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Biomedical subjects

V Venugopal

Publications and source records attributed to V Venugopal.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Increasing trend of extreme rain events over India in a warming environment.

Against a backdrop of rising global surface temperature, the stability of the Indian monsoon rainfall over the past century has been a puzzle. By using a daily rainfall data set, we show (i) significant rising trends in the frequency and the magnitude of extreme rain events and (ii) a significant decreasing trend in the frequency of moderate events over central India during the monsoon seasons from 1951 to 2000. The seasonal mean rainfall does not show a significant trend, because the contribution from increasing heavy events is offset by decreasing moderate events. A substantial increase in hazards related to heavy rain is expected over central India in the future.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Stimulation of pigment accumulation in Anabaena azollae strains: effect of light intensity and sugars.

The influence of high light intensity on the growth and pigment accumulating ability of Anabaena azollae was investigated. A. azollae responded positively to high light intensity (6 klx) and was further evaluated at higher intensities (10 and 15 klx), in the presence of glucose, sucrose and jaggery +/- DCMU. Significant enhancement in phycobiliproteins and carotenoids was observed in the sugar supplemented cultures at high light intensities. SDS-PAGE profiles of whole cell proteins revealed the presence of unique bands in such treatments. Sucrose supplementation induced a 30-90 % increase in carotenoids, phycocyanin and phycoerythrin content at 10 klx. Molecular analysis of the stimulatory and interactive role of sugars on pigment enhancement at high light intensity may aid in better exploitation of cyanobacteria as a source of pigments.

Anabaena↗
PubMed2002

Biosensors in fish production and quality control.

Fishery products are important not only from a nutritional point of view, but also as an item of international trade and foreign exchange earner for a number of countries in the world. Fish and shellfish are highly perishable, and prone to vast variations in quality due to differences in species, environmental habitats, feeding habits, etc. In addition, they can also function as carriers of several microbial and other health hazards. Therefore, maintenance of quality is of utmost importance in production and trade of fishery products. Most of the current quality control techniques are time consuming and cumbersome. There is an excellent scope for the application of biosensors in the seafood industry including the rapidly expanding aquaculture operations for fast assessment of quality. This article discusses the scope of applications biosensors in the seafood industry.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Radiation processing to improve the quality of fishery products.

Extensive investigations, worldwide, in the last 4 decades have shown the benefits of radiation processing for the preservation and microbial quality improvement of seafoods. In the present review, the various factors determining the quality of seafoods are first presented. The basic principles underlying the effects of ionizing radiation and specific effects on food constituents such as proteins, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and tissue enzymes are discussed. Data on radiation processing of seafoods are reported and discussed with respect to shelf life enhancement under refrigeration by control of bacteria causing spoilage, radiation sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms and parasites of public health significance and their elimination in fresh and frozen fishery products, control of insect disinfestation in dried fishery products, influence of irradiation on nutritional and sensory quality attributes, detection of irradiation treatment, economics, and international status.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Value-added products from underutilized fish species.

Fish is a rich source of easily digestible protein that also provides polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals for human nutrition. Nonetheless, a large proportion of total landed fish remains unused due to inherent problems related to unattractive color, flavor, texture, small size, and high fat content. Most of these underutilized fish belong to the abundantly available pelagic species, which are landed as bycatch, and some are unconventional species such as krill. Although some species are used industrially for fish meal manufacture, a need for their conservation and utilization for human consumption has been recognized in order to prevent post-harvest fishery losses. Recovery of flesh by mechanical deboning and development of value-added products are probably the most promising approaches. This article discusses various possibilities for product development using mince from low-cost fishery resources. These include surimi and surimi-based products, sausages, fermented products, protein concentrates and hydrolysates, extruded products, and biotechnological possibilities. The dual advantages of this approach, namely, finding ways for better utilization of low-value fish species and providing protein- rich convenience foods, have been pointed out. However, the key to the success of this approach depends largely on the market strategies utilized.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Radionuclide scanning in the early diagnosis of Perthes' disease.

A prospective survey was carried out on all cases of irritable hip presenting at the Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital over a period of one year. All children had a radioisotope scan of the hips and were then followed for one year by serial radiography. Five of the 50 children seen during the one year had areas of ischaemia in the capital femoral epiphysis demonstrated on the scan. all five developed radiological signs of Perthes' disease within sic months. The remaining 45 had radiographically normal hips at one year.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus: the natural history.

An assessment of 10 patients with osteochondral lesions of the medial or lateral articular surface of the talar dome was based, first on subjective symptoms and second, on an analysis of weight-bearing anteroposterior and lateral X-rays of both ankles. The mean period of follow-up was 15 years 11 months (range 7 to 28 years). In 5 of the 6 patients treated conservatively, radiologic assessment showed that the lesion had failed to heal, but nevertheless in each instance the ankle joint was relatively asymptomatic. Talocrural osteoarthrosis developed in only 2 ankles and was considered to be an uncommon complication in those joints treated either conservatively or by excision of the osteochondral fragment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Regulation of the arginine dihydrolase pathway in Clostridium sporogenes.

Arginine deiminase activity was induced during the vegetative growth of Clostridium sporogenes. The enzyme was sensitive to catabolite repression. The other enzymes of the arginine dihydrolase pathway, namely, ornithine carbamoyl-transferase and carbamate kinase, did not show such variation.

Arginine↗
PubMed1975

Regulatory responses of arginine deiminase in whole cells of Clostridium sporogenes.

Arginine deiminase (EC 3.5.3.6) has been shown to have regulatory properties. The activity was observed to be sigmoidal with respect to substrate concentrations. Addition of histidine to the system caused the abolition of sigmoidal responses. The regulatory properties of the enzyme as well as the desensitising action of histidine could also be demonstrated with whole cell suspensions. The pH of the system also seemed to influence modulations in the enzyme.

Arginine↗