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Biomedical subjects

W A Crosbie

Publications and source records attributed to W A Crosbie.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Acute oxygen toxicity in a saturation diver working in the North Sea.

A commercial diver taking part in a saturation dive (O2-He) was exposed intermittently to 1.4 b of oxygen for a total of 55 h. He developed the syndrome associated with oxygen pulmonary toxicity. Detailed pulmonary function spirometry tests before and after the incident showed that a significant decrease in the forced vital capacity and forced expired volume in 1 s occurred and full recovery was at this time not present 12 weeks after the incident, although by this time he demonstrated a high state of cardiopulmonary fitness. These findings indicate that the lung damage caused by acute oxygen toxicity take more than 12 weeks to disappear, but the condition does seem to be reversible.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Incidence and pathophysiology of pulmonary edema in fulminant hepatic failure.

Thirty-seven of 100 consecutive patients with fulminant hepatic failure had clinical and radiological evidence of pulmonary edema. None of them had clinical evidence of left heart failure, and the pulmonary artery wedge pressure measured in 12 patients was normal. Similarly, there was no evidence to incriminate renal failure, endotoxemia, or hypoalbuminemia. However, there was a significantly higher incidence of pulmonary edema in patients with cerebral edema, suggesting either a central origin for the pulmonary edema or common factors predisposing to edema in both sites. An additional local factor may have been the presence of intrapulmonary vasodilatation. Detailed isotope studies in 11 patients showed a significantly increased pulmonary extravascular water volume in the patients with pulmonary edema which was in keeping with the severity of the radiological changes. Although the over-all mortality was higher in those patients with pulmonary edema than in those without, the difference was not significant, and early ventilation with positive and expiratory pressure achieved adequate oxygenation in all but 3 patients.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1977

Physical characteristics and ventilatory function of 404 commercial divers working in the North Sea.

The physical characteristics and simple lung ventilatory indices (FVC, FEV 1, FEV 1/FVC) of 404 commercial divers employed by companies operating in the North Sea were analysed. These findings were correlated with the diving experience and maximum operating depth of each diver. All the divers were men of average height 176-9 cm, and weight 77-1 kg which is greater than average for active Western males, but only 6% were more than 120% of their predicted weight. The average duration of commercial diving was 7-1 years, 11% of divers having less than one year's experience. Sixty-seven per cent had worked at a maximum depth of 200 ft (61 m) and only 6% had worked deeper than 500 ft (153 m). The mean forced vital capacity (FVC) was 120-4% of the predicted value which indicated that they could voluntarily move large amounts of gas in and out of their lungs. This was greatest in the divers who when deepest. The mean forced expired volume in one second (FEV 1) was 117% of the predicted value showing that expiratory airflow capacity was also increased, but to a lesser extent than the FVC. Thper and activated by zinc. Plasma protein protected the enzyme from both inhibition and activation. ALAD activity was found to be an indicator of the total metal ion concentration in the blood and was therfore considered to be of doubtful value in screening large population for increased lead absorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Effect of salmon calcitonin on cardiac output, oxygen transport and bone turnover in patients with Paget's disease.

1. Twelve patients with symptomatic Paget's disease were studied before starting treatment with salmon calcitonin (12-5 mug) subcutaneously twice daily. Eleven of them were studied again after 3 months on this therapy. 2. Although pretreatment values for urinary total hydroxyproline excretion and cardiac output were considerably increased in some patients, there was no correlation between these two variables in the group as a whole. 3. Treatment resulted in a striking reduction in disease activity; the mean urinary hydroxyproline decreased 67%. 4. There was, however, no significant fall in cardiac output or change in oxygen transport during treatment. 5. Of the eight patients with bone pain who received treatment, five claimed complete pain relief.

Aged↗
PubMed1972

Changes in lung capillary permeability in renal failure.

Excess fluid in the lung can be quantified in chronic dialysis patients by using the double indicator dilution technique. The lung capillaries show an increased permeability to sodium when these patents develop pulmonary oedema.

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease↗
PubMed1971

Lung transplantation in a patient with fibrosing alveolitis.

The transplantation of the right lung into a man aged 40 who was suffering from cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis is described. Before transplantation he had been dependent on oxygen, even at rest, for 24 hours a day for almost two years. The donor was a boy of 16 years who had had a fatal cerebral haemorrhage. The transplanted lung functioned perfectly from the time of operation until the patient's sudden death two months later from an overwhelming haemoptysis apparently from a small peribronchial abscess rupturing into the pulmonary artery. By the third postoperative week the patient had been able to walk unaided and without distress outdoors. The problem of differentiating infection from incipient rejection is discussed. We conclude that clinically successful lung transplantation can be achieved, but only if the problems of lung function, infection, and immunosuppression can all be overcome.

Adult↗