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Biomedical subjects

V Veitl

Publications and source records attributed to V Veitl.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Calorimetric results in man: energy output in normal and overweight subjects.

In order to test the practicability of 24-hr investigations with the gradient-free Vienna Whole-Body Calorimeter, energy output was measured over 24-hr periods in 18 human subjects. Heat loss was partitioned into dry and evaporative components. Sixteen female subjects were divided into normal-weight (less than 100% according to the Broca index), overweight (100%--120%), and obese (over 120%) groups. A male with severe hypothyroidism, and a female with no signs of impairment of thyroid function who had weight problems that were suspected to be due to low energy expenditure, were studied separately. Subjects reported that the calorimeter chamber was sufficiently comfortable for at least a 24-hour investigation. Overweight and obese subjects showed both greater total heat output and greater inter-individual variability than the normal weight group. Normal and overweight subjects were on steady levels of food intake that were representative of usual intake. For normal subjects there was a relatively close correspondence between energy intake and output, but not for overweight subjects. Thyroid hormone therapy produced a large increase in energy output in the hypothyroid patient. Energy expenditure was found to be unusually low in the patient with weight problems and was increased by about 50% after thyroid hormone administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Protein deficiency in hospital food. Possibilities of using protein preparations].

During a twenty days period, the daily supply of protein with the normal diet was investigated for thirty patients of an emergency station. The system of food distribution allowed precise weighing of each patient's portion. According to the calculation by the "kleine Nährwerttabelle" an average daily protein allowance of 12.4 kcal% at an average daily energy allowance of 2100 kcal with an average worth of material of 20 öS was found. The nitrogen loss accounted in the literature for different stress situations enables to calculate a far higher protein need. The use of protein preparations is discussed for satisfying the need. The possibility to use milk-protein for food preparations was tested. In a trial was found that 46.2% of the patients accepted the given protein-enriched soup. Thus the share of protein in total daily calories should be lifted from 12.4 kcal% to 14.6 kcal% spending only 4.44 öS more than before. Elevating the protein portion with normal food is possible only by spending multiple costs.

Energy Metabolism↗
PubMed1977

[Changes in body composition during various reducing diets].

A method of measuring body density is presented which allows much greater precision in calculating the fat content of the human body than the usual methods of under-water weighing. Using this method, body fat was determined for three groups: normal weight, moderately overweight, and obese subjects. In spite of vast amounts of energy stored in the obese patient, no advantages for the pre- or post-surgical phase result. The explanation for this paradoxical situation is seen in two factors: 1. The cardiovascular system is not capable of delivering more energy because mobilisation of fat depends on corresponding oxygen intake. 2. Aside from this, a metabolic limiting factor exists in the mobilisation of protein reserves for the production of glucose, which leads to a considerable protein loss the first few weeks of a period of abstinence. In posttraumatic or post-operative situations, this protein mobilisation is particularly strong, especially when connected with a high metabolic intake. The high nitrogen loss and/or the high metabolic rate, is illustrated on the basis of severe skull and brain traumas. The differences between absolute fasting and a 200kcal-protein formula diet were experimentally investigated. The nitrogen loss under the protein diet was decisively less. An anabolic phase even reappeared after three weeks of the diet. The 200kcal-diet therefore represents a means of pre-operative weight reduction without protein loss. The alterations in body composition are almost exclusively the results of reduction in excess fat. This is demonstrated by means of clinical examples.

Body Composition↗