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W Cates

Publications and source records attributed to W Cates.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Sudden collapse and death of women obtaining abortions induced with prostaglandin F2alpha.

Two recent cases of sudden collapse and eventual death of the woman after induction of abortion with prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) have been reported to the Center for Disease Control as part of the epidemiologic surveillance of deaths due to abortion. We present these cases in order to document this event associated with the use of PGF2alpha. The etiology of the sudden collapse is still unknown. Nonetheless, the deaths of these two healthy young women undergoing induced abortions with PGF2alpha should heighten clinicians' awareness of some possible risks associated with these new abortifacients.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1979

The health impact of restricting public funds for abortion. October 10, 1977--June 10, 1978.

The Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia implemented an eight-month prospective surveillance system in 24 hospitals distributed among states with and without public funding for abortion. Out of 3,157 visits for abortion-related complications, only 10 women gave a history of non-physician or self-induced abortion and none were Medicaid recipients. The small number of hospitals located in non-funded states and the smaller numbers of women served in these hospitals than in the funded states limited the power of out study. Women living along the Texas-Mexico border appeared more likely to have complications after illegal abortions than women from other areas of the country.

Abortion, Illegal↗
PubMed1979

Response of low income women and abortion facilities to restriction of public funds for abortion: a study of a large metropolitan area.

During the first five months after the restriction of public funds for abortion, a large percentage of low-income women seeking abortions in a metropolitan area in Texas obtained abortion that were partially subsizied using a combination of reduced clinic fees and public funds for ancillary non-abortion services. Their own personal funds made up the difference between the subsidy and the full cost of the procedure.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1979

Late effects of induced abortion. Hypothesis or knowledge?

Recent local, state and federal regulations intending to provide "informed consent" for women considering termination of pregnancy have misrepresented the current state of knowledge about certain long-term complications: the alleged risks are presented to the patient as if they were scientific facts rather than still-unproven hypotheses. While it is possible that some late sequelae are associated with previously induced abortions, there is no agreement in the scientific literature on the magnitude of the risks, if any. Moreover, few studies adequately define the particular method of induced abortion whose effects they are investigating. The current data do not support firm conclusions about induced abortion either causing or not causing any of the alleged long-term complications.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1979

The comparative efficacy and safety of intraamniotic prostaglandin F2 alpha and hypertonic saline for second-trimester abortion. A review and critique.

Intraamniotic instillation of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) is considered by many to be safer than instillation of hypertonic saline for second-trimester abortion. To evaluate the validity of this hypothesis, we reviewed 15 comparisons of these two abortifacients published in the English literature since 1973. These reports suggest that while PGF2 alpha induces abortion faster than saline, PGF2 alpha is associated with higher rates of unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects, incomplete abortion, hemorrhage and surgical reevacuation. In addition, the rate of live-born fetuses after PGF2 alpha-induced abortion may be 5 to 40 times that of saline. The existing literature does not substantiate the claim that PGF2 alpha is superior to saline as an abortifacient.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1978

Deaths caused by pulmonary thromboembolism after legally induced abortion.

Pulmonary thromboembolism is an infrequent but serious complication of induced abortion. Of the 104 abortion-related deaths reported to the Center for Disease Control in 1972 through 1975, 10 (9.6 per cent) involved fatal pulmonary embolism; eight of these cases were proved at autopsy. All but one of the women had pre-existing risk factors for thromboembolic disease, including obesity, previous thrombophlebitis, use of oral contraceptives, or type A blood. All but one case occurred in women who had received general anesthesia. In addition, four of the eight women had undergone a concurrent sterilization procedure at the time of the abortion. Preventive efforts should focus on identifying women at high risk for thromboembolic events prior to the abortion procedure and then selecting the abortion procedure least likely to produce postoperative embolism.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1978

Legalized abortion: effect on national trends of maternal and abortion-related mortality (1940 through 1976).

