Histologic examination disclosed a predominance of the small noncleaved cell subtype (32 cases, 60%); a smaller percentage of the lymphoblastic and large-cell subtypes (14 cases, 26% and 7 cases, 13%, respectively) were identified. The frequencies of primary sites of involvement in descending order included 60% in abdomen, 19% in mediastinum, 15% in head/neck, and 4% in peripheral nodes. The majority of children presented with advanced stage disease (St. Jude stage III/IV/B-ALL, 92.5%). Of interest, 8 of 15 (53%) small noncleaved cell NHL cases examined contained Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The high frequency of EBV association in this study suggests that this virus may play a more global role in NHL pathogenesis than previously recognized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Imunofan: new-generation synthetic peptide agent].

The paper reviews the development, mode of action and field of application of synthetic regulatory peptides in the pathogenetic and immunocorrective therapy of infectious and noninfectious diseases. Great progress has been made in designing new-generation small regulatory peptides by modifying the sequence of amino acid residues in the active fragments of natural hormones to change their biological activity and therapeutic properties. The original hexapeptide Arg-alpha-Asp-Lys-Val-Tyr-Arg has been designed by chemically modifying the thymic hormone Thymopoietin in positions 32-37. The agent has been called Immunofan. It is manufactured in ampoules containing 1 ml of 0.005% sterile solution for subcutaneous and intramuscular injections. The trials of Immunofan have demonstrated that it is able to restore cell immunity, the oxygen-dependent neutrophilic bactericidal system and antiviral antibody production. It decreases the levels of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF and IL-6, and activates the redox system. Included into the complex therapy of patients with cancer diseases, Immunofan enhances the body's reserve capacity to inactivate free radicals and oxidants, substantially shortens radiation and toxic reactions. Its use ensures the continuum of chemoradiotherapy. Used in the complex therapy for chronic infections (brucellosis, hepatitis B and C, opportunistic infections), Immunofan enhances antiviral and antibacterial immunity, shortens the manifestation of clinical symptoms and major syndromes of diseases.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1997

Chimeric brain: theoretical and clinical aspects.

Using xeno-transplantation, interactions of neural tissues of vertebrates and insects were studied. Ventral neurogenic primordium of Notch Drosophila melanogaster embryos was transplanted into neural tube of amphibian and mammalian embryos with the aid of microhydrofeeding. Embryos of four different amphibian species, random bred mice and rats were used as graft recipients. It was concluded that there is a possibility to incorporate nerve cells of insects into the brain of vertebrates. Morphological and functional contacts can be established between the transplanted cells and host brain tissues. Transplanted Drosophila cells preserve their viability for a long time, so that a prolonged influence of the transplant upon the recipient can be predicted, which may be used in medical practice. A mixture of human fetal brain and Notch Drosophila melanogaster neural embryonic tissues were transplanted into the ventro-lateral nucleus of the thalamus of the patients of Parkinson' disease. As a result, tremor and constrained movements disappeared. Post-operation patients have been observed within 13-38 months. No side effects were noted during this time.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A trial of the use of the immunocorrective preparation Imunofan for treating diphtheria].

Peptide immunocorrector Imunofan was used as adjuvant to conventional treatment. A single intramuscular injection was given daily for 8-10 days (I ml of 0.005% solution). In patients with advanced and toxic diphtheria Imunofan reduced the occurrence of specific complications and lethality fell 4.1-4.8-fold. Imunofan is also recommended for patients with allergic reaction to diphtheria antitoxin.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

[Ecological immunodeficiency: immunogenetic aspects of its etiology and correction].

The examinations of auto-transport Kazakh drivers have indicated that there is a significant reduction in some immunological parameters HLA-B5 and HLA-DR5-proliferative responses of lymphocytes to mitogens, production of interleukin-1 and interleukin-2, activity of NK and LAK-cells. It is suggested that these impairments occur with their long-term exposure to automobile transport effluents (ATE), since the same changes in immunological parameters were found previously in the experiments with animals exposed to ATE for a long time. Some of the detected immunoresponsive disorders are associated with the availability of definite HLA antigens, such as HLA-B5 and HLA-P5. The new immunomodulating agents thymohexin (TH) and phyto-extraction drugs C4 and C6 used in vitro substantially restored the lower functional activity of immunocompetent cells and production of cytokines (thymohexin was particularly effective). The most marked recovery was observed in the drivers with the phenotype HLA-B6+ and HLA-P5+, i.e. in persons with maximally ATE-reduced immunological parameters.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

[Characteristics of lymphocyte-monocyte-neutrophil interactions during varied-severity course of leptospirosis (a cytochemical study)].

