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Biomedical subjects

W Berges

Publications and source records attributed to W Berges.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Association of Crohn's disease with HLA phenotype B44, Cw5.

Genetic influence on the development of Crohn's disease (CD) is commonly accepted. However, proof of definite genetic markers is still pending. Most investigations have focused on HLA antigens, and associations with HLA B12 and HLA A2 have been reported, but the design of these retrospective studies is open to criticism. We have undertaken a consecutive study of 96 patients with CD under well-defined conditions in order to test the hypothesis that CD is associated with particular HLA antigens. Our results identify a significant association of CD with the phenotype HLA B44,Cw5. But since a major proportion of the CD patients do not bear this phenotype, other predisposing genetic factors, which have not yet been defined, may exist in addition to environmental factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Anorectal motility in systemic scleroderma].

We prospectively compared esophageal and rectal motility data from 7 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (4 females, 3 males) to esophageal recordings in 22 and anorectal recordings in 9 healthy controls. All patients with sclerosis exhibited motility disturbances in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES): LES resting pressure, LES relaxation amplitude and duration, and the number of incomplete LES relaxations were significantly different compared to the controls. All patients had alterations of anorectal motility: resting pressure, maximal squeeze pressure, and sphincter relaxation amplitude following balloon distension of the rectum were significantly decreased as compared to the control subjects. We conclude that esophageal and anorectal manometry are comparable in their sensitivity to differentiate between patients with systemic sclerosis and normal subjects.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1988

Gastric phytobezoar: endoscopic removal using the gallstone lithotripter.

Gastric bezoars are a common late complication of gastric surgery. Their treatment may be difficult. This is the first report on the removal of a very firm gastric phytobezoar by perendoscopic lithotripsy. The bezoar was detected 20 years after an unknown type of operation on the stomach, presumably truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty. We propose the use of the lithotripter through the endoscope as an alternative treatment of firm and large gastric bezoars.

Bezoars↗
PubMed1988

HLA antigens in ankylosing spondylitis associated with Crohn's disease. Increased frequency of the HLA phenotype B27,B44.

In a consecutive case study 231 patients with Crohn's disease were investigated for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and HLA-A, B, C, DR antigen association. Eighteen patients (7.8%) had definite AS according to the New York criteria; 13 (72%) were HLA-B27 positive. The phenotype B27,B44 was seen in 8 patients (44%) compared to only 3 (1%) of 300 controls (p less than 10(-7), and 1 (0.5%) of 213 patients with Crohn's disease without AS (p less than 10(-7). We conclude that patients with the phenotype B27,B44 are highly at risk (relative risk = 68.8) for the common manifestation of Crohn's disease and AS.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Pathophysiology, clinical aspects and rational diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease and axial hiatal hernia].

Low pressure or inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, disturbances in esophageal peristalsis and delayed gastric emptying are the most important pathogenetic factors of reflux disease. In general, retrosternal and also epigastric and pharyngeal burning or pain are the leading symptoms, but in mild disease eructation may become the major complaint. Diagnosis is usually made on the basis of a typical history and the results of endoscopy. 24-h-pH-recording is indicated in inconclusive endoscopy, chest pain of unknown origin and preoperative evaluation. Manometry may be indicated to exclude systemic sclerosis.

Esophagogastric Junction↗
PubMed1986

[Familial dysphagia].

The etiology of achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm remains unknown. We report on two families (father/son, mother/son) with achalasia and esophageal spasm, respectively, who were examined by radiology, endoscopy and manometry. One patient (mother) died from aspiration pneumonia. These observations support the hypothesis of a genetic trait in some cases of esophageal motility disorders. In addition, the coincidence of familial achalasia and esophageal spasm is in support of a close relationship of both diseases. Achalasia is a potentially letal disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus. Clinical aspects, morphologic changes and functional disorders].

Oesophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis, a rare benign disease with as yet unexplained aetiology, was observed in 4 patients during the course of 2 years. The main symptom is dysphagia. Radiographic and endoscopically detectable diverticula or diverticular orifices are pathognomonic. A prolongation in the duration of oesophageal contractions is the main manometric finding. At autopsy, a reduction in the number of oesophageal intramural ganglion cells was seen in one case. A prolonged pressure-effect on the oesophageal wall could be the cause of the wall pouches.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Differential diagnosis of cystic intra-abdominal lesions: mucocele of the appendix].

The sonographic appearance of a mucocele of the appendix in a 69-year-old woman is presented. The mucocele showed an atypical localisation in the right upper quadrant just below the gallbladder. This own observation is compared with other case reports in the literature. The value of ultrasound examinations in the diagnosis "mucocele of the appendix" is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Esophageal disorders in the etiology and pathophysiology of dyspepsia.

Dyspepsia may be caused by reflux esophagitis. We evaluated the symptoms of 45 patients aged 52 +/- 14 years who had a follow-up of 1 to 5 years. Endoscopy and histology demonstrated microscopic inflammation in 14, isolated mucosal defects in 12 and severe inflammation in 19 of the 45 patients. Belching was the leading symptom in patients with microscopic and severe esophagitis, heartburn in mild esophagitis. Upper abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting were present in 31%, 24% and 22% of the patients, respectively. Thus, reflux esophagitis is frequently accompanied by symptoms of dyspepsia which resemble those of other causes of dyspepsia. In contrast, disorders of gastric and intestinal motility may be associated with esophageal motor disturbances, particularly in gastric dysrhythmia, diabetic gastroenteropathy, irritable bowel syndrome, and idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. How much the esophagus contributes to the clinical symptomatology of dyspepsia awaits further elucidation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Postgastrectomy syndromes with special reference to reflux esophagitis].

60 patients without suspicion of recurrence of stomach cancer have had a follow-up by mean of 65 months after the procedure of a total gastrectomy. In 16 cases an additional esophagomanometric and endoscopic-bioptic examination was performed. Up to 1975 the operative procedure of stomach replacement was a jejunal interposition, afterwards the technique of a jejunoplicationn. Clinical signs of an esophageal reflux were found in one half of the patients with a jejunoplicatio and in a third of the cases with a jejunal interposition. Endoscopic-bioptic evidence of a reflux-esophagitis has been found in 13 of 16 patients. A functioning sphincter mechanism of the lower esophagus could be demonstrated in 5 of 16 cases. There was no proof of a correlation between the results of endoscopic-bioptic and manometric examinations. A prevention or reduction of esophageal reflux is as well possible by the technique of jejunal interposition as by jejunoplication.

Esophagitis, Peptic↗
PubMed1983

[Alcohol and epithelial regeneration in the rat stomach following experimental lesions].

In man, chronic consumption of alcohol has been incriminated as a promoting factor in the development of columnar-lined lower esophagus (Barrett's syndrome). To test the effects of alcohol on the regeneration of squamous epithelium, rats were fed a diet containing 2,5 g alcohol daily for 6 weeks after the junctional region between the squamous epithelium of their fore stomach and the columnar epithelium of their glandular chamber had been injured and denuded. Compared to animals fed an isocaloric control diet the alcohol-fed rats showed neither major macroscopical nor histological differences in the regeneration process of the epithelium. Under the influence of alcohol the mucosal border did not move in an orad direction. Thus, these results fail to support the hypothesis of alcohol promoting the replacement of defects in squamous epithelium by columnar epithelium which is thought to be the major pathomechanism in Barrett's syndrome.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1982

The effect of pirenzepine on esophageal motility.

The effect of pirenzepine on esophageal motility was studied in ten healthy volunteers by manometry. Pirenzepine reduces lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP), amplitude, and duration of esophageal contractions, but it increases velocity of propagation of esophageal contractions. On the other hand, it is known that pirenzepine inhibits gastric acid secretion. Therefore, the reduction of contractile force in the esophagus caused by pirenzepine does not necessarily mean an increased risk of peptic gastroesophageal reflux.

Adult↗