Biomedical subjects

Voitto Haukisalmi

Publications and source records attributed to Voitto Haukisalmi.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Paranoplocephala buryatiensis n. sp. and P. longivaginata Chechulin & Gulyaev, 1998 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) in voles of the genus Clethrionomys.

A new species, Paranoplocephala buryatiensis n. sp. (Cestoda:Anoplocephalidae), is described from the grey-sided vole Clethrionomys rufocanus (Sundevall) in the Republic of Buryatia (Russian Federation) and compared with P. longivaginata Chechulin & Gulyaev, 1998, a parasite of the red vole C. rutilus (Pallas) in the same region. P. buryatiensis n. sp. and P. longivaginata both have an exceptionally long vagina and cirrus, unique features among known species of Paranoplocephala Lühe, 1910. The new species differs from P. longivaginata primarily by its wider and more robust body, lower length/width ratio of mature proglottides, tendency of testes to occur in two separate groups, seminal receptacle of a different shape and the position of the cirrus-sac with respect to the ventral longitudinal osmoregulatory canal. The cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence data support the independent status of these species, and show that they form a monophyletic assemblage within Paranoplocephala (sensu lato). Assuming cospeciation, an indirect calibration using host speciation dates estimated a rate of mtDNA substitution of 1.0-1.7% pairwise (0.5-0.85% per lineage) sequence divergence per million years. A faunistic review of Paranoplocephala species in C. rufocanus and C. rutilus in the Holarctic region is presented.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Molecular phylogeny and systematics of anoplocephaline cestodes in rodents and lagomorphs.

A molecular phylogenetic hypothesis is presented for the anoplocephaline cestodes of placental mammals based on sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene, the nuclear-encoded 28S rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer region I of rRNA (ITS1). The material consists of 35 species representing nine genera of cestodes, with emphasis on taxa parasitising rodents and lagomorphs in the Holarctic region. The resulting phylogenies show considerable disagreement with earlier systematic and phylogenetic hypotheses derived from morphology. Specifically, the results contradict the view of uterine morphology being the primary determinant of deeper phylogenetic splits within Anoplocephalinae. Also, the role of genital duplication as a means of generic divergence was not found to follow consistently the pattern suggested by earlier hypotheses. Colonisation of novel host lineages has evidently been the predominant mode of diversification in anoplocephaline cestodes of placental mammals; evidence for phyletic co-evolution was obscure. The phylogenies consistently distinguished a large monophyletic group including all species from arvicoline rodents (voles and lemmings), primarily representing the genera Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 and Paranoplocephala Lühe, 1910. Phylogenetic relationships within the "arvicoline clade" of cestodes were generally poorly resolved. Consistent support for nodes above and below the unresolved polytomy indicates a rapid radiation involving a nearly simultaneous diversification of many lineages, a scenario also proposed for the arvicoline hosts.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Morphological characterisation of Paranoplocephala bairdi (Schad, 1954) (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) in heather voles Phenacomys spp. and tree voles Arborimus spp., and related species in voles and lemmings (Muridae: Arvicolinae).

The taxonomical status of Paranoplocephala bairdi (Schad, 1954)-like cestodes (Anoplocephalidae) in heather voles Phenacomys spp. and tree voles Arborimus spp. (Muridae: Arvicolinae) and their discrimination from five related species of Paranoplocephala is assessed using uni- and multivariate morphometrics. The analyses support the independent status and conspecificity of specimens from Phenacomys spp. and Arborimus spp., and P. bairdi is therefore suggested to be a host-specialist species of heather and tree voles with a wide geographical distribution in North America. A redescription is presented for P. bairdi.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2003

Echinococcus granulosus in Finland.

Echinococcus granulosus is shown to occur in eastern Finland in a sylvatic cycle involving wolves (Canis lupus) as the definitive host and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and probably also elk (Alces alces) and the wild forest reindeer (Rangifer tarandus fennicus) as intermediate hosts. Even though the prevalence of E. granulosus in reindeer has increased in recent years, it is still very low (<0.013%). The results suggest, however, that the reindeer is a good sentinel animal to show the contamination of soil with Echinococcus eggs. This is the first report of wolves acting as a definitive host for E. granulosus in northern Europe. The parasite seems to be quite common in the Finnish wolf population, with a prevalence of approximately 30% in both intestinal and faecal samples. The present results and previous ones indicate that E. granulosus infection has not spread to dogs in the reindeer herding area.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

What is Paranoplocephala macrocephala (Douthitt, 1915) (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae)?

We present a redescription for Paranoplocephala macrocephala (Douthitt, 1915) in the type host, Geomys bursarius (Shaw) (hereafter PMG), and compare it with a P. macrocephala-like taxon in Microtus pennsylvanicus (Ord) (hereafter PMM) and P. kalelai (Tenora, Haukisalmi & Henttonen, 1985) in Clethrionomys rufocanus (Sundevall) using uni- and multivariate (discriminant analysis) morphometric methods. P. kalelai was found to be most divergent among these three taxa using both uni- and multivariate analyses, supporting its status as an independent species. Most of the observed metrical differences between PMG and PMM were found to reflect the larger body size of PMM; the relative size of organs (ratios) did not usually differ significantly between these taxa. The length/width ratio of mature segments was found to be the only size-independent feature that reliably separates PMG and PMM. Since PMM and PMG are also qualitatively very similar, e.g. with respect to the distribution of testes and morphology of the terminal genital ducts, the present analysis could not provide conclusive evidence against their conspecificity. However, the morphological variability and wide host and geographical distribution of P. macrocephala-like cestodes in North American voles of the genus Microtus, and the patterns of host-specificity within Paranoplocephala, suggest that this complex probably includes several species.

Alaska↗