Both non-abortion-related maternal and abortion-related mortality declined prior to the Supreme Court decisions of 1973. In order to determine the effect of legalized abortion on maternal mortality, we have analyzed the secular trends in national abortion mortality ratios for 1940 through 1976, compared the trends to those maternal mortality ratios, and hypothesized reasons for differences between these trends. Between 1940 and 1950 and after 1965, deaths from abortion declined more rapidly than deaths from other causes associated with childbirth. However, between 1951 and 1965, maternal mortality related to pregnancy of childbirth declined more rapidly than abortion-related mortality. Five possible explanations exist for the more rapid decline in abortion deaths since 1965--selected underreporting, changes in coding practices, improved safety of illegal abortion, introduction of more effective contraception, and increased availability of legal abortion. We consider the last two explanations as the most likely reasons for the accelerated decline in abortion-related deaths.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1978

Febrile spontaneous abortion and the IUD.

A case-control study was done to determine the risk and pathogenesis of febrile spontaneous abortion for intrauterine device (IUD) wearers compared to non-wearers. Four groups of women coming to a large city hospital between 1970 and 1975 were compared: 1) women presenting with febrile spontaneous abortion, 2) women presenting with afebrile spontaneous abortion, 3) women presenting with afebrile spontaneous abortion which subsequently became febrile, and 4) women delivering a live infant. Pregnant women with an IUD in situ had a 5-fold higher risk of both febrile and afebrile spontaneous abortion compared to pregnant women without an IUD in situ. Women who had a spontaneous abortion that shifted from afebrile to febrile were somewhat more likely to be IUD wearers than the other 2 spontaneous abortion groups. In our study population, the increased risk of febrile spontaneous abortion for IUD wearers appeared primarily due to the increased risk of the spontaneous abortion event itself, rather than a primary IUD-related infection causing febrile spontaneous abortion.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

Assessment of surveillance and vital statistics data for monitoring abortion mortality, United States, 1972-1975.

To assess the usefulness of vital statistics and surveillance for monitoring abortion mortality, the authors compared data from two systems of classification: 1) deaths classified according to the underlying cause by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) under the International Classification of Disease, Adapted (ICDA) code numbers 640-645 (abortion) for 1972-1975; and 2) abortion-related deaths reported to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) through its epidemiologic surveillance of abortion mortality for the same years. Vital statistics classifications dealing with the underlying cause of death are based on criteria defined by ICDA guidelines applied to all available information listed on death certificates, and exclude some deaths classified as abortion-related by CDC. Surveillance classifications are based on broader criteria developed by CDC for expanded data gathered by individual case investigation. Results showed that the surveillance techniques had identified more deaths as abortion-related and had resolved more cases into the specific abortion categories of legal, illegal, and spontaneous than vital statistics tabulations based on death certificates. The authors estimate that the surveillance system alone reported 88% of all abortion-related deaths, the vital statistics system 52%, and the two systems combined a total of 94%. Inadequate physician documentation on the death certificate was the primary reason vital statistics data contained a smaller number of reported abortion deaths than surveillance data.

Abortion, Illegal↗
PubMed1978

Comparative risk of death from legally induced abortion in hospitals and nonhospital facilities.

The rapid emergence of nonhospital abortion facilities as alternatives to traditional hospital-based surgical care has raised important questions concerning their safety. Using 1974--1975 data from the Center for Disease Control's nationwide surveillance of abortion mortality and the Alan Guttmacher Institute's nationwide surveys of abortion providers, we have calculated the risk of death from legally induced abortion in the United States at less than or equal to 12 menstrual weeks' gestation in hospitals and nonhospital facilities (clinics and physicians' ofices). The adjusted death-to-case rate for hospitals was 1.1 deaths/100,000 abortions, compared with a crude rate of 1.0 for nonhospital facilities. The risk of death from legal abortion in nonhospital facilities is apparently similar to the risk in hospitals.

Abortion, Legal↗