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Biomedical subjects

V V Ryzhko

Publications and source records attributed to V V Ryzhko.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[A CHOP-21 course efficacy in therapy of diffuse large B-cell lymphosarcoma].

AIM: To examine efficacy of polychemotherapy (PCT) CHOP-21 in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphosarcoma (DLBCL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-five DLBCL patients received first-line therapy according to CHOP-21 program in 1996-2004. The diagnosis was made by WHO criteria. RESULTS: Initially, 37 patients had lymph node lesions, 18--nonlymphatic lesions. Complete remissions were achieved in 49% (56.7% in nodal lesions, 33.3% in extranodal ones). Overall 5-year survival was 35%, event-free--25%, for patients with nodal lesions--36 and 32%, respectively, extranodal lesions--35 and 22%, respectively. Overall 5-year and event-free survival in patients with local lesions was 85 and 75%, generalized--25 and 20%, respectively. In patients with involvement of the gastrointestinal tract 3-year overall and event-free survival reached 50 and 45%. Event-free survival was not seen in patients with extranodal lesions of other locations in overall 3-year survival 45%. CONCLUSION: PCT program CHOP-21 was effective in DLBCL patients with local nodular lesions except cases with large-size tumors, invasion in the adjacent organs and tissues and isolated gastric lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Invasive pulmonary aspergillesis].

AIM: To evaluate the results of therapy of invasive pulmonary aspergillesis (IPA) in one medical center from 2000 to 2005. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Diagnosis of IPA was made according to the International criteria. Incidence of verified IPA was 2%, probable--84%, possible--14%. RESULTS: IPA was diagnosed in 50 cases in 49 patients aged 16- 78 years, median 35. Most of the patients consisted of acute leukemia cases (54%). Intensive cytostatic therapy was given in 41% cases. In 54% IPA developed in critical neutropenia, median of duration of which being 29 days (3 to 144 days). 29 patients received glucocorticoid drugs. In diagnosis of IPA Aspergillus spp was isolated in 46% cases (A. fumigatus-59%, A. flavus-29%, A. niger-4%, A-versicolor-4%, in 1 (4%) case identification was not made. Positive antigen Aspergillus was detected in 27 cases. All the patients had pulmonary involvement detected at x-ray or computed tomography. Coincidence of pulmonary lesions seen at x-rays and computer tomograms was only in 30% patients. Cure was achieved in 44%, lethality was 56%. Overall survival in IPA for 90 days was 47%. Amphotericine was effective in 29%. Voriconasol--in 3 of 5 patients, kaspofungin--in 3 of 7. Surgical treatment was given to 4 patients. CONCLUSION: Lethality in IPA for 5 years when basic therapy was amfotericin B reached 56%. Reduction of lethality can be achieved due to early diagnosis of the infection and administration of voriconasol at the initial stage of IPA. It is necessary to conduct multicenter studies to ascertain indications for combined antifungal therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The autotransplantation of hematopoietic stem cells from the peripheral blood].

The authors discuss the existence of polypotent hemopoietic stem cells in the peripheral blood as well as a possibility of restoring hemopoiesis by means of the given cells after the lethal myelotoxic exposure. In 5 patients with hemoblastoses, suspension of mononuclear leukocytes in an amount of 0.5 X 10(9) per kg bw was obtained using short-interval leukocytapheresis on blood cell separator. After carrying out different schemes of pretransplantation preparation the defrosted suspension of mononuclear cells was injected without wash out to the patients' central vein. The recovery of the peripheral blood indicators was attained on days 10-30 after the autotransplantation of stem blood cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Extracorporeal methods of therapy in lymphatic tumors].

The paper is concerned with the use of plasmapheresis, lymphocytapheresis, lymphocytaplasmapheresis and plasma perfusion in patients with tumors of the lymphoid tissue. Based on 976 plasmapheresis sessions given to 161 patients the authors demonstrate its efficacy in the treatment of patients with tumors of the lymphoid tissue associated with secretion of paraprotein whose presence gives rise to such complications as the syndrome of high viscosity, cryoglobulinemia, chronic renal failure, amyloidosis, cold hemolytic disease and other paraproteinemia-induced complications. On abundant material (535 sessions given to 98 patients) the authors review situations in which lymphocytapheresis, lymphocytaplasmapheresis and plasma perfusion may be indicated. Consider approaches to their performance as well as the clinical efficacy of the methods.

Hemoperfusion↗
PubMed1990

[Isolation of hematopoietic stem cells from peripheral blood of patients with hemoblastoses].

To isolate peripheral blood stem cells, a fraction of the mononuclear blood cell suspension, 51 leukapheresis procedures were conducted in 8 patients with hemoblastosis using the continuous-flow blood cell separator Fenwal CS-3000. The blood volume processed in a procedure was 10 l at a flow rate of 40-60 ml/min, the centrifuge speed was 1600 rpm. The standard computer program of the Separator was modified depending on the whole blood rate and the patient's hematocrit. The mean yield of mononuclear cells per run was 6.3 X 10(9). Leukapheresis has not significantly affected the patient's blood cell concentration. The mean content of granulocytes in the leucocyte suspension comprised 1.89%. No complications or side effects were observed in the patients during leukapheresis procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The problems of plasma substitution in performing therapeutic plasmapheresis (an evaluation of the efficacy of plasma substitute media and the methods for obtaining them)].

The analysis of 3700 plasmaphereses (AP) performed in 692 patients permitted the authors to develop the basic principles and policy of plasma substitution for various groups of patients. The use of protein preparations and fresh frozen plasma is believed essential in intensive plasmapheresis in patients with immunomediated disorders and DIC syndrome, respectively. Potentialities of selective therapeutic PA are discussed. PA criteria should be based on the patient's state, therapeutic aims, circulation parameters, laboratory data.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1988

[Effectiveness of different methods of blood separation in performing plasma- and cytapheresis].

