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Biomedical subjects

V V Pokrovskiĭ

Publications and source records attributed to V V Pokrovskiĭ.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Development of approaches to enhancing of patient adherence to antivirus therapy in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection].

AIM: To study approaches to enhancing adherence of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretrovirus therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 25 patients (including 3 females) aged 18 to 45 years receiving VAART (fortovasa + norvir + videx, and viramun) were examined. While treating the patients, group classes were conducted to enhance their adherence to the therapy, followed by individual consultations in order to consolidate the obtained effect. The adherence to the therapy was rated by the patients' self-reports. RESULTS: There was an increase in the activity and openness of those who attended group classes and positive changes in their self-assessment. Approaches to enhancing adherence and a model of school for HIV-infected individuals were developed. CONCLUSION: It has been shown that a combination of patients' awareness of different HIV-infection-associated problems with consulting allows treatment motivation to be increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Molecular genetic characteristics of HIV-1 in Russia].

The paper presents data on the variants of human immunodefficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) currently circulating in Russia. The subtype A HIV-1 variant dominating is shown to be most widespread among drug-injected users in the most regions under study. By using the results of an analysis of 1,464 blood samples taken in the past 4 years in 69 subjects of the Russian Federation, the authors have estimated that this HIV-1 variant is responsible for 93% of all HIV-infection cases in the country. The greatest regional genetic diversity was observed in Moscow and its mean (2.35(1.59) was found to be comparable to that (2.41(1.85) in the whole country. Penetration of the subtype A IV-1 variant early detectable among drug-users into other risk groups was noted.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed2001

[Determination of HIV RNA concentration for evaluation of the efficacy of combined therapy of HIV infection].

Plasma HIV RNA (viral load) and count of CD4+ T cells were evaluated in 23 patients with HIV infection treated with invirase (1800 mg/day), zidovudine (600 mg/day), and zalcitabine (2.25 mg/day) for 6 months in order to evaluate the efficiency of antiretroviral therapy. Viral load was measured by AMPLICOR HIV-1 Monitor test. The reproducibility of HIV RNA measurements was in line with reported data (CV 15-41%), allowing highly accurate (15%) evaluation of RNA in a standard control sample provided by National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Great Britain. Plasma HIV RNA concentration decreased to an undetectable level (below 400 RNA copies/ml plasma) after 6 months of treatment in 52.2% patients. In 17.4% the therapy failed, and in 30.4% it resulted in a reduction of viral load to > 1 lg, although HIV RNA was still detected in the plasma after 6-month therapy. The count of CD4+ T cells increased by 9.5%. Changes in the viral load outstripped changes in CD4+ cells. Viral load was in high correlation with the count of CD4+ lymphocytes: -0.53, p = 0.01 before treatment and -0.61, p = 0.002 after 6-month treatment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

[Dementia as a sequelae of cytomegaloviral encephalitis in patients with AIDS].

Five cases of irreversible mental disorders (dementia) are reported in patients with immunodeficiency as the consequence of HIV-infection. Such cases comprise 4.3% of the patients infected by HIV at the stage of AIDS. Among the patients with dementia a cytomegaloviral damage to the brain was diagnosed in 83.3% of the cases. Mean life span of the patients was 2 months from the moment of the rise of psychopathologic symptomatology. An early diagnosis of the disorders of mental activity in individuals infected by HIV is necessary for establishing etiology of the pathologic process and for prescribing a specific medicine early.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1996

[Alcohol abuse in HIV infection].

249 cases of HIV infection (170 males, mean age 30.2 +/- 0.8 years; 79 females, mean age 28.7 +/- 0.9 years) have been analyzed for prevalence of alcoholization. 6 months after the establishment of HIV diagnosis the number of alcoholics in the studied group was greater than in this group before the diagnosis. 22% developed further alcohol addiction. Detrimental effects of alcoholization on mentality, memory and social status of HIV-infected subjects are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The diagnosis and clinical characteristics of cytomegalovirus infection in HIV-infected subjects].

Out of 180 HIV carriers active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was found in 30 patients, in 16 cases the infection manifested clinically. Most of the latter were patients with HIV infection IIIb or IIIc stage against persistent lowering of CD4-lymphocyte count under 100/mm3. Active CMV infection may be determined most significantly by the following criteria: high or moderate concentrations of CMV DNA in the blood, low concentrations of blood CMV DNA in the presence of long-term (at least 3 months) persistence of anti-CMV IgM and isolation of urinary CMV. CMV infection manifested usually as a generalized disease with typical signs of retinitis, myelitis, erosive-ulcerative colitis. Most patients had thrombocytopenia, functionally defective platelets. CNS involvement predicts poor prognosis in CMV-infected HIV carriers.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1996

[Tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection].

Within 1987-1995 the authors observed 16 cases of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients which accounted for 26.7% of AIDS patients treated by them. 14 cases were diagnosed intravitally, 2 postmortem. Infiltrative, generalized, cavernous, intrathoracic lymph node, intraabdominal lymph node tuberculosis and tuberculous pleurisy were identified in 5, 6, 2, 1, 1 and 1 patients, respectively. 6 patients from the above are still alive and are receiving treatment (5 of them with infiltrative tuberculosis), 10 died. Tuberculosis course and outcomes in HIV-infected subjects depended on the stage of their immunodeficiency. In moderate immunodeficiency (CD4-lymphocyte > 200/mm3) tuberculosis ran, as a rule, as local and infiltrative, sensitive to specific therapy. In severe damage to immune system (CD4 < 100/mm3) tuberculosis acquired a generalized course, sometimes fulminant, resistant to treatment. It is inferred that HIV-infected subjects with immunodeficiency need tuberculosis prophylaxis with isoniazide or rifampicin.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

[The clinical manifestations of HIV infection during seroconversion].

21 seroconversion HIV-infected subjects have been examined. 16 of them presented with acute symptoms. The disease in the period of seroconversion manifested with fever, weakness, headache, pain in the throat, enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes, polymorphous eruption. Typical mononucleosis-like syndrome occurred in 3 patients only. Half of the patients had subclinical disease, no eruption was seen. Because of clinical indications only 8 of 21 patients were examined for HIV infection. One-third of the patients in seroconversion had moderate thrombocytopenia, probably of autoimmune nature. Autoimmune disorder of the thyroid was registered in 1 patient. The diagnosis of acute HIV infection is not easy in view of rare occurrence of immunodeficiency typical for this infection. Candidiasis of the mucosa was seen in 37.5%, low levels of CD4-lymphocytes in 66.7% of the cases.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1994

[Psychoneurologic aspects of infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus].

The clinical and follow-up analysis of 213 cases (including 144 males and 69 females) with human immunodeficiency virus-induced infection at different stages and 14 autopsies characterizes the factors which have a negative influence on the CNS. These include opportunistic infections, concomitant infections, chronic alcoholism, drug abuse, premorbid altered background, endogenous diseases, psychosexual disorientation concerning the sex of the object, psychogenic reactions. It is concluded that there are difficulties of distinguishing the symptomatology directly associated with human immunodeficiency virus neurotropism. There are positive and negative trends in the lifestyle of the HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