Biomedical subjects

V V Tkachev

Publications and source records attributed to V V Tkachev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

[The calculation and regulation of dust exposure doses to decrease the level of occupational diseases of dust etiology].

One of the real ways to reduce occupational diseases caused by dust is to cut the duration of contact with dust. The studies helped to suggest a method calculating occupational risk correlated to dust content of the air. The authors evaluated the duration of contact with dust so as to reduce occupational risk to the minimum. Those measures appeared to lower but not eliminate the occupational risk.

Discriminant Analysis↗

PubMed1994

[Problems and perspectives of international unification of methods for measurement of industrial aerosols ].

Having considered disagreements between measurements of industrial aerosols, the authors first performed comparative quantitative analysis of MACs existing in Russia and foreign norms according to International Labour Organization (1990). The article suggests a method to correlate approximately maximal single and average shift concentrations of inhaled and respirable dust in TWA and STEL.

Aerosols↗

PubMed1992

[The economic consequences of breaches of hygienic standards].

Economic detriment due to the main occupational diseases diagnosed in 1990 forms a sum of 2.58 billion roubles. Careful assess of economic losses concerning only a deficiency in supply due to an increased morbidity of workers gave a total amount of 20 billion roubles a year in prices of 1987. Privilege pensions connected with hazardous working conditions and based on lists N1 and 2 are considered as an occult legalization of the hygienic norms breaking. Contents of the lists trend to expand. By the end of 1987 the privilege pensions payments covered 6.6 billion roubles, but in 1991 that sum reached 7.3 billion roubles.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1991

[Methods and equipment for two-stage gravimetric measurements of dust levels].

The two stage gravimetric technique used for the measurements of industrial aerosols, in combination with measurements of mass-related concentrations of particles in the air, provided major hygienic information on the sizes (dispersity) of the inhaled particles. The results of the measurements taken in various branches of industry, ore and alluval deposit mines clarified the fundamental properties of the particles' distribution into rough and thin fractions. An express two-stage gravimetric technique for determining ore aerosol dispersal contents was proposed, along with the technical characteristics of the USSR-produced dust counters.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗

PubMed1990

[Economic evaluation of health-related effects of the improvement of working conditions].

The importance of financial resources input into health improving goes without saying, and economic analysis can only contribute to the search and allocation of funds. The specific economic loss (SEL) seems to be a most informative index of the damage caused to economy by occupational diseases. This index includes the total sum of economic damage of the society through all the life of the worker after an occupational disease was diagnosed. The limits of SEL vary from 6.8 to 30 thousand roubles. A further elaboration of technical and legislative bases is needed to define the economic responsibility of enterprises for violating hygienic norms and regulations.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗

PubMed1990

[The disperse composition of the aerosols in modern foundry production].

Workers engaged in automatic moulding mixtures preparation inhale aerosols with the particles' mass-median diameter 3.5 micromicrons, whereas the main parameters of the particle inhaled in steel bar rolling mills are 17.7 and 30.8 micromicrons respectively. The highest content of coarse dust fractions (up to 40 mg/m3) with the particles' diameter above 7 micromicrons, e.i. most affecting the bronchopulmonary system, was found in the cleaners working places. Workers of some other professions inhale dust complex particles with the diameter of 7 micromicrons, and polymodal aerosols with the maximum distribution among the particles within 4.3 and 11.7 micromicrons.

Aerosols↗

PubMed1988