Obtaining of a therapeutic dose of platelets from donors, necessary to stop spontaneous hemorrhage and sufficient enough to correct hemostasis in surgical interventions in patients with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, therapeutic plasmapheresis with the removal of 1.5-2.01 of plasma, effective erythrocytapheresis can be done with the help of refrigerator centrifuges and plastic containers. This method can be also employed for effective leukocytapheresis in patients with the leukocyte level exceeding 100.10(9)/l. It is simple, economical, reliable; several donors (patients) can be involved in the procedure at a time. Blood cell separators can be most effectively used for therapeutic lymphocytoplasmapheresis, massive plasmapheresis with the removal of over 2.51 of plasma, for obtaining a large number of platelets and granulocytes. The CS-3000 blood cell separator ensures automatic control over blood separation and possible complications during a procedure; a constant temperature regimen of blood separation; one-time use of equipment in direct contact with patient's (donor's) blood; a high efficacy and safety of the procedure.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1987

[Intensive plasmapheresis--possible difficulties and complications].

The paper is concerned with an analysis of difficulties and complications resulting from various modes of conducting intensive plasmapheresis using mainly refrigerator centrifuges and plasticized resin containers in 462 patients (a total of 2435 procedures). Emphasis was placed on a necessity of a thorough choice of a vascular access with relation to a patient's condition, a more of plasmapheresis, and an assumed volume of plasma removal. Causes of hemodynamic and temperature reactions, "citrate intoxication" were analyzed; their prevention and therapy were described. Plasmapheresis was accompanied by insignificant variations in the level of leukocytes, platelets, normal immunoglobulins and fibrinogen. Complications during plasmapheresis were often related with the stage of plasmosubstitution.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of the method of extracorporeal heparin precipitation of plasma proteins (selective plasmapheresis) on the level of immune complexes in the blood].

A study was made of the effect of selective plasmapheresis (SPP) on the concentration of circulating immune complexes (CIC). The method is based on precipitation at 4 degrees C of plasma fibronectin and associated macromolecular complexes by means of heparin. Sterile plasma of the patient is separated from the precipitate, frozen and kept at -20 degrees C till the next plasmapheresis during which it is returned to the patient instead of the donor's one. All 15 patients examined were exposed to 6 SPP with an interval made every 2 to 5 days. Six patients were diagnosed to have rheumatoid arthritis, 2 systemic lupus erythematosus, 3 hemorrhagic microthrombovasculitis, and 4 multiple sclerosis. The concentration of CIC was measured by precipitation with 3.5% polyethylene glycol before and after SPP, in some cases between sessions. All the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus and 2 out of the 3 patients with hemorrhagic vasculitis showed an elevated content of CIC (greater than 0.150 Units OD). The CIC content appeared normal in all the patients with multiple sclerosis. After SPP 4 patients manifested a reduction in the CIC concentration, whereas in 6 it returned to normal. Such a time course correlated with the improvement of other clinical and laboratory findings. It was established that after the first session of SPP the CIC content sharply declined followed by a gradual increment and exceeded the initial values toward the beginning of the second session. After the second SPP the patients manifested the same tendencies. The CIC content reached a maximum by the third SPP and then fell from session to session.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical effectiveness of the method of extracorporeal heparin precipitation of plasma proteins (selective plasmapheresis) in patients with immune complex pathology].

The authors analyse the efficacy of extracorporeal heparin precipitation of plasma proteins (selective plasmapheresis) in patients with immune complex pathology. The method lies in extracorporeal precipitation at +4 degrees C of fibronectin, cryofibrinogen and other macromolecular complexes with the aid of heparin, followed by plasma return to the patient. The method was applied to 39 patients. Hemorrhagic microthrombovasculitis was diagnosed in 7, vasculitis paralleled by hepatosplenomegaly of unclear genesis in 1, generalized vasculitis with marked systemic manifestations in 1, immune complex vasculitis complicated by recurrent polychondritis in 1, chronic active hepatitis associated with immune complex vasculitis in 1, rheumatoid arthritis in 8, systemic lupus erythematosus in 4, spleen lymphoma and Sjögren's syndrome in 1, idiopathic amyloidosis in 2, multiple sclerosis in 10 patients. Altogether 309 sessions of selective plasmaphapheresis were carried out. The time course of the clinical and laboratory criteria of the disease activity were studied before and after each plasmapheresis session. It was ascertained that the method is highly effective in the treatment of hemorrhagic vasculitis. It is mostly used if conventional therapy with heparin, cryoplasm, and deaggregating agents appears abortive. Apparently, it is the only method that may rapidly arrest the abdominal syndrome associated with hemorrhagic vasculitis. The possibility and advisability of the use of chronic plasmapheresis are discussed. Application of the method to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis permits reducing the dose of steroid hormones, thereby not stimulating the disease activity. The method is the therapy of choice in different diseases associated with polyvalent allergy. In amyloidosis and multiple sclerosis, the method efficacy is questionable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Plasmapheresis in the treatment of diseases caused by immunologic pathology].

The authors discuss the results of the use of therapeutic plasmapheresis (290 sessions) in 56 patients with immunity-mediated diseases: hemorrhagic vasculitis, Goodpasture's syndrome, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, partial red cell aplasia, etc. Demonstrate the possibilities of the attainment of positive results provided plasmapheresis is included into the complex of therapeutic measures. Discuss the indications, criteria of the efficacy, and contraindications to plasmapheresis administration. Infer that the clinical data play the decisive role in the appraisal of the plasmapheresis efficacy. Recommend that intermittent plasmapheresis be widely used for the treatment of internal diseases.

Adolescent↗