PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Vivian Lewis

Publications and source records attributed to Vivian Lewis.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Clomiphene citrate monitoring for intrauterine insemination timing: a randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare pregnancy rates with two different methods of intrauterine insemination (IUI) timing in patients treated with clomiphene citrate (CC). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENT(S): One hundred fifty ovulatory, infertile women. INTERVENTION(S): Patients were randomized into a luteinizing hormone (LH) surge group or a follicle monitoring/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) group. All patients underwent baseline ultrasound, and took clomiphene citrate, during days 5-9. Patients in the LH surge group underwent IUI on the day after a home test for the LH surge was positive, whereas those in the hCG group received hCG according to ultrasound parameters and underwent insemination 33-40 hours later. Patients remained in the same study group for up to three cycles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy rates per cycle and per patient. RESULT(S): No significant differences were found between groups in pregnancy rates per patient or per cycle. The LH surge group underwent IUI significantly later than the hCG group. Cancellation rates were significantly higher for the LH surge group (31% vs. 11%) and attributable mainly to failure to detect an LH surge. The majority of pregnancies in both treatment groups occurred in the first cycle. CONCLUSION(S): The decision to use hCG for IUI timing should be influenced by factors other than pregnancy rates.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Relationship between seminal ascorbic acid and sperm DNA integrity in infertile men.

Ascorbic acid has recently been reported to protect sperm DNA from the damage induced by exogenous oxidative stress in vitro. But, there is no report on seminal ascorbic acid and sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile men. In this study, we asked whether sperm DNA damage correlates with seminal ascorbic acid levels. Sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was analysed in 75 men by flow cytometry after acridine orange staining. We also measured the levels of seminal plasma ascorbic acid and total antioxidant capacity. Abnormal sperm DNA integrity (DFI >or= 30%) was observed in 12% of the patients with normal semen parameters and in 52% of the patients with abnormal semen parameters. There were significant correlations between the level of DFI and conventional semen parameters including sperm count, motility and morphology (r = -0.29, -0.55 and -0.53 respectively; p < 0.05). Seminal ascorbic acid level was significantly lower in the patients with leucospermia than the patient with normal semen parameters. Interestingly, a significantly greater percentage of men with abnormal DFI were observed in the patients with low levels of seminal ascorbic acid compared with those with normal or high levels of ascorbic acid (59% vs. 33%, p < 0.05). Men with insufficient seminal ascorbic acid frequently have sperm DNA damage.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Prevention of coronary heart disease: a nonhormonal approach.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a common and serious health problem facing women as they move beyond the reproductive years. Until recently, many postmenopausal women and their physicians relied heavily on hormone therapy to prevent cardiovascular disease, neglecting the well-recognized nonhormonal aspects of cardiovascular health. Simple lifestyle changes--exercise, diet, weight control, and avoidance of tobacco--can significantly reduce the chance of heart disease and its major risk factors, which are essentially the same for men and women. As with men, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes are the major risk factors for heart disease in women. This review discusses the epidemiologic studies linking these risk factors to CHD in women, the guidelines for screening, and a brief overview of treatment recommendations.

Body Weight↗