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Biomedical subjects

W Chaim

Publications and source records attributed to W Chaim.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Intraamniotic infection with fusobacteria.

A literature search produced ten studies in which Fusobacterium was cultured from amniotic fluid in women with preterm labor and intact membranes or with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Fusobacterium was isolated in 9.9% (9/91) of positive amniotic fluid cultures in women with preterm PROM and in 28.3% (17/60) of positive amniotic fluid cultures in women presenting with preterm labor and intact membranes. Fusobacterium plays a previously unrecognized role in the pathogenesis of premature labor and delivery. Amniotic fluid culture for anaerobes, specifically Fusobacterium, is suggested for all women who present with premature labor and intact membranes and do not respond to tocolytic drugs.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1992

The prevalence and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection with Candida species in women with preterm labor.

Intraamniotic infection is considered a major etiologic factor of preterm birth. Positive amniotic fluid cultures are rarely contaminated with Candida species. The presence of this microorganism is associated with a poor pregnancy outcome. Out of 773 transabdominal amniocenteses performed in women presenting with preterm labor and intact membranes, 77 patients (9.9%) had positive amniotic fluid cultures and in 5 women (6.5%) Candida species were identified. On the other hand, 625 amniocenteses were performed in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes and 178 (28%) had positive cultures. Only in 4 patients was Candida isolated (2.2%) (P = 0.13 Fisher's exact test). The importance of early and accurate diagnosis of intraamniotic infection with Candida is pointed out. A transabdominal amniocentesis for microbiological examination is suggested for every woman presenting with preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes and especially for those who conceived with a retained IUD or cervical cerclage.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1992

The long term follow-up of asymptomatic women with Chlamydia trachomatis.

A community oriented intervention program was initiated in 1985 in 12 rural communities in southern Israel to identify and treat women of reproductive age with markers of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection. Among 860 women tested, 21 (2.4%) had CT IgG antibody titers greater than or equal to 128, or CT IgA antibody titers greater than or equal to 16, and 9 of these women had positive cultures for CT. The 21 women, as well as their male partners, received specific anti-CT treatment, and were followed up for 5 years to assess obstetric complications, and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. In 9 women positive cultures became negative. In 13 out of the 17 cases with sequential follow-up a four fold decrease in IgG specific antibody titers was observed. Yet, in all but two of the cases, IgA specific antibody titers remained greater than or equal to 16.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Serum IgG and IgA antibodies to Chlamydia in ectopic pregnancies.

The possible association of Chlamydia trachomatis with ectopic pregnancies was evaluated in a case-control study, comprising 35 women with ectopic pregnancy and 294 apparently healthy women who served as controls. Chlamydia-specific IgG and IgA antibodies were determined by single serovar (L2) inclusion immunoperoxidase assay (IPA). Socio-demographic characteristics, gynecological history and contraceptive methods were also evaluated. An inverse relationship was found between the educational levels and the prevalence of IgG and IgA antibodies to chlamydia. The prevalence rate of elevated IPA IgG (titer greater than or equal to 128) and IPA IgA (titer greater than or equal to 16) specific to chlamydia was significantly higher in women with ectopic pregnancy versus controls (32% vs 8%, respectively, for IgG: odds ratio = 4.9; and 26% vs 4% for IgA: odds ratio = 7.5). Chlamydia trachomatis was not isolated in cell cultures in 10 specimens available from fallopian tubes of women with ectopic pregnancy. Only 9% of the women recall having pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) indicating that most of the infections were asymptomatic. Women who did not use IUD had a higher proportion of chlamydia-specific IgG and IgA seropositives, though not statistically significant, as compared to IUD users. This study further supports the hypothesis that subclinical infection of the tube with C. trachomatis may underlie ectopic pregnancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Chlamydia specific IgG and IgA antibodies in women with obstructive infertility as determined by immunoblotting and immunoperoxidase assays.

The prevalence rate of IgG and IgA antibodies to Chlamydia was analyzed in 50 women with laparoscopy-verified tubal infertility and in 50 age-matched control women by single serovar (L2) inclusion immunoperoxidase assay (IPA) and by immunoblotting technique (IB). Women with tubal infertility had significantly (p less than 0.001) elevated IPA Chlamydia IgG antibody titer greater than or equal to 128 and greater than or equal to 256 than controls (64% vs 16%. Odds ratios = 9.3 and 50% vs 10%, Odds ratio = 9 respectively). The prevalence rate of IPA IgA antibody titer (greater than or equal to 16) to Chlamydia was also significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in women with tubal infertility than controls (48% vs 8%, Odds ratio = 10.6). Antibodies to at least 19 chlamydial structural polypeptides ranging in molecular weight from 30 kD to 204 kD, were detected by the IB technique in the IPA seropositive sera. Antibodies to 57-60 kD were detectable in almost all the IPA IgG and IgA seropositive sera. The prevalence rate of IgG antibody to 57 kD-60 kD was significantly higher in women with obstructive infertility than healthy woman (84% vs. 56% p less than 0.01; Odds ratio = 3.8). More significantly, higher differences to 57-60 kD polypeptide were found in the case of IgA between the infertile women and controls (52% vs. 10%, p less than 0.001; Odds ratio = 9.7). The significance of IPA and IB technique for screening of infertile women is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Serum IgG and IgA antibodies specific for Chlamydia trachomatis in salpingitis patients as determined by the immunoperoxidase assay.