Correlations between neutrophilic enzymes (acid and alkaline phosphatases, myeloperoxidase, NBT test) and lymphocyte and monocyte enzymes (acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase) were studied in 110 patients with icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis. These correlations were changing, depending on the disease severity and period. In case of a favorable course of leptospirosis in the initial period and at the peak a great number of intercellular correlations are formed between neutrophilic, lymphocytic, and monocytic enzymes. If the disease course is grave and complicated the intercellular relationships are ruptured at the peak of the illness. Convalescence is characterized by a gradual recovery of intracellular correlations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The effect of polychemotherapy on hemopoiesis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children].

Bone marrow granulocytic-macrophagal precursors (GMP) and fibroblastic precursors (FP) were measured in 235 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving polychemotherapy (PCT) in progression of the disease. A total of 408 culture investigations were conducted. PCT proved to exert different effects on hemopoiesis during the first acute ALL period and remission. In the former period the target for PCT were blast cells, the course of induction therapy increased the number of GMP, FP and early granulocytic cells. In recurrent ALL the sensitivity of GMP to PCT grew, while FP remained intact. PCT performed in remission resulted in gradual suppression of granulocytopoiesis, GMP beginning from the second remission year. The treatment discontinuation on remission year 3-5 produced enhancement of granulocytosis by all parameters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The clinico-angiographic manifestations of vascular spasm in the acute period of an aneurysm rupture].

The clinical picture was compared to angiographic findings on the spasm in 85 patients in acute period of an aneurysmal rupture in the absence of the intracranial hematoma. Spasm-induced ischemia was responsible for cerebral dysfunction and neurological symptoms. Days 5-13 since the aneurysmal rupture can be viewed as a functionally significant spasm interval. To prevent repeat hemorrhages and brain ischemia, aneurysmal intervention should be conducted on early hours and days of the disease, before or during a less severe vascular spasm.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical aspects and diagnosis of arteriovenous malformations in the acute stage of hemorrhage].

The authors describe the clinical picture of the rupture of arteriovenous malformations and a complex of diagnostic measures which permit the diagnosis of arteriovenous malformation to be established in the acute stage of hemorrhage. The rupture of such malformation including intracranial hematomas and blood tamponade of brain ventricles could also be ascertained. Early diagnosis of the rupture of arteriovenous malformations enables one to define the surgical policy, to choose the time and scope of surgical intervention.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1990

[Immunomodulating properties of leukinferon].

Tolerance and immunomodulating properties of leukinferon for injections were studied in 13 healthy volunteers. The drug was administered by inhalation and intramuscularly in a single dose of 10,000 MU twice daily for 3 days. Intramuscular injections of the drug were accompanied by a number of side effects: pyrogenicity, weakness, headache, that ceased 8-12 hrs after the drug was discontinued. Despite these side effects, the drug was satisfactorily tolerated. Neither viscera nor systemic disorders nor allergic reactions were detected. T-lymphocytes proved to be the most sensitive to the drug. Leukinferon was found to activate the interferon system. The effect was the most marked in respect of IRL-gamma.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

[Modifications of cytochemical methods of detecting alkaline and acid phosphatase activities of leukocytes].

Wide use of the detection of the leukocytic alkaline and acid phosphatase (AIP and AP) activities by the azo coupling method has necessitated the development of rational modifications of the routine methods. When staining just few smears, it is recommended that the neutrophilic AIP activity be detected by applying the incubation medium onto the filter paper covering the blood smear; such a modification, used for the staining of 1-6 blood smears, reduces the reagent consumption by 5-6 times and is time-saving. The modification of the method for the detection of the leukocytic AP activity involves the use of the diazole blue O stain manufactured in this country; the acetate-veronal buffer (containing sodium diethylbarbital) is replaced by citrate buffer, pH 6.4. The leukocytic AIP and AP activities, determined in the blood smears stained according to the suggested and routine methods, coincide (p greater than 0.05).

Acid Phosphatase↗