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W A Harrell

Publications and source records attributed to W A Harrell.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Do liberated women drive their husbands to drink? The impact of masculine orientation, status inconsistency, and family life satisfaction on male liquor consumption.

Weekly liquor consumption by 62 men married to working wives was found to increase as a function of dissatisfaction with family life and perceived conflict of wife's work and the marriage. Relatively high education in a wife (status inconsistency) directly increased family satisfaction, decreased perceived conflict, and, thereby, indirectly reduced liquor consumption. A liberated masculine orientation facilitated the positive impact of relative education on family life satisfaction and the impact of education on lack of perceived conflict of wife's work and the marital relationship; consequently, the indirect effect of relative education on liquor consumption occurred only for "liberated" husbands.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1980

Alcohol use and prior alcohol-related convictions as predictors of probation officer perceptions and sentencing.

Presentence reports for 740 offenders were content analyzed. Regression techniques were used to evaluate a number of predictors of sentencing, including the effects of number of prior alcohol-related convictions and whether the offender was intoxicated while committing the offense he was charged with. The two most prominent variables affecting the severity of sentence were the probation officer's assessment of the offender's probable success on probation and the legal seriousness of the offense. While failing to have any significant direct effects on sentencing, our measures of alcohol use had significant indirect effects which were mediated by the probation officer's assessment of success on probation and legal seriousness. An extensive criminal record of prior alcohol-related convictions resulted in a poorer prognosis for success on probation this, in turn, led to more severe sentences for these offenders. Intoxication while committing an offense was related to the commission of minor crimes which, subsequently, yielded more lenient treatment for alcohol-users compared to nonusers. Finally, native offenders were more likely than nonnatives to have many prior alcohol-related convictions and to have been intoxicated while committing an offense.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Older motorist yielding to pedestrians: are older drivers inattentive and unwilling to stop?

A field experiment investigated factors expected to influence yielding by motorists to a pedestrian waiting to cross a city street. One-hundred and sixty motorists passing through a marked crosswalk were participants. In addition, data were gathered on 120 baseline motorists who passed through the test intersection when a pedestrian was not present. A comparison of the age composition of the experimental sample with the baseline sample showed that the youngest group of drivers, i.e., under twenty-six years, was significantly more represented in the experimental sample and was more likely to stop for the experimental pedestrian than were motorists in other age groups. Contrary to a prediction that older motorists over age sixty-five would be less attentive to a pedestrian and, therefore, less likely to stop, this oldest group of drivers was not underrepresented in the experimental sample; i.e., their likelihood of yielding matched their likelihood of driving through the intersection. Further analysis, however, revealed that motorists over sixty-five years of age were significantly more likely than younger motorists to stop for a pedestrian who was conspicuously dressed (bright, highly visible clothing) and who was moving to cross the street rather than patiently waiting. Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of difficulties that older drivers have in judging the speed of moving objects in a traffic environment.

Adult↗