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Biomedical subjects

Van B Haywood

Publications and source records attributed to Van B Haywood.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Number of in-office light-activated bleaching treatments needed to achieve patient satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE: In-office bleaching has become very popular for patients desiring immediate results. This report discusses the efficacy of in-office bleaching using high-intensity xenon halogen tungsten light on 73 patients in a private practice over 6 months. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Thirty-five percent hydrogen peroxide gel was applied to the tooth surfaces, and then both arches were illuminated with the LumaArch unit light for 8 minutes. The entire procedure was completed 3 times for a total application time of 24 minutes. Thereafter, patients returned every 2 weeks for another 24-minute in-office treatment until the patient was satisfied or did not want additional treatment. After completion of bleaching, patients were classified into groups according to the number of treatments they received. When requested, home bleaching was used as a follow-up treatment. The degree of color change and color relapse were evaluated at baseline and immediately, 2 weeks, and 6 months after bleaching. Also evaluated was the number of patients that requested home bleaching. RESULTS: Of the 73 patients who received 1 to 4 in-office bleaching procedures, 58 were satisfied. Twenty-seven patients requested home bleaching. The average color change per appointment was 2.1 to 3.7 units on a 16-scale Vita Classic shade guide. Color relapse was more noticeable at the 2-week interval than at the 6-month postbleaching evaluation. CONCLUSION: In-office bleaching may be an alternative for patients who do not like home bleaching. In-office treatment may achieve satisfactory results, but often more than 1 visit is necessary to achieve patient satisfaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Student accuracy and evaluation of a computer-based audience response system.

We have incorporated an audience response system into our curriculum to increase student interaction in the teaching process. Classroom Performance System (CPS) is a computer-based audience response system that allows students to answer questions posed to the entire class by entering responses on a keypad. The responses are tallied and displayed on the classroom screen for all students to see. The purpose of our study was to determine student accuracy using the system with three different methods of administering questions. A secondary purpose was to assess students' perceptions about using the system. Our hypothesis for the study was that there should be no difference in volunteer accuracy or questionnaire responses to the three methods of gathering responses. Sixty-two dental students volunteered to participate. Using three methods (projected on a screen, verbal, and written), volunteers were given "responses" to enter into the system using CPS wireless remote answering devices. In the projected and verbal formats, the teacher managed the assessment by controlling the pace of input. In the written format, students were given responses on paper to input into the system at their own pace. At the end of the sessions, volunteers completed an anonymous questionnaire regarding their experiences with the system. The accuracy of responses was similar in the teacher-managed assessments (projected and verbal format). There was a statistical difference in the accuracy of responses in the student-managed assessment (p=<0.000001). Questionnaire responses also showed that students preferred teacher-managed assessments. The hypothesis was disproved. The overall response to this audience response system and its methods of gathering information was very positive.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

Brushing with a potassium nitrate dentifrice to reduce bleaching sensitivity.

OBJECTIVE: This research systematically evaluated the use of a clinically proven desensitizing dentifrice prior to a bleaching regimen in a randomized, multi-center, parallel group, open label clinical study following Good Clinical Practice guidelines. METHODOLOGY: Fourteen dental offices in West Palm Beach, Florida participated in the study during April/May 2004. Fourteen days prior to bleaching, impressions and oral soft tissue assessments were performed, and patients were randomized to either a KNO3 plus fluoride dentifrice (Sensodyne Fresh Mint), or a standard fluoride dentifrice (Crest Regular), brushing 2x per day. On Day 14, patients returned to the dental office for their custom tray and the dispensation of a bleaching kit (Day White Excel 3; 9.5% hydrogen peroxide and KNO3). This was used daily according to the manufacturer's instructions for 30 minutes, and normal oral hygiene continued to be performed using the assigned toothbrush and dentifrice, brushing 2x per day. At the end of each bleaching day, patients answered diary questions about the occurrence and intensity of sensitivity. At the conclusion of the 14-day bleaching period (Day 28), patients returned to their dental office for re-examination, returning all products and diaries. Within seven days of completing the study, patients answered a telephone patient satisfaction survey. RESULTS: A total of 202 patients in fourteen (14) dental offices completed all aspects of the study and were used for the analysis. The professionally dispensed bleaching product provided an improvement of approximately 4.4 Vita shades, regardless of whether it was used with the KNO3 plus fluoride (Sensodyne) or a standard fluoride (Crest) dentifrice. The patient perception of increased sensitivity caused by the bleaching treatment was low but measurable. In the first week of the bleaching, significantly more patients using the KNO3 plus fluoride dentifrice were free from sensitivity (58%) than the standard fluoride dentifrice group (42%). During the 14-day bleaching treatment period, the KNO3 dentifrice patients experienced significantly more "sensitivity free days" (average = 10.1) compared to the standard fluoride dentifrice group (average = 8.6). CONCLUSION: The use of the KNO3 plus fluoride dentifrice (Sensodyne), two weeks prior to and throughout bleaching, may be a useful adjunct for the management of sensitivity caused by professionally dispensed bleaching products. With the bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity, those patients in the KNO3 plus fluoride toothpaste group were significantly more satisfied with their whitening experience and willing to repeat the bleaching treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Treating sensitivity during tooth whitening.

The most common side effect of tooth whitening is tooth sensitivity. There are a number of materials and techniques for reducing sensitivity. This article focuses on potassium nitrate applied either by brushing before initiating whitening or by application via a tray during whitening to reduce sensitivity. A detailed step-by-step procedure for managing hypersensitive patients is described.

