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Biomedical subjects

W F Hendry

Publications and source records attributed to W F Hendry.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of cyclosporin A in male autoimmune infertility.

Nine infertile men (mean duration of infertility, 8.3 years) with antisperm antibodies were treated with the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A for 6 months with a dose of 5 to 10 mg/kg/day. Seminal plasma and serum antisperm antibodies fell in three subjects on treatment, and sperm count and motility increased substantially in one. Three successful pregnancies occurred in the study group: one on treatment, one in the first cycle of artificial insemination with the husband's sperm after treatment (twin infants), and one 3 months after cessation of treatment (twin infants). Successful conceptions with cyclosporin were unrelated to falls in antisperm antibody titer.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Antispermatozoal antibodies in men with urethritis.

Antispermatozoal antibodies have been measured by the tray agglutination test (TAT) in three groups of patients with urethritis attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases and in one control group of men without urethritis. In 3 of 17 (17.6%) patients with acute nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) the serum TAT was positive at titers of 1:16 or more; and in 1 of these patients in whom Chlamydia was grown, the TAT titer rose from 1:4 before treatment, to 1:8 at 2 weeks, and 1:16 at 4 weeks, indicating probable immunization against sperm antigens at the time of infection. A rise in titer from 0 to 1:8 occurred in a second patient with NGU. Six (15.6%) of 39 patients with recurrent NGU and 2 (16.6%) of 12 patients with gonorrhea followed by postgonococcal urethritis also had positive antisperm antibody titers of 1:16 or more. None of 27 control subjects had positive antisperm antibody titers. These observations indicate that development of antisperm antibodies can be stimulated in some individuals by NGU.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1986

Extensive pelvic malacoplakia: observations on management.

A case of malacoplakia of the bladder is described. During a 4-year interval the disease progressed from a small intravesical lesion to a large pelvic mass. The disease eventually was controlled by carefully supervised antibiotic treatment of the recurrent urinary tract infections. Patients with urinary malacoplakia require careful long-term followup to control urinary tract infections and help prevent the occasionally aggressive course of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The significance of scrotal interference in stage I testicular cancer managed by orchiectomy and surveillance.

Of 210 patients with clinical Stage I testicular tumours managed by orchiectomy and surveillance, 36 had scrotal interference at or prior to removal of their primary tumour. None developed inguinoscrotal relapse during a mean observation period of 37 months. The overall relapse rate of 4/36 (11%) compared favourably with that of the surveillance series as a whole (18%).

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1986

Clinical significance of unilateral testicular obstruction in subfertile males.

Unilateral testicular obstruction has been defined by exploratory scrototomy in 80 spontaneously infertile males. The most common sites of obstruction were either in the tail of the epididymis after previous infection (40 cases) or in the vas deferens due to congenital absence or after previous infection or surgery (24 cases). Half of the patients had severe oligozoospermia (less than 5 million/ml) and three-quarters had developed antisperm antibodies, often in high titres. Spermatogenesis was shown by testicular biopsy to be normal (Johnsen score-count greater than 8.0) in almost all of the obstructed testes, and serum FSH levels were normal. Following surgical reconstruction, with prednisolone therapy if indicated by high antisperm antibody titres, 19 (32%) of 60 patients with adequate follow-up successfully impregnated their female partners, with the best results occurring in 30 men who started with sperm counts less than 5 million/ml, 12 of whom (40%) were successful. Removal of irreparably blocked testes in 10 men led to profound falls in high antisperm antibody titres, with production of two pregnancies. Unilateral testicular obstruction appears to be a correctable cause of infertility in some human males.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Vas cannulation with implanted sperm reservoirs for obstructive azoospermia or ejaculatory failure.

Seven patients with azoospermia due to obstruction of the abdominal part of the vas deferens, and five paraplegic men with ejaculatory failure, were treated with implanted sperm reservoirs. In eight patients (67%) motile spermatozoa were recovered. Two pregnancies (17%) were achieved with subsequent live births (by AIH). In two patients the fertilising capacity of the spermatozoa was unsuccessful as assessed by IVF. Infection required the removal of two reservoirs.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1986

Serum parathyroid hormone levels in the hypercalcaemia of urological malignant disease.

Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels have been measured in 8 patients with hypercalcaemia associated with urological malignancy: 3 renal cell carcinomas, 2 adenocarcinomas of prostate, 2 transitional cell carcinomas of bladder and one transitional cell carcinoma of kidney. Five (63%) of these 8 patients had bone metastases. PTH was detectable in the serum of all 8 hypercalcaemic patients, but in only 2 cases was the PTH level above the normal range, and in one of these a coincidental parathyroid adenoma was found to be responsible for the hypercalcaemia. It appears that these tumours can produce a hormone-like substance with biological effects similar to PTH.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

How accurate is urine cytology?

Exfoliative urinary cytology was performed on 260 new cases of histologically proven urothelial cancer. The site, size, shape and histological grade of the tumours were documented, and they were classified by the TNM system. Overall, urine cytology was positive in 135 (52%), suspicious in 28 (11%) and negative in 97 (38%) cases. Malignant cells were found most often when the urothelial tumours were large, papillary and solid, moderately or poorly differentiated and invasive (T2-4). Most upper tract tumours and those situated in bladder diverticula had positive urinary cytology. This study confirms that exfoliative urinary cytology is useful in detecting the more malignant bladder tumours including in-situ carcinoma, and other tumours in less accessible parts of the urinary tract.

Cytodiagnosis↗
PubMed1986

Morbidity and mortality of radical cystectomy (1971-78 and 1978-85).

The mortality after radical cystectomy with urinary diversion has been reduced from 11% in 53 patients operated on during 1971-78, to 2.5% in a similar group of 120 patients operated on during 1978-85. Amongst the latter, mortality varied from 0 amongst 32 non-irradiated patients, to 1 (3%) of 33 after planned preoperative radiotherapy and 2 (3.6%) of 55 after previous radical radiotherapy. The improvement in results appears to be due to a number of factors including routine intensive care in the early postoperative phase, with epidural analgesia, and meticulous attention to haemostasis and the technical details of construction of the ileal conduit.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cryopreservation of semen in men with testicular tumour or Hodgkin's disease: results of artificial insemination of their partners.

After cryopreservation of semen from men with testicular tumours or Hodgkin's disease the success rate of artificial insemination of their partners was analysed. The cumulative probability of pregnancy at 6 months was 45%. The chance of pregnancy was greater when timing of ovulation was predicted with measurements of urinary luteinising hormone. Sperm density and sperm motility were also important in predicting the likelihood of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

cis-Diammine-1, 1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate platinum II (carboplatin) in the treatment of testicular germ-cell tumours: a preliminary report.

Between 1982 and 1985 47 patients with metastatic testicular germ-cell tumours were treated with carboplatin alone or combined with bleomycin and etoposide and/or vinblastine. Of 14 untreated seminoma patients 13 (93%) are free from active disease at 7-38 months (median 12 months). Twenty patients with untreated advanced non-seminomatous testicular germ-cell tumours have been entered into a study of carboplatin, etoposide and bleomycin (CEB) as first-line treatment. Preliminary data show that of 15 men observed for 6-12 months (mean 7.5 months) 11 are disease-free. Toxicity with the single agent and combination has been mild. Of 12 patients receiving carboplatin alone or in combination for relapse after cisplatin chemotherapy 10 showed no response, one a transient complete response and one a partial response consolidated with radiotherapy. On the basis of these preliminary observations it is concluded that carboplatin is an active drug in testicular germ-cell tumours and that cross resistance with cisplatin may be a significant problem.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

The clinical relevance of classes of immunoglobulins on spermatozoa from infertile and vasovasostomized males.

