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Biomedical subjects

W A Cowlishaw

Publications and source records attributed to W A Cowlishaw.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

The penetration of antibiotics into the normal intervertebral disc.

The role of antibiotics in the treatment of disc-space infection is controversial. This study assessed the tissue penetration of flucloxacillin and cephradine into the normal intervertebral disc after intravenous administration of a bolus dose of antibiotic. Twenty-five discs were removed from 12 adolescent patients having anterior spinal surgery to correct scoliosis; antibiotic had been administered between 30 minutes and four hours before operation. Despite high blood levels, no antibiotic could be detected by bioassay or by high-pressure liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.) in any of the specimens from the nucleus pulposus or the annulus fibrosus.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

Gram-negative bacillary meningitis in neonates: a glimmer of therapeutic success.

A combination of gentamicin and ceftazidime was used to treat four neonates with Gram-negative bacillary meningitis. The causative organisms were Escherichia coli (3 cases) and Enterobacter agglomerans (1 case). The laboratory findings, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ceftazidime levels and bactericidal activity demonstrated that penetration of the cephalosporin into the cerebrospinal fluid was adequate. The antibiotics caused no side effects and all the patients responded well. On follow up none of the patients exhibited neurological deficits.

Ceftazidime↗
PubMed1984

Norfloxacin: activity against urinary tract pathogens and factors influencing the emergence of resistance.

The activity of norfloxacin was investigated in vitro in conventional minimum inhibitory concentration tests, by continuous turbidimetry and in a mechanical model simulating the hydrokinetic conditions that exist in the treatment of bacterial cystitis. The high activity of norfloxacin against virtually all bacterial pathogens isolated from infected urine was confirmed. However, in urine agar (pH 6 X 5) and in DST agar adjusted to pH 5 X 5, the activity was substantially reduced. Turbidimetric experiments indicated that increases in resistance to norfloxacin could be induced easily by sequential subculture, but results obtained in the bladder model, where conditions of exposure more closely resemble those that exist during the treatment of infection, suggest that such resistance is unlikely to arise commonly during treatment.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of trimethoprim-resistant, sulfonamide-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae from urinary tract infections.

The isolation of trimethoprim-resistant, sulfonamide-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections is reported. The appearance of these strains followed the introduction of trimethoprim alone for use as treatment. Trimethoprim resistance was attributable to plasmids or transposons less frequently in sulfonamide-susceptible Escherichia coli isolates than in sulfonamide-resistant strains.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1976

Meningitis caused by an alkali-producing pseudomonad.

The clinical and microbiological features of a case of meningitis, due to an alkali-producing pseudomonad which closely resembles Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, are described. A respiratory infection and a course of antibiotic therapy before admission to hospital may have been predisposing factors to opportunistic infection by this normally saprophytic organism. The problems of identifying alkali-producing pseudomonads are discussed.

Alkalies↗