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W C Bridges

Publications and source records attributed to W C Bridges.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Association of body weight and feed separation to pen (cage) location for single comb White Leghorn pullets fed with a drag chain-type feeder.

A field study was conducted to determine the relationship of pen (cage) location (PL) along a drag chain-type feeder to BW and feed nutrients (FN) for commercial Single Comb White Leghorn pullets. At 12 and 17 wk of age, feed samples were collected and BW was measured individually for 1 pen (cage) at approximate 30-m intervals from 0 to 213 m. Replication was two lines per house, two houses per farm, and three farms at two ages. Feed was analyzed for CP, fat, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Na, and moisture. Means for BW and FN were regressed on PL using a general linear model. Body weight increased (P less than or equal to .05) as PL increased from 0 to 213.36 m along the feed line. For the nutrients CP, K, Mg, Na, and moisture, there was no PL effect. For the nutrients fat, Zn, and Mn, there was a significant PL and week effect with a significant PL by week interaction. For the nutrients P, Ca, and Cu, there was a significant PL and week effect but no significant PL by week interaction. Body weight was correlated negatively with Zn and positively with K and Mn for 12 wk of age only. Feed separation along a drag chain-type feed line did occur. However, the relationship of feed separation to changes in BW was not fully ascertained in the present study.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1991

Research note: relationship of comb color to liver appearance and fat content in Single Comb White Leghorn laying hens.

A flock of commercial Single Comb White Leghorn laying hens, diagnosed as having fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome (FLHS), was surveyed to ascertain the relationship between comb color and selected FLHS characteristics. Twenty-eight hens with and without pale combs were selected from 14 cages for paired comparisons. Hens with pale combs had a higher (P less than or equal to .05) liver score and relative liver weight than hens with normal combs. Differences were not detected in BW, comb weight, relative comb weight, liver fat and plasma estrogen concentration. In flocks diagnosed with FLHS, comb appearance is associated with a higher incidence of FLHS.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Using molecular markers to estimate quantitative trait locus parameters: power and genetic variances for unreplicated and replicated progeny.

Many of the progeny types used to estimate quantitative trait locus (QTL) parameters can be replicated, e.g., recombinant inbred, doubled haploid, and F3 lines. These parameters are estimated using molecular markers or QTL genotypes estimated from molecular markers as independent variables. Experiment designs for replicated progeny are functions of the number of replications per line (r) and the number of replications per QTL genotype (n). The value of n is determined by the size of the progeny population (N), the progeny type, and the number of simultaneously estimated QTL parameters (q - 1). Power for testing hypotheses about means of QTL genotypes is increased by increasing r and n, but the effects of these factors have not been quantified. In this paper, we describe how power is affected by r, n, and other factors. The genetic variance between lines nested in QTL genotypes (sigma 2n:q) is the fraction of the genetic variance between lines (sigma 2n) which is not explained by simultaneously estimated intralocus and interlocus QTL parameters (phi 2Q); thus, sigma 2n:q = sigma 2n - phi 2Q. If sigma 2n:q not equal to 0, then power is not efficiently increased by increasing r and is maximized by maximizing n and using r = 1; however, if sigma 2n:q = 0, then r and n affect power equally and power is efficiently increased by increasing r and is maximized by maximizing N.r. Increasing n efficiently increases power for a wide range of values of sigma 2n:q.sigma 2n:q = 0 when the genetic variance between lines is fully explained by QTL parameters (sigma 2n = phi 2Q).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing faculty practice: an organizational perspective.

After reviewing the faculty practice literature of the 1980s and finding philosophical support for practice but also growing concerns about faculty role overload, the authors report a study to identify organizational factors that influence the role expectations of faculty members about practice. A survey was sent to the deans or directors of all National League for Nursing--accredited baccalaureate nursing programs (n = 462). Of the 356 respondents (78 per cent), 224 (63.3 per cent) reported that their school had practicing faculty, but only 20 schools (8.8 per cent) required practice. Written faculty practice plans were reported by 23 schools (10.2 per cent), and nursing centers by 41 schools. Thirty-six respondents (16 per cent) reported that practicing faculty generated revenue for the school. Practice was required for promotion in 15.8 per cent and for tenure in 15.3 per cent of all schools surveyed. The study showed significant direct relationships between master's and doctoral programs and practicing faculty, but there was an inverse relationship between the presence of a health science center and schools with practicing faculty. Organizational factors relating to both the number and per cent of faculty who practiced included requiring practice, having a practice plan, and having practice as a criterion for promotion and for tenure. Revenue generation and presence of formalized practice arrangements were related to the number of faculty who practiced but not the per cent of the total faculty who practiced. The study's findings have implications for nursing education in designing organizational structures and rewards that support faculty practice.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Schools with nursing centers: a 5-year follow-up study.

The article reviews the growing body of literature that examines academic nursing centers in the aggregate including the first such study conducted by the primary author 5 years earlier. A follow-up study to this original work was conducted to determine current demographics and faculty practice policies of schools or colleges of nursing that operate nursing centers and to compare these findings with those of schools without nursing centers. A survey was sent to the deans or directors of the 462 National League of Nursing (NLN)-accredited baccalaureate nursing programs. Although there were 362 respondents to the survey (78 per cent), only 41 indicated they had a nursing center. Schools with nursing centers were significantly more likely to be in public institutions (P = .05), and offer master's degrees (P = .01). They also were significantly larger (P = .01), with a mean of 34 full time-equivalent (FTE) faculty members. Then the administrative policies of schools with nursing centers (N = 41) were compared with those of schools without centers but with practicing faculty (N = 187). Requiring practice was not a common policy in either group. While about one-third of both groups had practice plans, the majority were described as informal. More schools with nursing centers had other formalized practice arrangements than did schools without centers (P = .01). Faculty practice was more likely to be a criterion for promotion (P = .05) but not for tenure in schools with nursing centers. An inverse relationship (P = .05) was found between the amount of practice revenue generated and the presence of a nursing center.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An assessment of academic nursing centers.

The authors discuss the status of academic nursing centers. Included are data on the age, location, population served, and sources of financial support for these centers. In addition, the authors assess the centers' ability to accomplish the purposes of faculty practice, student education, nursing research and community service. Implications for developing academic nursing centers are presented.

Humans↗