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Biomedical subjects

W E Russell

Publications and source records attributed to W E Russell.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Hepatocyte DNA replication: effect of nutrients and intermediary metabolites.

Isolated adult rat liver parenchymal cells maintained in serum-free medium are stimulated by insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) to undergo DNA synthesis. Pyruvate, lactate, and, to a lesser extent, several other intermediary metabolites strikingly enhance DNA synthesis both under serum-free culture conditions and in the presence of dialyzed rat serum. High concentrations (2-50 mM) of these low-molecular-weight metabolites are necessary to produce optimal stimulation. Both alanine (greater than 2 mM) and glutamine (greater than 4 mM) are inhibitory under similar conditions. Glucose, although not required for hepatocyte maintenance or stimulation in the presence of insulin and EGF, acts synergistically with pyruvate to enhance DNA synthesis in a complete mixture.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Vasopressin modulates liver regeneration in the Brattleboro rat.

Liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy is significantly impaired in rats with hereditary vasopressin deficiency (Brattleboro strain), both in rate of DNA synthesis and in return of liver DNA content to normal. Vasopressin treatment at physiological doses ameliorates the defect and thus appears to be an important modulator of liver regeneration in response to partial hepatectomy in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine and 5-fluorouracil on the proliferation of a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line.

Because alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) reduces the incidence of experimental colon cancers, inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells and human leukemia cells in culture, and in combination with methylglyoxal (bis)guanylhydrazone induces remission in children with leukemia, its effectiveness against a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Colo 205) was tested alone and in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Both DFMO (2 X 10(-4) M) and 5-FU (10(-6) M) inhibited Colo 205 cell proliferation. Above 5 X 10(-4) M DFMO (p less than 0.001) and at 10(-4) M 5-FU (p less than 0.001), Colo 205 growth was completely inhibited. Although DFMO did not sensitize Colo 205 cells to a noninhibitory concentration of 5-FU, the effectiveness of inhibitory concentrations of 5-FU and DFMO in reducing Colo 205 cell growth was additive. DFMO (2 X 10(-4) M) caused 89 to 93% inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity (p less than 0.001) and reduced levels of putrescine (93%; p less than 0.01) and spermidine (57%; p less than 0.02). Growth rate and the intracellular putrescine and spermidine contents were restored by 10(-6) M putrescine. DFMO could be an effective chemotherapeutic agent against human colonic cancer because of its effects at such unusually low concentrations in vitro.

Adenocarcinoma↗