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Biomedical subjects

Vijay K Dada

Publications and source records attributed to Vijay K Dada.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Contact lens fitting for post-radial-keratotomy residual myopia.

PURPOSE: To formulate guidelines for contact lens fitting following radial keratotomy and to achieve a relationship between contact lens fitting parameters and refractive and keratometric parameters. METHODS: Thirty-five eyes of 30 patients who had post-radial-keratotomy residual myopia were evaluated for contact lens fitting. The base curve was selected by 'hit and trial' method until a proper fit was achieved, following which an over-refraction was done and final power of the contact lens obtained. RESULTS: The mean contact lens base curve was 43.04 +/- 1.62 D, which was steeper than the postoperative keratometry by 2.35 +/- 0.74 D. The base curve and the postoperative keratometry were correlated by regression analysis (r = 0.895, P < 0.001). The mean overall diameter of the contact lenses was 9.64 +/- 0.08 mm. The mean contact lens power was 5.81 +/- 3.07 D, which was more myopic than the residual myopia by 2.79 +/- 1.67 D. Regression analysis showed definite correlation between the contact lens power and postoperative myopia (r = 0.854, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: For correction of post-radial-keratotomy residual myopia, contact lens fitting parameters can be determined by a regression formula using keratometric and refractive values.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Training primary care physicians in community eye health. Experiences from India.

This paper describes the impact of training on primary-care physicians in community eye health through a series of workshops. 865 trainees completed three evaluation formats anonymously. The questions tested knowledge on magnitude of blindness, the most common causes of blindness, and district level functioning of the National Programme for Control of Blindness (NPCB). Knowledge of the trainers significantly improved immediately after the course (chi 2 300.16; p < 0.00001). This was independent of the timing of workshops and number of trainees per batch. Presentation, content and relevance to job responsibilities were most appreciated. There is immense value addition from training primary-care physicians in community eye health. Despite a long series of training sessions, trainer fatigue was minimal; therefore, such capsules can be replicated with great success.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgically induced astigmatism after laser in situ keratomileusis for spherical myopia.

PURPOSE: To study risk factors for surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: In a retrospective case control study of 104 eyes (52 patients) that underwent LASIK for myopia (spherical ablation alone), two groups were studied: 42/104 eyes with SIA, and controls (62/104 eyes). The main variables studied were preoperative refraction, corneal thickness, preoperative keratometric power, amount of ablation, ablation zone diameter, flap thickness, flap size, and the presence of complications. The effect of SIA on visual performance was also evaluated. RESULTS: The mean myopia for which LASIK was undertaken was -4.50 +/- 2.04 D. Mean scalar astigmatism induced was 0.35 +/- 0.50 D at 1 month, 0.33 +/- 0.40 D at 3 months, and 0.16 +/- 0.60 D at 6 months. SIA based on refractive cylinder was 0.66 +/- 0.29 D at 1 month, 0.54 +/- 0.32 D at 3 months, and 0.49 +/- 0.34 D at 6 months. Mean axis of vector induced astigmatism was 82.5 degrees +/- 57 degrees at 1 month, 98.86 degrees +/- 52.4 degrees at 3 months, and 113.9 degrees +/- 62.6 degrees at 6 months. Risk factors associated with the occurrence of SIA were preoperative keratometric power of >44 D [OR (95% CI); 1.97 (0.62 to 6.26)], ablation zone diameter of <6 mm [OR (95 % CI) 2.76; (0.6 to 12.6)], and suction ring diameter of 8.5 mm [OR (95% CI) 12.46; (2.0 to 77.38)]. The occurrence of SIA had no significant effect on uncorrected Snellen high contrast visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and glare in comparison with controls. CONCLUSION: Surgically induced astigmatism was more likely to occur with the use of smaller suction rings of 8.5 mm and in ablation zones less than 6 mm. Parameters for visual performance were not affected by the presence of surgically induced astigmatism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraoperative arcuate transverse keratotomy with phacoemulsification.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of paired intraoperative arcuate transverse keratotomy at a 7-mm-diameter zone along with a 3.5-mm clear corneal phaco tunnel in the steeper axis to correct pre-existing astigmatism. METHODS: A prospective randomized case-control study was conducted on 34 eyes of 28 patients with immature senile cataract. They were divided into two groups; in one group (17 eyes) intraoperative arcuate keratotomy was coupled with phacoemulsification in the steeper meridian (arcuate keratotomy group; mean preoperative astigmatism 2.28 +/- 0.89 D) and the other group (17 eyes) phacoemulsification was performed in the steeper meridian without arcuate keratotomy (control group; mean preoperative astigmatism 2.04 +/- 0.50 D). The patients were examined at 1 day, and 1, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively. Correction of keratometric astigmatism, surgically induced refractive changes, magnitude and axis of cylinder, spherical equivalent refraction, with and against the wound change, and coupling ratio were evaluated. RESULTS: Mean reduction in keratometric astigmatism in the keratotomy group was 1.26 +/- 0.54 D (P = .0067) and in the control group was 0.48 +/- 0.60 D (P = .0423). The difference in reduction of keratometric astigmatism between the two groups was statistically significant (P = .0296). Surgically induced refractive change at 8 weeks follow-up was 2.15 +/- 1.13 D in the keratotomy group and 1.50 +/- 1.32 D in the control group (P = .046). Coupling ratio was -1.10 +/- 0.43 in the keratotomy group at 8 weeks after surgery while the control group was -0.82 +/- 0.38. CONCLUSION: A combination of intraoperative arcuate keratotomy with steep axis phacoemulsification incision is more effective than steep axis phacoemulsification incision alone in reducing pre-existing astigmatism.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outcomes after laser in situ keratomileusis retreatment in high myopes.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the refractive and visual performance after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) retreatment. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 33 eyes of 23 patients who underwent LASIK (Bausch & Lomb Technolas 217C) retreatment for residual myopia with or without astigmatism. Parameters evaluated were uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent refraction, contrast sensitivity, glare acuity, and pachymetry, preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent refraction before primary LASIK was -9.89 +/- 4.00 D and before retreatment was -2.85 +/- 2.17 D. Although contrast sensitivity and glare acuity decreased significantly after primary LASIK (P<.05), no significant change in these parameters was observed after retreatment. Smaller ablation zones were associated with decreased contrast sensitivity and glare acuity after primary LASIK as well as following retreatment. Contrast sensitivity and glare acuity following primary LASIK were significantly better in eyes with ablation zones > or = 5 mm than those with < 5 mm (P<.05). Eyes in which the ablation zone was the same as that for primary LASIK had significantly better contrast sensitivity than those with different ablation zones (increased or decreased) during retreatment. Attempted refractive correction during primary LASIK and retreatment had a significant negative correlation with contrast sensitivity and glare acuity following primary LASIK as well as retreatment. CONCLUSION: The ablation zones following primary LASIK and retreatment should be > or = 5.00 mm and remain unchanged to improve visual performance.

Adolescent↗