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Biomedical subjects

V White

Publications and source records attributed to V White.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Melanoma prevention: behavioral and nonbehavioral factors in sunburn among an Australian urban population.

BACKGROUND: To determine the independent contribution of behavioral factors to the occurrence of sunburn, sun protection behavior was assessed over 13 successive summer weekends in a total of 1,655 adults in Melbourne, Australia. METHODS: Telephone survey respondents provided detailed accounts of activities engaged in, time spent outside, and hat, clothing, and sunscreen coverage in the 4 hr around the solar midday on both weekend days, as well as skin type, sociodemographic descriptors, and degree of sunburn experienced. Independent measures of atmospheric temperature and ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) were added to individual records. RESULTS: The (mostly recreational) weekend sunburn in this urban sample was strongly associated with UVR, as expected. Temperature at 3 PM, sensitive skin type, youthfulness, and being male were also independently associated with sunburn. After all other predictors were controlled for, the body exposure index (which took into account time outside and hat, clothing, and sunscreen coverage) made a strong independent contribution to the explanation of sunburn (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that behavior change strategies to prevent malignant melanoma of the skin are warranted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The basis of the histamine assay in skin.

1. The assay of wheal response to histamine injected sub-epidermally has been reviewed. Several discrepant claims were found in earlier work. 2. The saline control injection may evoke a wheal, which if present should be allowed for in the assay procedure. 3. There was no evidence for a limb dominance effect. 4. Using a 3.26 mM (1 mg ml-1) standard solution of histamine acid phosphate (1.18 mM as free base) and 0.1 ml injections, the straight central portion of the assay curve was found to be between 0.3 and 2.3 x 10(-3) mM, as free base, with an ED50 of about 0.018 mM histamine base.

Histamine↗
PubMed1979

The initiation of gait.

The initiation of gait was studied utilizing electromyography, force-plate data, measurements of walking velocities, and ranges of motion of joints, all of which demonstrated that gait is initiated by the body becoming unbalanced in such a way as to permit a subject to pick one foot the ground in order to take the first step. The subsequent transition of the body to the steady gait pattern occurs rapidly over a period of appproximately three steps. This transition involves rapid changes in the measured forces and activities of the muscles of the lower extremity and the motion of the joints reflects these changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Distribution of tetrahydrouridine in experimental animals.

2-14C-tetrahydrouridine was prepared and used to determine the serum levels and excretion of tetrahydrouridine by varous experimental animals. In mice injected ip with the agent (50 mg/kg), the serum level of tetrahydrouridine was maximum (76 mug/ml) at 15 minutes. For rats injected with the same dose, the tetrahydrouridine content of serum was greatest (58 mug/ml) at 30 minutes. Within 3 hours, the serum content of the drug in both mice and rats fell to less than 10% of the maximum. The kidneys of mice selectively accumulated tetrahydrouridine; the concentration rose to 275 mug/g at 1 hour after injection. Nearly all of the dose was excreted unchanged in the urine of mice and rats in 24 hours. For a dog and a monkey given an iv dose (50 mg/kg) of tetrahydrouridine, serum levels of the agent were 210 and 200 mug/ml, respectively, at 5 minutes. The apparent half-lives for the initial phase of disappearance were 18 and 20 minutes and those for the later phase were 65 and 70 minutes, respectively. In 24 hours the dog and monkey excreted most of the dose as unchanged tetrahydrouridine. No metabolites were detected in the biologic samples from either species.

Animals↗