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Biomedical subjects

W Abuhammour

Publications and source records attributed to W Abuhammour.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Systemic antifungal agents.

Anti-fungal agents are classified under two major headings, systematic and topical agents. Only systematic anti-fungal agents will be discussed in this chapter. Since the discovery in 1955, amphotericin B has been the cornerstone of anti-fungal treatment. It is active against most species of fungi. However, Candida lusitaniae, Pseudallescheria boydii, and fusarium spp have primary resistance to amphotericin B. Recently, new liposomal preparations of amphotericin B have been developed. They are less nephrotoxic. The azole family of anti-fungal includes two broad classes: the imidazoles (clotrimazote, ketoconazote, miconazole) and the triazoles (flucouazole and itracouazole). Imidazoles are still widely used for the treatment of superficial mycoses and vaginal candidiasis. The systematic triazoles are more slowly metabolized and have less effect on human synthesis than imidazoles, hence they are preferred for systemic therapy. Flucytosine is a fluorinated pyrimidine. Clinically, the principal use of flucytosine is as adjunctive therapy with amphotericin B in the treatment of candidial or cryptococcal diseases, Griseofuluin is derived from penicillium. It is fungistatic in vitro for species of dermatophytes. It is useful for the treatment of tinea capitis and tinea unginum.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Pulmonary infections in the adolescent with immunodeficiency.

Pulmonary infections in the immunocompromised adolescent are important causes of significant morbidity and mortality. Advances in the fields of chemotherapy, organ transplantation, and use of corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapies have led to significant improvement in the outcome of patients with malignancy and a variety of other disorders. HIV infection has become a major additional cause of immune suppression. In turn, physicians are encountering growing numbers of patients with an impaired immune system presenting with respiratory and other infections. This article presents a brief review of defense mechanisms in the respiratory tract, selected conditions leading to impaired immune responses in the adolescent, specific pulmonary pathogens and their evaluation in the immunocompromised adolescent, and general considerations of the management of pulmonary infections in the immunocompromised adolescent. Infections of the upper respiratory tract and pulmonary infections seen in adolescents with cystic fibrosis are not discussed.

Adolescent↗