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W Baigelman

Publications and source records attributed to W Baigelman.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

This OWL (outpatient work-up liaison) would not fly. Environmental factors foil attempt to shift unnecessary inpatient days to the outpatient setting.

The last days of many appropriate hospital admissions have been identified as unnecessary when utilized for providing diagnostic or therapeutic modalities that could be provided in an outpatient setting. An outpatient work-up liaison team (OWL) was established to facilitate the completion of evaluations or therapy in the community. In spite of the commitment of experienced personnel and the cooperation of the staff physicians and hospital departments, the effort was unsuccessful. The failure is attributed to the socioeconomic environment in the immediate community that could not support the transfer of medical efforts. It is recommended that before any institution undertakes shifting hospital-based services to the community a realistic assessment be made of the socioeconomic milieu.

Ambulatory Care

Identifying physicians and patterns generating unnecessary in-hospital days. An exploratory stage of developing an institution-specific physician-focused utilization effort.

A focused, concurrent utilization review effort identified the existence of a large number of unnecessary hospital days remaining even after a highly successful utilization review effort. Within a group of physicians identified as having the highest acuteness adjusted average lengths of stay, 38.3% of their patient's hospital days were unnecessary, with 83% of those days being within physician control. Observation, diagnostic undertakings or therapeutic efforts that were unnecessary or appropriate for the outpatient setting represented 81.3% of the unnecessary days. A future utilization study will compare the practice patterns among physicians in the same department in order to define future goals and develop necessary corrective actions that will be acceptable to the medical staff.

Boston

Bronchodilator action of the anticholinergic drug, ipratropium bromide (Sch 1000), as an aerosol in chronic bronchitis and asthma.

Ipratropium bromide (also known as Sch 1000) is a new atropine-like bronchodilator drug whose mechanism of action is via an anticholinergic pathway and may decrease cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Although of established efficacy in asthma, there are no studies of the use of ipratropium in patients with chronic bronchitis. The single metered aerosol doses of 10 mug, 20 mug, 40 mug and 80 mug of ipratropium bromide, 75 mug and 150 mug of isoproterenol, and placebo were studied in 20 adult patients, half with asthma and half with chronic bronchitis. To qualify, all patients demonstrated at least 20% improvement in the forced expiratory volume in one second while in the drug-free state when tested with isoproterenol. All subjects were tested for six hours with each agent in a double-blind crossover design. The dose-response aspects of the study indicate that in bronchial asthma the optimal range of dosage is 40 mug to 80 mug of ipratropium bromide. These doses are superior to isoproterenol in duration of action. In chronic bronchitis, all doses of ipratropium showed prolonged efficacy, but 80 mug was superior. Isoproterenol lacked this sustained efficacy. No significant alteration in pulse or blood pressure was observed. Ipratropium appears to be an important addition to the bronchodilator agents used in isoproterenol-responsive obstructive pulmonary disease.

Aerosols

Methacycline compared with ampicillin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. A double-blind crossover study.

In order to objectively document the accepted clinical efficacy of ampicillin in treating bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of methacycline, a double-blind crossover study was designed. Twenty patients with chronic bronchial disease were treated for two separate acute bacterial exacerbations, once with 2 gm of ampicillin daily, and once with 600 mg of methacycline daily, for 14 days. There were a few significant differences when comparing the efficacy of the antimicrobials. For example, the daily volume of sputum significantly went from 35.6 ml initially to 20.5 ml at the end of treatment with methacycline, and from 37.4 to 18.0 ml with ampicillin. Sputum neutrophils excreted per day went from 446 to 147 million with methacycline and from 433 to 94 million with ampicillin. Gram-positive diplococci and cocci on gram stains of sputum significantly decreased form 10.6 to 3.3 with methacycline and from 16.8 to 2.1 with ampicillin. This investigation objectively documents with accepted clinical efficacy of ampicillin and proves methacycline to be an equally effective agent.

Acute Disease

Examining sputum.

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Respiratory Tract Diseases