PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W A Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to W A Schmidt.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Actinomycins and intrauterine contraceptive devices: the clinicopathologic study.

Since their widespread introduction in the early 1960s, IUD have been considered effective and safe. Early studies revealed the ability of the cavum uteri to regain bacteriologic sterility within 4 weeks of insertion. However, experience with long-term use indicates an enhanced risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, often of proven bacterial origin. Of these pelvic infections the most pernicious are those caused by Actinomyces. We present nine cases of actinomycotic female genital tract infection encountered in the past 3 years. The features of a distinct clinicopathology entity of IUD-associated actinomycotic pelvic disease are described. This disease is one of subtle protean manifestations and is not often diagnosed preoperatively. The most significantly pathogenic factors appear to be the duration of IUD use and the demonstrated relationship between IUD usage and infestation of the vagina with Actinomyces organisms.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1979

Simian rotavirus (SA 11) in serodiagnosis of human rotavirus infections.

Tests were made on 169 sera from children up to 10 years of age for rotavirus antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests. The simian strain SA 11 served as a substitute antigen for the human rotavirus. Furthermore, the SA 11 complement-fixing antigen was compared with a commercial antigen of the bovine rotavirus strain NCDV. It was demonstrated that SA 11 which can be more easily propagated than most bovine strains, may be used as a substitute antigen in complement fixation and indirect immunofluorescence for serodiagnosis of human rotavirus infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The latex agglutination test in virus diagnostic: identification of poliomyelitis and coxsackie viruses.

We examined the practical value of the Latex agglutination test (LA test) in diagnostic virology. Viruses isolated from 125 specimens were identified in the LA test. All results were in agreement with those observed by a neutralization test. The LA test appears to be superior to conventional methods because of its easy handling and a rapid and reliable identification.

Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Immediate mucosal effects of short-term, soft-cuff, endotracheal intubation. A light and scanning electron microscopic study.

Little is known regarding the early pathogenesis of intubation-induced laryngotracheal damage or the effects of presently used soft-cuff endotracheal tubes. We have examined the pathological changes of short-term intubation (four hours) in six mongrel dogs. Interaction of the endotracheal tube with the mucosa produced a variety of lesions ranging from superficial abrasions to ulcerations with the most severe lesions in the respiratory epithelium. Changes are present at the free surfaces of ciliated cells that include flattening, fusion, and erosion of cilia of sufficient extent to compromise ciliary function. The ischemic and mechanical modes of injury are compared; the latter is considered causal with modern soft-cuff tubes. These studies reveal tube-induced mucosal damage of an extent and nature not previously appreciated.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Photoinactivation of the encephalomyocarditis virus.

Encephalomyocarditis virus was photoinactivated by a dilution of 1:30,000 neutral red and 70 minutes exposure to light. A dye inactivation of the EMC virus is possible without destruction of its antigenicity. The EMC virus vaccine induced a good immunity response in mice; we did not find any infectious virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Course of coxsackie B antibodies during juvenile diabetes.

Sera of 83 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes of early onset were tested for latex agglutination-inhibiting antibodies to coxsackie virus types B1-B5. We could not find any evidence of a causal association between Coxsackie B virus infection and diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Virus induced diabetes and the immune system. I. Suggestion that appearance of diabetes depends on immune reactions.

The participation of immune reactions in the EMC virus induced diabetes of the mouse was studied by immunosuppression with 500 R sublethal X-irradiation or 120 mg/kg Asta 5122, a cyclophosphamide derivative. Average glucose levels after X-irradiation and infection remained normal, while virus, infected, otherwise untreated mice, had significantly higher mean glucose levels, indicating that immune reactions are necessary for the development of virus induced diabetes. Immune suppression by the cyclophosphamide derivative led, in contrast, to a significantly increased mean glucose level and increased insulitis in comparison with the controls only infected. This indicates an important role of the cellular immune reaction, insulitis in the destruction of the islets.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Formation and persistence of latexagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in rhesus monkeys infected with Coxsackie virus type B4 (author's transl)].