Following reversal of vasectomy, conceptions occur even when antisperm antibodies are present in the seminal plasma, but this is most unusual in men with similar titers of such antibodies who are spontaneously infertile. To clarify the differences between antisperm antibodies occurring in infertile men and those associated with vasectomy reversal, we have studied 23 spontaneously infertile men and 22 men who underwent vasectomy reversal, all of whom had antisperm antibodies detected in seminal plasma by the same tray agglutination test. The class of antibody on spermatozoa was defined by a double-antibody technique using diluted rabbit anti-human IgG, IgM, or IgA or secretory component, followed, after washing, by 125I-labeled donkey anti-rabbit Ig. The results have shown that similar amounts of IgG and IgM were present on the spermatozoa, but infertile men had significantly more IgA and especially more secretory component than men who underwent vasectomy reversal. This was associated with significantly greater impairment of penetration of cervical mucus in the former group. It appears that the type of antibody on the spermatozoa may vary according to the stimulus for its production.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1985

Advanced seminoma: treatment with cis-platinum-based combination chemotherapy or carboplatin (JM8).

Between 1978 and 1983, 44 patients with advanced seminoma were treated with cis-platinum-based combination chemotherapy (39 patients) or with carboplatin (JM8), as a single agent (5 patients). Of the total group, 40 (90%) are alive and disease free. Two of the 4 patients who died relapsed as non-seminomatous germ-cell tumours. Results in previously untreated patients indicate that tumour volume is less important as a prognostic factor than in non-seminomas. Residual masses were present in almost 80% of patients 1 month after chemotherapy; such masses regress slowly and surgery is not indicated. Elective radiotherapy after chemotherapy appears to be inessential since relapse rates are comparable in irradiated (1/15) and unirradiated patients (1/16). Pretreatment serum HCG concentrations did not influence the outcome of chemotherapy. Preliminary results with JM8 suggest that it is an active single agent in the treatment of seminoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The accuracy of CT scanning prior to para-aortic lymphadenectomy in patients with bulky metastases from testicular teratoma.

The accuracy of CT scanning prior to para-aortic lymphadenectomy was assessed in 108 patients with metastatic testicular teratoma. In 106 its presence was confirmed by surgery. The site was accurately predicted in 95%. A good correlation (P less than 0.0025) was found between mean tumour cross-sectional area assessed by CT scanning and that measured in the excised pathological specimens.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Clinical stage II non-seminomatous germ cell testicular tumours. Results of management by primary chemotherapy.

Between 1977 and 1984, 92 patients with clinical Stage II non-seminomatous germ-cell testicular tumours were treated by primary chemotherapy, with surgery reserved for the excision of persisting masses. Eighty patients (87%) are alive and disease-free: 96% for Stages IIA and IIB and 74% for Stage IIC. Of 43 Stage IIA, B and C patients treated with bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP), 40 (93%) are disease-free. For the whole group there was a significant difference between the outcome of treatment in patients with retroperitoneal masses greater than 8 cm in transverse diameter compared with those in whom masses were less than 8 cm, the disease-free rates being 54 and 97% respectively. Primary histology did not influence the outcome of treatment. However, whereas 51% of patients with teratocarcinoma had masses resected after chemotherapy, only 26% of embryonal carcinoma patients came to surgery. The results obtained in this series are as good as those obtained when lymph node dissection is employed as the initial form of treatment. The avoidance of surgery with preservation of ejaculatory function in 78% of Stage IIA and IIB patients argues in favour, of an initially non-surgical approach to management.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

Why does vasectomy reversal fail?

The scrotum was explored in 32 patients who had vasectomy reversal which failed to restore their fertility. Twenty-three patients were azoospermic and nine had severe or persistent oligozoospermia. Amongst the 23 azoospermic cases, the vasa were found to be blocked in 12; following repeat vaso-vasostomy, normal sperm counts were produced in 10 patients; 8 of these patients followed up for 6 months or more successfully impregnated their wives. In four cases there was a secondary epididymal block: following epididymo-vasostomy, three of four patients obtained normal sperm counts and two wives became pregnant. In seven patients there was a very high antisperm antibody titre (greater than 1024 by tray agglutination test) and despite reparative surgery and prednisolone therapy, no pregnancies were obtained. The overall pregnancy rate for this group was 7 of 19 (37%). Amongst nine oligozoospermic cases, unilateral obstruction was found in eight. The block was found in the vas in five and in the epididymis in two, and in two there were very high antisperm antibody titres. After reconstructive surgery, four patients had normal sperm counts and one pregnancy has been obtained.

Adult↗