Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W E Davies.
Experiments have been performed to examine the effects of taurine supplementation on the ototoxicity of neomycin. It was found that concurrent administration of taurine and neomycin produced a greater degree of ototoxicity, as evidenced by increases in hearing thresholds, than with neomycin alone. The results are discussed in light of a recently proposed mechanism of aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
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A 16 year old male developed symptomatic hypercalcaemia of immobilization on day 47 following a diving accident which had resulted in incomplete C4 tetraplegia. Following initial reduction in serum calcium with salmon calcitonin 100 U/day, symptomatic hypercalcaemia recurred. A single dose of 30 mg pamidronate sodium, given intravenously, caused serum calcium to fall within 48 hours. Initial mild, asymptomatic hypocalcaemia was followed by a return to sustained normocalcaemia. No major adverse reaction was encountered, and if further clinical experience confirms its efficacy, pamidronate sodium will warrant consideration as first-line therapy for immobilization hypercalcaemia.
Since 1977, 301 patients with spinal cord pathology have been taught to self-catheterize. The majority (234) remain on the programme. The reasons for the 67 ceasing the procedure and the changing pattern of bladder management amongst Queensland's spinally injured community are discussed. The complications and advantages of the system are considered and a plea is put forward that intermittent clean self-catheterisation should be preferred as the preferred option to all spinally injured persons with good hand function.
This is a report on a patient injured when an interstate bus overturned. The mechanism of injury is detailed and the secondary factors that resulted in the injury are discussed. Ways in which similar injuries could be prevented are put forward. An urgent plea is made for a more rational approach to the use of restraint mechanisms for bus passengers.
The results of cytological examination of 1280 transrectal fine needle aspiration biopsies of the prostate from 1122 patients over a period of 10 years are given. The technique was used for the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma. The microscopic appearances including classification according to differentiation are described and illustrated. Of the 1280 aspirates examined 467 were diagnosed as carcinoma. In 469 cases, it was possible to compare the cytology with the results of histological examination. In this group, 255 cases of prostatic carcinoma were diagnosed: 53% by both cytology and histology, 20% by cytology alone and 27% by histology alone. The findings show that the Franzen needle biopsy technique has an important role to play in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate.
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Human pituitary FSH was found to increase the incorporation of tritiated lysine into testicular protein in prepubertal mice in vivo. Radioactivity was measured in washed trichloracetic acid precipitates prepared from crude testicular homogenates. The time of maximum response was 8 to 16 hr after subcutaneous injection of the hormone. This was considerably later than the maximum response in vitro reported by other workers. Neither HCG nor dibutyryl cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate had a significant effect on the incorporation of lysine.
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An enzyme system consisting of washed acetone powder of pig brain, adenosine triphosphate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, magnesium, fumaric acid, and ascorbic acid was found to catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of 2-ketostearic acid. The products were carbon dioxide and heptadecanoic acid. Washing the enzyme powder with ethylene-diaminetetraacetate and other chelating agents destroyed the activity. Further properties of the enzyme system are described. It is believed that this enzyme system accounts in part for the 1-carbon degradation route for brain fatty acids.