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Biomedical subjects

W Albert

Publications and source records attributed to W Albert.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Glutathione restores normal cell activation and cell cycle progression in cis-platinum treated human lymphocytes.

Cis-platinum (CDDP) induces severe inhibition of cell activation and cell cycle progression in PHA-stimulated human PBL's. Applying the novel BrdU/Hoechst flow cytometric technique for high resolution cell cycle analysis we show that CDDP induced multiple cell kinetic disturbances occur simultaneously comprising G0/G1-arrest, and slow down and arrest of cells in S and G2/M-phase. We investigated whether the administration of reduced glutathione (GSH) might rescue cells from proliferative disturbances induced by CDDP. GSH at 0.15 mg ml-1 only partially restored normal cell activation and cell cycle progression. However, at 1.5 mg ml-1 a complete normal proliferation pattern was obtained. At the highest GSH dose rescue from inhibition of cell activation (G0/G1-phase arrest) as well as of cell cycle progression (S- and G2/M-phase arrest) was also present after delayed addition of GSH (1, 4 and 20 h) to CDDP treated PBL's. In addition cell viability of CDDP exposed PBL's is restored after GSH treatment. Our in vitro experiments give evidence that an increase of WBC found in CDDP/GSH treated patients has a real underlying cellular physiological mechanism protecting human peripheral lymphocytes from CDDP toxicity.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of blood biocompatibility during haemodialysis with cuprophane and polyacrylonitrile membranes.

Clotting within the dialyser is one of the most significant clinical parameters of biocompatibility. A study was designed to evaluate the biocompatibility of two different dialysis membranes (cuprophane and polyacrylonitrile) during therapy with conventional heparin. Transient leukopenia during cuprophane but not during polyacrylonitrile haemodialysis was observed, and elastase release using polyacryonitrile membranes was reduced (P less than 0.001). An elevation in F VIII:C activity during cuprophane haemodialysis has to be taken as an indication of endothelial disturbances. There was a significant (P less than 0.001) platelet activation (beta-thromboglobulin) and combined thrombin/plasmin generation using cuprophane membranes. This new synthetic polyacrylonitrile membrane inactivates the clotting in an extracorporeal system to a sufficient degree and allows a reduction in dosages of heparin. Platelet activation, platelet turnover, disturbances of endothelium, fibrinolysis activation, and granulocyte activation are reproducible parameters of a described interaction model. They also permit a comparison of different haemodialysis membranes.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1989

Survival analysis to explore the characteristics of employee assistance program (EAP) referrals that remain employed.

This study examined characteristics of referrals to employee assistance programs (EAP) associated with subsequent termination of employment. As well, relationships between characteristics of the referrals and program characteristics were explored. Longitudinal data were collected at several time periods for 163 referrals to EAPs from five organizations. Survival analysis was conducted to determine which variables were associated with termination of employment. Females, cohabitating couples, and employees who worked for the organization for 5 or more years were most likely to remain employed. One interesting finding was that people with alcohol problems were significantly more likely to be formal referrals.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Properties and applications of new monoclonal antibodies raised against calf DNA polymerase alpha.

A panel of 12 hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against alpha-polymerase were prepared by fusion of mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells of a rat immunized with homogeneous calf thymus alpha-polymerase. Hybridomas were selected and cloned on the basis of immunobinding to pure alpha-polymerase in solid phase radioimmunoassay. Antibodies secreted by these cells eventually were purified in milligram quantities from ascites fluids. These antibodies, all of the rat immunoglobulin M class, cross-reacted with alpha-polymerases from calf and monkey cells as revealed by immunobinding in radioimmunoassay and by immunoprecipitation of DNA polymerase activity. The antibodies were not capable of neutralizing the enzyme activity. With the methods described these antibodies may be used to immunoprecipitate alpha-polymerase from crude extracts of mammalian cells and to measure levels of the enzyme protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Course of depressive mood and psychomotor activation in endogenous depression.

The course of the depressive mood during depressive phases was measured by a self-rating mood scale and analyzed by various algorithms. Agitated, depressed patients often reveal a continuous decline in the depressive mood; retarded, depressed patients, on the other hand, often show brief and marked fluctuations in mood during remission. Although various effects occur due to treatment, especially differences between the effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and antidepressants, the described changes in mood appear to be predominantly due to psychomotor activation. The relationship between these courses of depression is discussed and interpreted on the basis of biochemical and psychopharmacologic findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Antidepressive treatment and mood swing patterns in endogenous depression.

In 105 patients with endogenous depression treated with antidepressants or ECT the course of the depressive state was evaluated by means of a self-rating mood scale (Befindlichkeits-Skala by von Zerssen). The scale was filled out every second day. The course of the depressive mood was computed by various algorithms for each patient. Two different courses of depressive mood could be identified: some patients showed a relatively continuous decline in the depressive mood, whereas others showed strong fluctuations. Although there were some correlations between type of treatment and extent of mood swings, other factors also seemed to be relevant. Thus, there appears to be an interaction between treatment effects and spontaneous rhythms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effects of somatic treatments on mood in endogenous depression.

The effects of ECT, amitriptyline, clomipramine, maprotiline and desipramine on the course of endogenous depression were compared in 105 patients using repeated self-administered mood questionnaires as the outcome measure. Remission was more rapid after ECT therapy than psychopharmacological treatment, but the absolute improvement did not differ significantly between ECT and other somatic therapies. Improvement in response to clomipramine was more rapid than to other psychopharmacological agents, and did not differ from that in response to ECT. The advantages and disadvantages of ECT for endogenous depression are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

CEA-like antigens in different histologic types of human lung carcinoma.

Comparative studies on the presence and immunological reactivity of CEA and CEA-like antigens in lung and digestive tract cancers were performed. Specific goat and rabbit anti-CEA immune sera were used. Immunofluorescence studies revealed in histologically different types of the lung carcinomas the presence of the cross reacting antigen with classical CEA. Absorption procedures, and double diffusion tests have shown the existence of two at least antigenic determinants in CEA molecule: 1. the determinant specific for the lower parts of the digestive tract cancers not found in the lung carcinomas, and 2. the determinant common for the lung, and the digestive tract cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Effect of passages of Morris hepatoma 5123D in F1 (Buffalo X Wistar) rats on permanent decrease of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity.

The Morris hepatoma 5123D after at least two passages in F1 (Buffalo X Wistar) rats shows quicker growth than the original tumor and bearers of it have much lower gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in serum, urine, tumor and in some other organs. This new variant of the hepatoma was labeled as hepatoma 5123D/AS. Simultaneous implantation of hepatomas 5123D/AS and 5123D in the same rats prevents the increase of serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity. After surgical removal of the former tumor, the enzyme activity in serum quickly increases. No significant differences in some other peptidase activities were observed between the variant and hepatoma 5123D.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1976

Effect of size of Morris hepatoma 5123D on gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in serum and urine.

Close correlation between the size of Morris hepatoma 5123D implanted in the hind limb of rat and serum gamm-glutamyltranspeptidase activity was found. The tumour implanted in both hind legs of the rat resulted in about twofold increase of the serum enzyme activity. The growth of the hepatoma resulted also in a significant increase in the enzyme activity in urine of the tumour-bearing rats. After surgical removal of the leg with hepatoma a rapid decrease in the enzyme activity in both the studied body fluids and its subsequent renewed increase associated with formation of pulmonary metastases were observed. Partial hepatectomy and pancreatectomy were without effect on the serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity.

Age Factors↗