Victoria A Osborne | PubMed Health

PubMed2006

Interrater reliability and coding guide for nonpsychotic formal thought disorder.

Reliable and valid assessment of abnormal speech patterns may enable earlier recognition of nonpsychotic disorders through characteristic speech patterns. This study sought to establish interrater reliability using a standardized guide for scoring. A scoring guide defining 27 elements (e.g., inappropriate self-reference, simple loss of goal, circumstantiality) of disordered thought was developed. The seminal work of Andreasen's and Holzman's groups provided 12 elements, and 15 new elements were suggested by clinical literature. Audiotaped interviews with 12 psychiatric inpatients, adults of both sexes and various ages hospitalized for acute management of nonpsychotic psychiatric disorders, provided speech samples for observation of disordered thought by two independent raters. Using the guide's definitions and accompanying examples of elements of disordered thought, reliability in scoring was high (kappa of .85 for agreement on the presence of any abnormal speech element and kappa values from .66 to 1.00 for agreement on the presence of individual elements).

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Family-responsive psychoeducation groups for families with an adult member with mental illness: pilot results.

This paper documents recent pilot efforts of the Psychoeducation Responsive to Family (PERF) model, a yearlong group for families with an adult member coping with mental illness. PERF advances state-of-the-art in its: (a) application in community settings; (b) utility for families coping with all types of mental illness; (c) use of a standardized model, yet retaining a flexible curriculum responsive to family group membership concerns; and (d) recruitment from one-day family workshops of participants eager to further explore their issues. This report examines changes in these families' knowledge and mastery in a small random assignment study comparing the PERF model (n = 9) with a "usual services" (n = 10) condition. Study participants completed surveys measuring perceived mastery and knowledge at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months for both conditions. Families in the active PERF intervention demonstrated significant post-intervention improvements in four of five variables analyzed. For one of these items, PERF demonstrated significantly greater improvement than the usual care condition. Achievement of significant changes in these measures was examined in relation to timing of presentation of curriculum topics in the groups. Gains in perceived crisis effectiveness temporally correlated with coverage of that topic in the PERF groups, while gains in other items were instead steadily cumulative across the entire year. The encouraging results of this second pilot effort serve to substantiate the initial efforts in developing the PERF group model.

Adaptation, Psychological↗