The formation and persistence of latexagglutination-inhibiting (LAH), neutralizing (N), and complement-fixing (CF) antibodies were in Rhesus monkeys afterr experimental infection with coxsackievirus type B4. In all 3 animals the LAH antibodies showed a significant decrease between the 49th and 56th day after infection. In 2 cases the CF antibodies declined to 25% of their maximum titer on day 84 after infection, and in 2 animals the N antibodies declined between the 70th and 84th day afte infection.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1975

[Persistence of latex-agglutination inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies against enterovirus in the healthy population (author's transl)].

Sera of 122 persons were examined by the neutralization and latex-agglutination inhibition tests for antibodies against Polio type I, Coxsackie virus type A 9 and B 4, as well as Echo virus type 9. With increasing age there was a titre difference between latex-agglutination inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies, due to the earlier fall in the former. These antibodies, contrary to neutralizing ones, were in the lower titre region. The results confirmed the usefulness of the latex-agglutination inhibition test in the diagnosis of acute enterovirus infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

[Diagnostic and prognostic value of endomyocardial biopsy in patients with congestive cardiomyopathy (author's transl)]rdiomyopathy(author.

Endomyocardial biopsies were obtained from the right ventricle in 25 patients with the clinical diagnosis of congestive cardiomyopathy. The biopsies were subjected to virological and histological studies (light and electronmicroscopy) and the findings correlated with clinical data. Abnormal morphological findings were present in all patients. The presumed clinical diagnosis was confirmed in 19, the morphological changes not being consistent with the clinical diagnosis of CCM in six patients. Electronmicroscopy revealed cardiac storage disease in one patient and pathological changes secondary to previous myocarditis in the other five. Clinical follow-up studies of the five patients apparently confirmed the morphological results, because in no case was there clinical deterioration, three patients in fact being in a fairly normal cardiac state at present. Using a morphological scoring system, the 19 patients with morphologically confirmed diagnosis of CCM were subdivided into two groupds, those with four points or less (group I, n equal to 9), and those with five pints or more (group II, n equal to 10). During a mean follow-up period of nearly 12 months the first group had a low mortality rate (n equal to 2), while the other had a high one (n equal to 6). The occurrence of signs of degeneration and mitochondrial alterations, in particular, was associated with a poor clinical prognosis. This differentiation into two groupds could not be achieved by clinical means alone. Type B3 Coxsackie virus was isolated from one biopsy, but no patient had significant serological evidence of virological infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Investigations on immunity against poliomyelitis (author's transl)].

Six virus laboratories from various parts of the German Federal Republic and West Berlin undertook investigations into polio-myelitis immunity in 1972. A total of 267 persons aged up to 20 years were investigated for neutralizing antibodies against the three types of polio virus. The study showed that from the fourth year of life approximately 70% of the persons investigated had antibodies against all three types of polio virus. In some younger children the equivalent values were considerably lower. After the fourth year of life there were only slight differences in the humoral immunity against the three polio virus types. There was no evidence that the immunity level had deteriorated up to the 20th year of life and thus there is no indication of the necessity for a repeat immunisation at a certain time. The investigation confirmed that three oral administrations of trivalent vaccine, as are now generally recommended as basic immunization in the German Federal Republic, result in a conversion rate of over 90% against each of the three virus types.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Virus-induced damage of the myocardial cell.

A total of 330 male 3-week-old mice of the N.M.R.I./Han. strain were infected with the M-variant of the EMC (encephalomyocarditis) virus by subcutaneous inoculation of 0.25 ml of the virus suspension diluted 1:500. Animals were killed at 4- or 6-hour intervals, respectively, and groups of 2 to 8 hearts were taken for virological, morphological, and biochemical studies. Before the 8th hour after the inoculation, no virus and no pathological cell changes could be detected in the hearts; it is assumed, therefore, that there first takes place an extracardiac virus cultiplication. The virus content in the hearts increases from the 12th to the 30th ahour and subsequently maintains that level. Also from the 12th to the 30th hour, electron microscopy reveals increasing damage of the myocardial cells, the course of which is described. In most instances following virus-induced damage of the myocardial cells, the onset of alterations of the blood and lymph capillaries and damage to the interstitial cells were observed...

Animals↗