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Biomedical subjects

W D Foley

Publications and source records attributed to W D Foley.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Dissecting aortic aneurysms: accuracy of computed tomographic diagnosis.

During a three-year period, fifty patients were evaluated for the possibility of dissecting aortic aneurysm using high-resolution computed tomography (CT). The diagnosis of dissection was made if two contrast-medium-filled channels were identified within the aortic lumen. Eighteen patients were diagnosed with CT as having dissecting aortic aneurysms. Eight patients were evaluated postoperatively and five of these patients had persistence of the double channel. Twenty-four patients had no evidence on CT of aortic dissection. Follow-up was obtained in all patients. There were no known false-negative diagnoses and one false-positive diagnosis. High-resolution CT offers an accurate, noninvasive means to evaluate patients for suspected dissecting aortic aneurysms.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1983

Digital subtraction angiography of the portal venous system.

Venous-phase arteriography after celiac or superior mesenteric artery injection is the most common technique used to demonstrate portal venous anatomy, flow direction, and portal systemic shunts. Large-volume contrast material injections and intraarterial vasodilators or balloon occlusion technique are required for optimal examinations using film-screen recording. A technique for performing venous-phase arteriography with digital subtraction imaging after celiac and superior mesenteric artery injection is described. The major advantage of intraarterial digital subtraction technique in comparison to film-screen recording is sensitivity to intravascular iodine with a consequent reduction in contrast material load and examination time. Technical success is limited only by motion artifact and should approximate the 80%-90% figure achieved for intravenous digital subtraction angiography of the aortorenal vessels.

Diatrizoate↗
PubMed1983

Misdiagnosis of pericardial cyst by echocardiography and computed tomography scanning.

We saw a patient who had clinical features of right-sided heart failure. Echocardiography and computed tomography findings were incorrectly interpreted as demonstrating an intracardiac mass. At surgery, a pericardial cyst externally compressing the right ventricular cavity was found. We conclude that, although noninvasive tests may play a valuable role in evaluating intracardiac masses, interpretation may be difficult and misdiagnoses are possible.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Renal fascial thickening in pancreatitis.

The incidence of renal fascial thickening in pancreatic inflammatory disease was evaluated by computed tomography. A total of 71 cases including chemical, acute complicated, and acute and chronic uncomplicated pancreatitis were retrospectively evaluated for thickening of the renal fascia. Renal fascial thickening is demonstrated in the majority of patients with complicated and uncomplicated pancreatitis. It is not demonstrated in cases of chemical pancreatitis. Renal fascial thickening is nonspecific and seen with inflammatory, malignant, and traumatic processes, but it is a valuable adjunctive sign of pancreatic inflammatory disease.

Fascia↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasonic visualization of the pancreatic duct.

The frequency and significance of pancreatic duct visualization by ultrasonography were correlated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or pancreatic computed tomography. The normal pancreatic duct was found to have parallel walls and to be less than 2 mm in internal diameter in the region of the body of the pancreas. The abdominal pancreatic duct had an internal diameter of 2 mm or greater or had walls that were nonparallel or convex outward (focal dilatation or beading). Pancreatic ducts were identified in approximately one-half of all patients evaluated. Failure to visualize an abnormally dilated pancreatic duct was secondary to distortion of pancreatic anatomy from large or multiple pseudocysts, calcific deposits within the pancreas, or technically poor visualization of the pancreas.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1982

Porta hepatis: sonographic discrimination of bile ducts from arteries with pulsed Doppler with new anatomic criteria.

Duplex scanning of the porta hepatis was performed in 71 patients, and the identity of the common duct and hepatic artery were confirmed by characteristic pulsed Doppler signals or by tracing structures to known landmarks. In 59% of patients, the hepatic artery was as large or larger than the adjacent normal bile duct, suggesting that the two structures may occasionally be confused. Sonographic signs that help to confirm or support the differentiation of arteries from ducts include observation of intrinsic pulsations of arteries, indentation or displacement of structures by arteries, change in the caliber of bile ducts during real-time examination, and the orientation, contour, caliber, and curvature of the tubular structures of the porta hepatis. Simultaneous identification of the hepatic artery and extrahepatic bile duct using pulsed Doppler or these newly described anatomic criteria improves the diagnostic accuracy of sonography of the porta hepatis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of pre- and postcontrast CT in hepatic masses.

A comparison of hepatic computed tomography (CT) before and after administering intravenous contrast material was performed 85 times on 81 patients suspected of having hepatic mass lesions. Both pre- and postcontrast computed tomography were sensitive and specific in over 88% of cases, with no statistical difference in accuracy between the techniques. However, postcontrast scans were generally preferred because of increased diagnostic confidence and improved characterization of associated abnormalities. The recent advent of rapid sequential scanning after intravenous administration of a large volume of contrast material seems to further improve diagnostic confidence. When high-resolution CT equipment is used, postcontrast CT alone is the preferred method for CT evaluation of patients with suspected liver lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of renal transplants with pulsed Doppler duplex sonography.