Dentin Sensitivity↗
PubMed2003

The teaching and treatment of upper airway sleep disorders in North American dental schools.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Many dental patients suffer from upper airway sleep disorders (UASD) that affect the quantity and quality of their sleep. These disorders vary from minor annoyances to life-threatening conditions. Even though dentists can play a role in the successful treatment of these patients with oral devices, few do. This lack of participation, in part, may be due to lack of education. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine which North American dental schools include the treatment of UASD in their curriculum. This information may prove helpful to other schools in determining whether, and to what degree, they should teach about UASD and its treatment options. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey instrument (questionnaire) was mailed to all of the North American dental schools (n = 64) affiliated with the American Association of Dental Schools. The questionnaire consisted of 9 multipart questions. Major categories of questions included the following: (1) Is the subject of UASD a part of the school curriculum? If so, in what department is it taught? (2) Are oral devices fabricated for patients or is the experience only at the didactic level? (3) What diagnostic procedures are required? (4) What types of oral devices are fabricated and what is the success rate/recall frequency? (5) What is the patient source? (6) If this subject area is not covered either didactically or clinically, why not? The data were analyzed by use of descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Forty-three of the 64 schools that received the survey responded. Forty-two percent of the schools that responded are teaching the treatment of UASD with oral devices. There is no apparent consensus with regard to whether to teach the subject, at what level, or to what degree. CONCLUSION: Even though many dental patients suffer from potentially life-threatening sleep disorders, many of which could be treated with oral devices, fewer than half of the reporting dental schools currently include this area as part of their curriculum. This lack of inclusion is caused primarily by a lack of familiarity with the information available and a lack of available curriculum time.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2003

Treatment of endemic fluorosis and tetracycline staining with macroabrasion and nightguard vital bleaching: a case report.

A patient, diagnosed with a combination of level 3 endemic dental fluorosis and degree 1 tetracycline staining, was treated sequentially by macroabrasion techniques and nightguard vital bleaching. Various pairings of diamond and carbide burs, abrasive disks, rotary polishing points, and diamond polishing pastes were tested to obtain the optimal combination for macroabrasion. This conservative treatment regimen produced results that were termed "excellent" by the patient and met the goals of the dentists.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Frequently asked questions about bleaching.

Nightguard vital bleaching, or at-home bleaching using a 10% carbamide peroxide material in a custom-fitted tray, has become the standard for tooth whitening. This article answers many of the questions associated with this process, and compares the procedure with other whitening options.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Greening of the tooth-amalgam interface during extended 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth: a case report.

UNLABELLED: At-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide in a custom-fitted tray has been shown to have some minor effects on certain brands of amalgam, pertaining to mercury release, but generally, effects on amalgam are not considered clinically significant. However, in this case report, a greening of the tooth structure in certain areas immediately adjacent to amalgam restorations in the maxillary and mandibular first molars occurred during tooth whitening. Other amalgam restorations in mandibular and maxillary second molars in the same mouth did not demonstrate any green discoloration of the teeth. Upon removal of the affected amalgam restorations, recurrent decay was present in the areas of tooth greening but not in other areas adjacent to the restoration. The teeth were restored with posterior composite restorations. Whether the green discoloration was a result of some loss of material from a particular brand of amalgam, indicating leakage, or indicative of original or recurrent tooth decay is unclear in this single-patient situation. Other patients in the same study did not demonstrate this occurrence. Dentists should be ready to replace amalgam restorations should this green discoloration in adjacent tooth structure occur during bleaching, in case decay is present. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The unusual discoloration cited suggests that amalgam restorations in potentially esthetic areas, including the lingual of anterior teeth, should be replaced prior to bleaching, to avoid the problem of difficult stain removal or translucency allowing restoration visibility following bleaching.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Safety and stability of nightguard vital bleaching: 9 to 12 years post-treatment.

PURPOSE: The purposes of this retrospective case series study were to evaluate safety issues and determine participants' perceptions of a nightguard vital bleaching (NGVB) technique approximately 10 years post-treatment (average, 118 mo; range, 108-144 mo). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample included 30 (79%) of 38 participants who had completed a previous NGVB study using a 10% carbamide peroxide solution (Proxigel or Gly-Oxide) in a custom tray for 6 weeks. Participants were asked whether there had been any change in the shade of their teeth post-treatment and, if so, to quantify the change on a verbal scale. In addition, 19 participants had gingival index and tooth vitality evaluated clinically, external cervical root anatomy evaluated radiographically, and enamel surface changes evaluated microscopically. RESULTS: Thirty-five (92%) of the original 38 participants had successful lightening of their teeth. At approximately 10 years post-treatment (average, 118 mo; range, 108-144 mo), external cervical resorption was not diagnosed and gingival index and tooth vitality findings were considered within the normal expectations for the sample studied, suggesting minimal clinical post-NGVB side effects at approximately 10 years. Scanning electron microscopic observations did not reveal substantial differences between treated and nontreated surfaces. Color stability, as perceived by 43% of the participants, may last approximately 10 years (average, 118 mo; range, 108-144 mo) post-treatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Nightguard vital bleaching using 10% carbamide peroxide is safe and effective, with no noticeable side effects, at approximately 10 years (average, 118 mo; range, 108-144 mo) post-treatment. Color stability, as perceived by 43% of the participants, may last 108 to 144 months post-whitening.

Adult↗