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Biomedical subjects

W D Hale

Publications and source records attributed to W D Hale.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The revised Generalized Expectancy for Success Scale: a validity and reliability study.

The Generalized Expectancy for Success Scale (GESS; Fibel & Hale, 1978) was revised and assessed for reliability and validity. The revised version was administered to 199 college students along with other conceptually related measures, including the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Life Orientation Test, and Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. One subsample of students also completed the Eysenck Personality Inventory, while another subsample performed a criterion-related task that involved risk taking. Item analysis yielded 25 items with correlations of .45 or higher with the total score. Results indicated high internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Age differences in self-reported symptoms of psychological distress.

Some investigators have found higher levels of distress in late adulthood, but others have reported no differences between younger and older adults or even lower levels of distress in their older samples. In the present investigation, a sample of adults who had attended the same university and ranged in age from 22 to 86 were asked to complete the Brief Symptom Inventory. Subjects were divided into four age cohorts, and analyses were conducted to determine age-related differences in the reporting of symptomatology. Older adults were more likely than younger adults to report symptoms that reflected distress over physical ailments and memory problems, but young adults were more likely to report symptoms of a primarily psychological nature.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

College student norms on the Brief Symptom Inventory.

The Brief Symptom Inventory was administered to 204 female and 143 male students at a 4-year college. Their mean scores on the nine primary symptom dimensions were compared with means of a normative sample of older adults and younger adolescents. The results indicated that college students reported significantly higher levels of distress than did the adult sample and that they showed a different pattern of distress than the younger adolescents. It was suggested that counselors and clinicians may wish to use college level norms when they are using the Brief Symptom Inventory with college students.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Brief reports.

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Affect↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Locus of control and psychological distress among the aged.

A relationship between locus of control and adjustment has been found in many studies of young adults, with externals generally reporting higher levels of psychological distress. However, studies of locus of control and adjustment in the aged have produced conflicting results. This investigation examined the relationship between locus of control and self-reported psychopathology in a sample of 139 residents of a retirement complex. Correlation coefficients were computed for locus of control and each of the nine symptom dimensions of the Brief Symptom Inventory. These analyses were carried out separately for males and for females to determine if locus of control orientation was associated with adjustment for both males and females. Results indicate that locus of control is correlated with self-reported psychopathology for older women but not for older men. These results and those of related investigations are discussed within the context of Rotter's social learning theory.

Aged↗