Phase diagrams for DNA crystallization systems.
Phase diagrams for several oligonucleotide duplex-spermine systems have been constructed. These diagrams characterize the duplex and spermine concentrations ranges in which crystalline precipitates are formed. All of them are wedge-like form. The slope of the upper branch of the diagram is determined by the oligonucleotide length. The position of the lower branch depends on both the nucleotide sequence and its length. The position of the lower branch depends on both the nucleotide sequence and its length. It has been shown that the addition to the system of MgCl2 and NaCl salts and MPD results in specific changes in the diagrams. A model for oligonucleotide duplex-spermine system has been suggested which explains the main characteristic features of the obtained phase diagrams. The experimental phase diagrams for the (pGpT)n (pApC)n-spermine system (n = 2,3,4) have been analyzed ion terms of this model and the values of the binding constants of spermine and Mg2+ ions binding to duplexes have been determined. It permitted to identify the complexes that precipitated in different regions of the phase diagrams under various conditions. The diagram obtained in the presence of a cobalt hexammine counterion is also considered. It has been shown that this phase diagram, in general, is similar to those obtained for the oligonucleotide duplex-spermine system.