Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V V Zaretskiĭ.
The methods of intravital study of the cat lungs have been updated. A device has been designed for the investigation of microvessels in extended lung areas of spontaneously breathing closed-chest cats. The principles for quantitative analysis of microcirculatory lung parameters have been elaborated. These new methods allow the study of important natural phenomena of the lung microvascular functions.
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Echocardiographic findings were analysed in 25 patients after surgical application of biological mitral valve prosthesis BAKS-M and 10 patients with paravalvular fistulas developing after similar operations employing different types of prosthesis. A tendency to increased postoperative size of the heart, left-atrial systolic turbulent flow, normalized ventricular septal movement and high-frequency oscillations of the aortic valve cusps are characteristic echocardiographic signs of paravalvular fistula.
Echocardiographic signs of subvalvular fusions are discussed, as they frequently complicate the course of mitral stenosis. The diagnostic value of two-dimensional echo-cardiography is established for this abnormality. Subvalvular fusions of the chordal apparatus are shown to be associated with certain signs on the two-dimensional echocardiogram, such as additional echoes under mitral valve cusps in short-axis heart section (sensitivity 67.2%, specificity 90.7%), and mitral orifice drawn towards the interventricular septum (sensitivity 35.7%, specificity 93.5%), thickened subvalvular structures in the long-axis section of the heart's left compartments (sensitivity 40.7%, specificity 82.9%), and fissural or "coma-like" shape of the mitral orifice.
A comparative study of early post-operative changes in a number of echocardiographic parameters was carried out in patients with pure and prevailing mitral stenosis following an open (24 patients) and closed (32 patients) mitral commissurotomy. The increment in the rate of early diastolic fall of the anterior mitral cusp, and total valve excursion, as well as reverse dynamics of the maximum left-atrial anteroposterior size were shown to differ significantly in post-open-commissurotomy patients from the corresponding parameters observed following the closed-technique operation. Mitral stenosis correction under visual control was associated with more effective as well as more radical results.
Twenty-nine patients were investigated in order to assess diagnostic possibilities of ultrasonic investigation with regard to tricuspid incompetence. Three highly specific and fairly sensitive criteria of trans-tricuspid regurgitation were identified in addition to a series of indirect echographic signs of tricuspid incompetence. Ultrasonic investigations of the heart, such as one- and two-dimensional and, particularly, contrast echocardiography, are fairly reliable instruments of the preoperative diagnosis of tricuspid incompetence.
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Non-invasive diagnostic procedures (electrocardiography, spiroergometry, polycardiography) were compared with selective coronarography and left-side radioventriculography in 132 patients with chronic post-infarction aneurysm of the heart, in order to demonstrate their respective diagnostic values for the assessment of coronary and myocardial reserves of the heart. It was shown that physical stress tolerance, pO2max, the oxygen debt/oxygen requirement percentage ratio could be indicative of disturbed coronary reserve, while prolonged P wave and left-atrial deviation time, the number of abnormal Q and QS waves and increased resting myocardial contractility index (above 0.550) suggested impaired myocardial contractility.
The authors analyse complex employment of the method of ultrasonic echography, rheography and thermography in detecting early symptoms of acute pyelonephritis of the transplanted kidney in 246 patients. Characteristic features of acute pyelonephritis of the transplanted kidney are determined and the method of differential diagnosis between acute pyelonephritis of the transplant and the rejection crisis is proposed. The methods of examination are described allowing the dynamic observation of the transplanted kidney state.
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The test involving isometric muscular tension has been proved promising for the non-invasive quantitative evaluation of the severity of coronary insufficiency. Fifty-seven males with coronary stenosing atherosclerosis and 24 normal subjects have been studies. It has been shown that the isometric test is the method of choice in angina at rest and of a low effort as well as in labile angina, whereas tests with increasing exercise are more adequate in angina associated with moderate and hard exercise.
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