Biomedical subjects

W Antepohl

Publications and source records attributed to W Antepohl.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Pharmacodynamic interaction between mibefradil and other calcium channel blockers.

Briefly after withdrawal of the (T-type) calcium channel blocker mibefradil from the market, four cases of life-threatening interaction of mibefradil with dihydropyridines were reported. We investigated in vitro whether mibefradil interacts with a dihydropyridine, as described for other non-dihydropyridine compounds. Rat working hearts were used to examine functional interactions between amlodipine and mibefradil. Gallopamil and another T-type-channel blocker, ethosuximide, were included for comparison. Effects of mibefradil, (+)- and (-)-gallopamil on [3H](+)-isradipine binding were studied in membranes from tsA201-cells transfected with alpha(1c)-, alpha(2)delta-, and beta(1a)- or beta(2a)-calcium channel subunits. Mibefradil increased negative inotropic effect of amlodipine, but not of gallopamil. Gallopamil and ethosuximide showed no influence on contractile effects of amlodipine. Furthermore, mibefradil concentration-dependently caused bradycardic rhythm disturbance. The same type of arrhythmia was observed combining low concentrations of mibefradil with amlodipine, or with gallopamil, respectively. Amlodipine alone, or the combination of gallopamil or ethosuximide with amlodipine did not cause any arrhythmia. Binding studies showed a concentration-dependent positive allosteric interaction between [3H](+)-isradipine and mibefradil, but not with [3H](+)-isradipine and gallopamil enantiomers. Molecular and functional evidence points to an interaction between a dihydropyridine and mibefradil. Mibefradil caused rhythm disturbances and potentiation of negative inotropy when combined with amlodipine.

Amlodipine↗

PubMed1999

Vasorelaxation by new hybrid compounds containing dihydropyridine and pinacidil-like moieties.

The synthesis and pharmacological properties of a novel type of vasorelaxant hybrid compounds are described. The investigated compounds originate from fluorinated 4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyridines, which are known calcium channel blockers, and/or from fluorinated analogues of pinacidil, which is an opener of ATP-sensitive potassium channels. In particular, we studied the most potent hybrid, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dicarbomethoxy-4-(2-difluoromethoxy-5-N-(N' '-cyano-N'-1,2,2-trimethyl-propylguanidyl)-phenyl)-1, 4-dihydropyridine (4a), together with its parent compounds, the dihydropyridine 1b and the pinacidil analogue 3. In isolated rat mesenteric arteries, micromolar concentrations of 4a relaxed contractions exerted by K(+)-depolarization or by norepinephrine. The latter effect was sensitive to the potassium channel blocker glibenclamide. Micromolar 4a also inhibited [(3)H](+)-isradipine and [(3)H]P1075 binding to rat cardiac membranes, and it blocked L-type calcium channels expressed in a mammalian cell line. The respective parent compounds 1b and 3 were always more potent and more selective regarding calcium channel or potassium channel interaction, respectively. In contrast, 4a combined both effects within the same concentration range, indicating that it may represent a lead structure for a novel class of pharmacological hybrid compounds.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in a course of basic pharmacology: a controlled, randomized study.

Since its first implementation in a medical programme at McMaster University, Canada, problem-based learning (PBL) has become a well-established means of teaching and learning medicine. Extensive research has been conducted and a number of strengths of the method are well supported. Several items, however, remain unclear although there is evidence that no relevant difference exists in factual knowledge among students from PBL and traditional curricula, a controlled, randomized study has not been conducted to address this issue. The Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne is in the process of integrating elements of PBL into its curriculum. In the spring term of 1997, after seven semesters of experience with PBL supplementing the traditional course of basic pharmacology, we did for the first time use PBL instead of the lecture-based course (LBL) and conducted a controlled prospective study to determine the effects of this intervention. One-hundred and twenty-three students were randomly assigned to either PBL (n = 63), with tutorial groups of up to nine students, or to the traditional, lecture-based course (n = 60). Analysis of the results of both groups in the examination of basic pharmacology, consisting of multiple-choice and short-essay questions, revealed similar scores with a tendency favouring PBL students in the category of short-essay questions. Hence, it seems clear that PBL does not imply a disadvantage in terms of factual knowledge. Students considered PBL to be an effective learning method and favoured it over the lecture format. Furthermore, students reported positive effects of PBL in terms of use of additional learning resources, interdisciplinarity, team work and learning fun.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗

PubMed1999

[Problem-based teaching and learning. An opportunity for medical psychology, psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy?].

All proposals for a reform of the study of medicine recommend problem-based teaching and learning methods. The rapid increase in the number of medical faculties abroad offering experimental courses along these lines is an indicator of their usefulness. The results of empirical research also suggest that departments of medical psychology, psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy should participate more closely in the introduction and exploration of the advantages of this didactic approach.

Problem-Based Learning↗

PubMed1998

An international database on medical education: the European Medical School Information System (EMSIS).

An electronic database containing the curricula and other information of more than 200 medical schools from 40 different countries has been compiled and made accessible via the World Wide Web (http:@yi.com/emsis), with the aims of providing an overview and to enable a comparison of the curricula of Medical Schools in Europe, of facilitating the cooperation between Medical Schools in Europe and allowing medical students to plan their studying period abroad. The database contains the addresses of medical schools, general information about each medical school (number of students, hospital beds available for teaching, etc.), exchange information (exchange networks the medical school is participating in) and extensive curriculum information, consisting of more than 10,000 course descriptions. All information has largely been entered by the medical schools themselves. Medical schools may update the database directly via the Internet at any time. Users may perform simple queries, for example by country or city, or may perform more complex searches such as 'show all medical schools teaching gynaecology in the fourth year'.

Curriculum↗

PubMed1997

[Carvedilol].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