Sixty-seven patients who had had renal transplants were examined 184 times by pulsed Doppler duplex sonography, and a pulsed Doppler index (PDI) was developed to provide an indicator of renal blood-flow patterns. Arterial Doppler signals were obtained from transplant vessels during all technically satisfactory examinations of viable allografts; interpretations of transplant status based on the PDI and clinical function studies agreed with radionuclide renogram diagnoses in more than 90 per cent of cases when both sonograms and renograms were available. Pulsed Doppler analysis may differentiate between arterial occlusion and severe rejection and may decrease the need for radionuclide studies in some patients.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1982

The sacroiliac joints: anatomic, plain roentgenographic, and computed tomographic analysis.

Due to its unique bicompartmental anatomy and spatial configuration, the sacroiliac joint can be more accurately defined by computed tomography (CT) than conventional radiography. Using a tilted gantry and paraaxial scanning technique, the synovial portion of the joint is oriented vertically on the CT image, while the ligamentous portion is oriented oblique-horizontally. The tilted CT gantry technique allows full ventral-dorsal imaging of the synovial portion of the sacroiliac joint. We have found the accuracy of CT to be superior to conventional radiography in the detection of early erosive sacroiliitis and joint space narrowing. In all patients with discrepancy between the two radiologic techniques, the changes were either only demonstrated or better demonstrated by CT than conventional radiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasound evaluation of pelvic infections.

Sonography is used infrequently for diagnosing acute pelvic inflammatory disease because the physical examination is highly sensitive, because the sonogram lacks specificity, and because the patient is often scheduled for surgery or laparoscopy or treated medically based on clinical findings, obviating the need for diagnostic studies. Sonography is usually reserved for identifying, localizing, and following pelvic abscesses complicating pelvic inflammatory disease. The sonogram is valuable in identifying the location of intrauterine devices because of the increased incidence of inflammatory pelvic disease in these patients. Postoperative and posttraumatic abscesses and abscesses of gastrointestinal origin may require the concomitant use of computed tomography and radionuclide studies, with ultrasonography performing a complementary function. The ultrasound examination may be valuable both in improving diagnostic confidence and providing guidance for aspiration. Because of the limited spectrum of appearances of numerous pelvic diseases, the most accurate diagnoses are obtained when the sonogram is interpreted in light of the detailed clinical information.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

Patency evaluation of distal splenorenal shunt with dynamic computed tomography.

The reliability of documenting patency of the shunt by dynamic computed tomographic angiography was compared with celiac arteriography one postoperatively in 13 patients who had had a distal splenorenal shunt one month to six years earlier. This new technique confirmed the arteriographic diagnosis regarding patency of the shunt in 11 patients and demonstrated patency of two with indeterminant, or probably occluded, shunts by arteriography. Its reliability as an standard technique which was less than optimal in precision, and it still contained no false-negative results in this small group of patients. The dynamic scan had excellent patient acceptance for study. It is appropriate for the assessment patency early after operation, or later, as a routine follow-up study or in patients with persistent varices or bleeds from an uncertain upper gastrointestinal source.

Angiography↗
PubMed1981

Percutaneous liver biopsy in difficult cases simplified by CT or ultrasonic localization.

Repeat liver biopsy guided by CT and ultrasound was performed in ten prospectively selected patients with chronic liver disease, small liver size, and a previous unsuccessful biopsy. Biopsy sites selected by both radiographic techniques were essentially similar and within 1 cm of each other. The bulk of the liver was located more posteriorly and superiorly than expected, explaining the failure of the previous unsuccessful biopsies. Adequate cores of liver 1-2.5 cm in length were easily obtained with radiologic guidance. This technique is especially useful in patients with chronic active hepatitis complicated by cirrhosis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

Coronal upper abdominal anatomy: technique and gastrointestinal applications.

The coronal approach to the upper abdomen provides a valuable additional ultrasonographic view of the subphrenic and perirenal area bilaterally, and the hepatic and subhepatic region on the right. In patients with large amounts of overlying gas-filled bowel loops, it may provide the only ultrasonographic view into the high abdominal region. Reformatted coronal computed tomography may be used as a teaching aid and in demonstrating upper abdominal coronal anatomy. However, because of limited spatial resolution coronal computed tomography may be available and may be helpful in the evaluation of the upper abdomen.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1981

Perinephric abscess with renal cell carcinoma.

A case of perinephric abscess with renal cell carcinoma is presented. Hematuria is uncommon in cases of perinephric abscess. When hematuria is present in a patient with perinephric abscess further evaluation is necessary to rule out an associated malignant process.

Abscess↗