PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W E Shankland

Publications and source records attributed to W E Shankland.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The trigeminal nerve. Part IV: the mandibular division.

The mandibular or third division of the trigeminal nerve is the largest of the three divisions. It is considered a mixed nerve. That is, like the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions, the mandibular conveys afferent fibers. But unlike the former two divisions, the mandibular also contains motor or efferent fibers to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid and anterior digastric muscles, and the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. So intimately associated with dentistry, the mandibular nerve has also been termed the dental nerve by anatomists in the past. This extensive and complicated division of the trigeminal nerve can cause confusion to both patient and doctor. Pain is often referred within its branches and even into other trigeminal divisions, chiefly the maxillary. This fourth and last article about the trigeminal nerve will present in detail the mandibular division.

Branchial Region↗
PubMed2001

Migraine and tension-type headache reduction through pericranial muscular suppression: a preliminary report.

Migraine and tension-type headaches have always plagued mankind. In spite of all the research dollars spent trying to determine the etiologies of these headaches, the neurology community still has not established a known cause of migraine and tension type headaches. This paper describes a study that was conducted for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in which the efficacy of the Nociceptive Trigeminal Inhibition Tension Suppression System was evaluated and proved safe and efficacious in the reduction of medically diagnosed migraine and tension-type headache.

Analgesics↗
PubMed2000

The trigeminal nerve. Part I: An over-view.

The trigeminal nerve is the largest and most complex of twelve cranial nerves. Its vast size and influence are greatly appreciated when one attempts to diagnose and treat patients suffering from orofacial pain and temporomandibular joint disorders. Without a thorough knowledge of the trigeminal nerve, the efficacy of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures will be very disappointing. This is the first of a four-part series of articles about the trigeminal nerve, a basic over-view of both the gross and neuroanatomical structures is presented.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1998

The effects of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate on osteoarthritis of the TMJ: a preliminary report of 50 patients.

The signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis are common complaints seen in patients suffering with chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD), specifically, internal derangements with a diagnosis of osteoarthritis. With or without the complaints of pain and swelling, joint noises are bothersome and annoying to both the patient and at times, to those seated close to the patient during mealtime. In fact, many patients are driven to seek care by family members because of his or her TMJ noises. For years in veterinarian medicine, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates have been used to treat symptoms of osteoarthritis. Recently, the use of these two supplements has been recommended for human beings as well. Reports of decreased joint noises, pain and swelling after the administration of therapeutic doses of these supplements have sparked an interest in their possible use in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Off come the gloves.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Evidence-Based Medicine↗
PubMed1996

Pterygoid hamulus bursitis: one cause of craniofacial pain.

Craniofacial pain disorders are frustrating to the doctor and the patient. Diagnosis is often difficult because the anatomy of the head and neck region is complex, grossly and neurologically. Frequently, several pain syndromes exhibit similar symptoms. One such disorder is bursitis of the pterygoid hamulus. This type of bursitis may produce symptoms of soft palatal, ear, and throat pain, maxillary pain, and difficulty and pain on swallowing. This disorder is often misdiagnosed as otitis media. Treatment may be conservative or surgical. This article discusses the anatomy, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of bursitis of the hamular process.

Bursitis↗
PubMed1996

The "pre-anterior belly" of the temporalis muscle: a preliminary study of a newly described muscle.

Gross anatomical structures of the human body have been known and taught to students for centuries. However, at times, anomalies or even previously undescribed structures are discovered and subsequently reported. This preliminary report discusses the discovery of either a previously undescribed belly of the temporalis muscle, a previously undescribed muscle of mastication, or simply an anomaly of the temporalis. The somatosensory innervation of this structure was identified and will be presented. Preliminary measurements of this structure will also be provided. Finally, clinical implications of these findings, which may aid in the diagnosis and treatment of temporal and facial pain, will be discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Bursitis of the hamular process. Part I: Anatomical and histological evidence.

Pain originating from the throat may emanate from many different structures. The stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments are known as structures, that when injured, produce most of the throat pain which also may be referred to the face, ears, and temporomandibular joints. Another structure which may produce similar pain complaints, the synovial bursa of the tensor veli palatini muscle, has been isolated and described in this study. The histology and pertinent anatomy of the general area and this bursa specifically will be described.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

"Say it ain't so!".

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Consensus Development Conferences, NIH as Topic↗
PubMed1995

Craniofacial pain syndromes that mimic temporomandibular joint disorders.

Undiagnosed pain in the face, head and neck is very frustrating to all parties involved: the patient, the family of the patient, and the clinician. Simple pains may be treated with ease; however, chronic pain is a different matter. Often, patients consult numerous doctors, clinics, and hospitals in their search of pain relief. The patient may then undergo extensive and at times, unnecessary invasive treatment with the hope that the relentless agony of their suffering will be relieved. The purpose of this article is primarily one of education. Physicians and dentists alike encounter these unfortunate sufferers and yet, are confounded by the multitude of symptoms and complaints. Therefore, it was felt that an article such as this was needed. Many concepts presented within are either new or revised. It will be interesting to the reader just how similar many of these pain syndromes appear. Yet, when a systematic diagnostic approach is attempted, it will become clear just how different these syndromes are as well.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1994

The position of the mental foramen in Asian Indians.

The modal or most common position of the mental foramen in the human mandible with respect to teeth appears to be below the second premolar regardless of race or age. The position of this structure was investigated in a sample of Asian Indians of unknown age or sex. In this study, 75.36% of 138 mandibular sides exhibited the position of the mental foramen to be located directly below the second premolar. In addition, 6.62% of the mandibles possessed accessory mental foramina. The results of this study do not support those reported in some commonly used textbooks on anatomy, anesthesia, and anthropology concerning the position of the mental foramen in the human mandible.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1993

Trigeminal neuralgia: typical or atypical?

The horrible disorder of trigeminal neuralgia has been reviewed in the medical literature for centuries. Various methods of diagnosis and treatment have been offered and yet, it has only been in the last few decades that two similar but different types of trigeminal neuralgias have been recognized. Typical trigeminal neuralgia, or tic douloureux, is by far the most recognized type, although atypical trigeminal neuralgia has recently appeared in the literature as well. It is of the utmost importance that these two neuralgias of the trigeminal nerve be accurately diagnosed as their forms of treatment are quite different. This short treatise will compare and contrast the two different types of trigeminal neuralgias, typical and atypical, and offer methods for treatment of both.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Osteocavitation lesions (Ratner bone cavities): frequently misdiagnosed as trigeminal neuralgia--a case report.

The disorder termed osteocavitation lesion has been described in the literature since at least 1976. This disorder has often been misdiagnosed as trigeminal neuralgia or atypical facial pain, and, unfortunately, patients have either continued to suffer or inappropriate treatment or treatments have been prescribed in an attempt to rid the patient of this terrible pain disorder. These symptoms, which can be misinterpreted as trigeminal neuralgia, include a history of undiagnosed facial pain, a history of tooth extraction, the presence of trigger areas and normal radiographic findings. A confirmed diagnosis of osteocavitation lesion can be treated only with surgery.

Aged↗