Biomedical subjects

V Villanacci

Publications and source records attributed to V Villanacci.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasound guided percutaneous fine-needle biopsy in a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare disease; clinical features depend on which intestinal layer is involved. In our report a 70-year-old woman presented with intestinal subocclusion and ascites. Endoscopic biopsies of gastric mucosa were negative. Ultrasound guided percutaneous fine-needle biopsy showed muscle infiltration by eosinophils of muscle layer of the stomach and jejunum. Muscular and serosal disease are usually diagnosed only by laparotomy or laparoscopy.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Life-threatening digestive haemorrhage from duodenal recurrence of gastric cancer.

Invasion of the duodenum by gastric carcinoma is not uncommon. The duodenal invasion by transpiloric infiltration through the submucosal layer or lymphatic spread frequently being microscopic and in minimal number of cases involving the mucosa, is generally asymptomatic and detected only in postmortem examinations. We report a case of life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding from cancer recurrence at duodenal stump after subtotal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. In such cases it can be very hard to find the haemorrhagic source because of the difficulties encountered in endoscopic and radiological evaluation of the duodenal stump.

Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Multifocal gastric carcinoid associated with chronic type A atrophic gastritis. Analysis of 2 clinical cases].

Gastric carcinoid is a rare disease, representing less than 1% of gastric tumours and 11-41% of all gastrointestinal carcinoids. The recent Solcia's classification distinguishes three subtypes of these neoplasms, which show specific clinical and pathological features. Type one arises in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CGA), achlorhydria, hypergastrinemia and consequent enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia and dysplasia. Type two is related to Zollinger Ellison syndrome and type three represents the sporadic kind. We report two cases of multifocal gastric carcinoid associated to CGA, one of them with pernicious anemia. Both patients had aspecific abdominal symptoms; the diagnosis was suspected by upper endoscopy and confirmed by histological examination. Patients were submitted to total gastrectomy. They are still alive six years after surgery, without signs or symptoms of recurrences. Treatment of these tumours is controversial, because of their uncertain biological and clinical behaviour. Some Authors propose a conservative strategy (only endoscopic surveillance or removal); others stress importance of surgery (antrectomy or gastric resection). We discuss and underline the role of surgical therapy and the relevance of radical approach.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of 1,2 DMH-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci after administration of a gastrin receptor antagonist (CR2945), in the murine model.

Our previous experimental data demonstrated that a new gastrin receptor antagonist (CR2945) has a chemopreventive effect on dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in mice. The aim of this study is to test the effect of CR2945 on the appearance and distribution of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), proposed as early "preneoplastic" lesions in colon carcinogenesis, in the murine model. 176 CD1 male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: group 1, sham group received 2 daily intra-peritoneal injections of saline solution; group 2 received 1 weekly intra-peritoneal injection of DMH 20 mg/kg, for 5 weeks, and 2 daily intra-peritoneal injections of equal volume of NaCl 0.9%; group 3 and 4 received the same weekly dose of DMH and 2 daily injections of CR2945 at the respective doses of 2.5 and 7.5 mg/Kg for 5 weeks. The rodents were sacrified 15, 20, 25, and 38 weeks after receiving the first injection. The number of ACF per area (ACF frequency), their multiplicity (number of crypts per focus), ACF frequency according to each colonic site were recorded. No ACF were found in the sham group. No substantial differences were observed in ACF distribution between the remaining groups. Our hypothesis is that CR2945 does not alter the final number of ACF but might induce a regression of some dysplastic ACF.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute appendicitis associated to "serrated" adenoma: a case report].

The authors describe a case of acute appendicitis associated "serrated" adenoma (SA). to the histological finding of a SA is a colorectal pre-cancerous lesion which presents the morphological and architectural characteristics of hyperplasic polyps, combined with aspects of adenomatous dysplasia. SA can eventually evolve into a malignant cancer, similarly to classic adenomatous polyps. Clinical and pathological aspects of this lesion are hereby analysed, with respect to recent Literature data.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

PNA: a marker of neoplastic progression and differentiation in the gastro-intestinal tract.

We examined 35 cases of stomach carcinoma and 40 cases of colonic carcinoma with PNA associated with peroxidase (peanut agglutinin, lectin which binds to the terminal disaccharide galactose beta (1,3)-N-acetil-galacto-samine). In this way evaluation of the functional aspects of the normal-neoplastic sequence was undertaken. This method was carried out for histological and ultrastructural investigations. The results obtained in both cases showed a different reactivity in the evolution of neoplastic disease: in fact, positivity in dysplasia is finely granular intracytoplasmic, whereas in well-differentiated neoplastic transformation such a reactivity is preferentially localized along the cellular membranes, with restoration of gross positivity in the cytoplasm for the poorly-differentiated neoplasm. We therefore believe PNA to be a marker not only of neoplastic progression but of differentiation as well: we also hypothesize it to reveal glycoprotein groups with possible antigenic power, involved in immunologic interactions between tumor and host.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The gastrointestinal tract in H.I.V. patients. Anatomopathologic aspects of opportunistic infections].

The symptoms of the Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (A.I.D.S.) in the gastrointestinal tract are principally represented by neoplastic processes (Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma) and by opportunistic infections. These infections, for the diversity of bacterial, viral or parasitic etiological agents which are involved, ask for new and more specific interpretative problems, from the pathological point of view-either in the identification of the pathogenic agents either in the recognition of infective lesions associated with the presence of a not directly objectivable infective agent. On the basis of these considerations the authors report the principal histopathological characteristics connected with opportunistic infections of the gastrointestinal tract in 18 H.I.V. positive patients. Of every segment of the gastrointestinal tract, the detected agents are described with the lesions related to them, the other not specific A.I.D.S. associated infective forms recently described in literature, and in particular the differential diagnostic problems connected with viral infections. In the large bowel must be underlined the problems and the principal distinctive elements between opportunistic agents derived colitis and idiopathic colitis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cryptosporidiosis of human large intestine in H.I.V. Report of a case examined under light and electron microscope study.

The Light and Electron Microscope aspects of a colonic Cryptosporidiosis in a H.I.V. patient are reported. The authors stresses the importance of Endoscopic biopsies and Electron Microscopic studies in confirming the microbiologic stool examination for oocysts of the parasite. In particular, by an histological point of view, there are no specific findings indicative for Cryptosporidium infection, apart the identification of the parasite forms with PAS, Giemsa and Grocott stains. Electron Microscopy reveals in this case only the presence of Macrogametocyte.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