The feasibility of applying elevated Chlamydia trachomatis specific IgG antibody and serum IgA antibodies as a non-invasive screening test for C. trachomatis associated salpingitis was analysed in 54 salpingitis patients and 294 apparently healthy women by the single antigen (L2) immunoperoxidase assay (IPA). The prevalence rate of C. trachomatis IgG antibody (titre greater than or equal to 64) was significantly higher in the salpingitis patients in comparison to control (67% versus 23%). The prevalence rate of elevated C. trachomatis IgG titres (greater than or equal to 128, greater than or equal to 256 and greater than or equal to 512) was significantly higher in the salpingitis patients as compared to the controls. For example, at an IgG titre of greater than or equal to 128 the prevalence rate was 57% in the salpingitis patients and 8% in the healthy controls (p less than 0.0001). The prevalence of C. trachomatis IgA antibodies (titre greater than or equal to 16) was significantly higher in salpingitis patients in comparison to controls (37% versus 4%). The prevalence of elevated IgA titres (greater than or equal to 32 and greater than or equal to 64) was found to be significantly higher in salpingitis patients as compared to controls. All the IgG seropositive salpingitis patients were also found to have C. trachomatis IgG antibodies. It appears that testing for IgG antibodies at a serum dilution of 1:128, and for IgA antibodies at a dilution of 1:16 by the IPA test comprises the best combination for the differentiation between the salpingitis patients and apparently healthy controls, and it is suggested that this be used as a marker of active C. trachomatis infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Severe contracted pelvis appearing after normal deliveries.

Three cases of contracted pelvis in Bedouin women, appearing after two and three previous normal vaginal deliveries, are presented. In these three cases cesarean section had to be performed to deliver the babies. A roentgenray screening revealed osteomalacic pelves in all cases with typical psuedo-fractures (Milkman) and Looser zones. Pelvic deformities of the osteomalacic type are considered rare medical curiosities, and elective cesarean section is usually indicated. It has been found that Bedouins consume large quantities of "raghif", an unleavened bread with high content of phytic acid, very similar to Indian "chapati". Phytic acid impairs the absorption of calcium from the intestine by the precipitation of an amorphous calcium phytate and causes probably some interference with the action of vitamin D. Withdrawal of this alimentation improves the illness. There is emphasis on the fact that vaginal delivery is not granted from a pelvic point of view for multiparous women who have delivered normally in the past. Bedouin women constitute a rather important fraction of the obstetric population admitted to our hospital, the only one in the Negev area. Almost 15 per cent of the deliveries in our Obstetrics Department belong to Bedouin women. The sudden appearance of three consecutive cases of contracted pelvis in which we had to perform ceasarean section on women who had previously delivered vaginally at least twice, produced this investigation, whose interesting results we describe herewith.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Müllerian malformations and simultaneous pregnancies in didelphys uteri. Review and report of a case.

Congenital anomalies originating in the mullerian ducts are among the causes of gynecological and obstetrical disturbances that are commonly overlooked. These cases reach the rate of 1,1--3.5 per cent in hysterographic examinations. Some authors have stressed the need to keep this type of lesion in mind and to try to diagnose these conditions correctly, especially when the patients are examined for trivial complaints in the non-pregnant state, as well as during the prenatal period, or after delivery. The case presented in a multiparous Beduin woman with simultaneous pregnancies in both cavities of an unexpected didelphys uteri. The first twin, female 2,000 gram, was born at home, and the second, female 2,250 gram by cesarean section, following unsuccessful attempts at vaginal delivery. The decision to undertake surgery was taken for common obstetrical reasons like inertia uteri and high presentation. Proper early diagnosis should result in adequate management and the earlier end of labor.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The fetal right to live.

There is an ethical and legal problem for obstetricians when a pregnant patient, before or during labor, is notified by her physician that the fetus is in danger of dying and in need of surgical intervention, and she does not accept this advice. Such a case may occur for various reasons. This report attempts to address the issue of the fetus' right to life and the legal aspects thereof according to the laws of different countries. We accept the fact that the fetus has a legal right to live and the parents are the natural guardians. If the child is capable of being born alive and the patient does not consent to being subjected to a given treatment directed to save the fetus, the doctor must be legally entitled to warn the patient that she is committing a felony.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The cervical balloon method for induction of labor.

The cervical balloon (Embrey & Mollison) was used to induce labor in a study group of 87 patients. The control group included 97 patients, where induction of labor was performed using oxytocin-drip. In the study group oxytocin-drip was added in 34 patients. The cases of the study and control groups were classified as "favorable" cervix. The patients classified as "unfavorable" cervix showed a shorter mean induction-delivery interval in the study group, and a shorter mean duration of oxytocin-drip in the cases of the study group where it was needed. It was concluded that the cervical balloon is a convenient method for the induction of labor, for its effectivity, simplicity and innocuity, especially in the "unfavorable" cervix cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Omental herniation. An unusual fetal complication of intrauterine transfusion.

Amniocenteses in an Rh-sensitized woman revealed the need for intrauterine transfusion to improve fetal status. Following delivery of the infant by cesarean section 7 weeks later, herniation of a segment of omentum through the anterior abdominal wall was noted. The injury was due to needle puncture during the intrauterine transfusion. The injury was repaired, and the infant recovered.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1975

Primary carcinoma of stomach with uterine metastasis.

Curettings from a 42-year-old woman who suffered from heartburn, weight loss and irregular vaginal bleeding showed apparently metastatic mucoid adenocarcinoma in the endocervix. The primary site of tumour was not evident. At laparotomy a gastric adenocarcinoma was found and total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and partial gastrectomy were performed. Histological examination showed a diffuse mucoid adenocarcinoma of stomach with metastases to lymph nodes, uterine body, cervix and one ovary. The literature about metastasis of extragenital cancer to the uterus is reviewed and possible mechanisms are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